鼻咽癌放疗后鼻出血诊治与护理

介绍鼻咽癌放疗引起出血的相关因素及预防、治疗与护理．以减少鼻咽癌放疗后出血的并发症．提高病人生活质量。     

317护宣教平台结合分级心理护理模式对鼻咽癌放疗患者的效果观察

目的 探讨317护宣教平台结合分级心理护理模式在鼻咽癌(NPC)患者放疗期间中的应用价值.方法 选取2020年6月—2021年6月医院收治的90例NPC放疗患者为研究对象,按照组间匹配的原则分为对照组和观察组,每组45例.两组均实施常规护理,观察组增加317护宣教平台结合分级心理护理模式,对比两组患者护理质量、护理依从...     

精神分裂症患者血清超氧化物歧化酶活性及丙二醛含量的测定

精神分裂症患者血清超氧化物歧化酶活性及丙二醛含量的测定喻元凤张翔△李健△唐华英△李顺江刘小霞近几年来，国内外有不少文献报告精神分裂症发病与自由基及其酶防御系统有密切关系，不少文献反映的是患者红细胞超氧化物歧化酶（以下简称ＳＯＤ）活性。本文采用完...     

Ku70蛋白在局部晚期喉癌组织中的表达及与临床病理特征、预后的关系

目的研究Ku70蛋白在局部晚期喉癌组织中的表达及临床意义。方法 选取100例局部晚期喉癌患者治疗前活检标本,应用免疫组化技术检测Ku70蛋白表达情况,并分析其与肿瘤分期、淋巴结转移、生存率等临床病理特征的关系。结果局部晚期喉癌组织中Ku70蛋白过表达率为45％,且其高表达与N分期密切相关（P〈0．01）,与T分期、TNM分期、吸烟、性别无明显相关性;45例Ku70蛋白过表达者及55例低表达者5a生存率分别为37％、58％（P〈0．05）。结论 Ku70蛋白在局部晚期喉癌组织中存在过表达,检测其表达水平对喉癌的个体化治疗、靶向治疗及预后判断有重要参考价值。     

1型人类免疫缺陷病毒tat基因重组分泌型真核表达载体的构建

目的构建人类免疫缺陷病毒1型(HIV-1)tat基因分泌型真核表达载体。方法聚合酶链反应(PCR)法从缺失pol基因的重组HIV-1基因组pNL4-3中扩增tat基因;将PCR获得的tat基因片段和pSecTag2B分泌型真核表达载体分别用Hind III酶切;pSecTag2B载体片段经小牛碱性磷酸酶去磷酸化后,用T4 DNA连接酶将tat基因与pSecTag2B载体片段连接过夜并转化感受态大肠杆菌DH5α,提取阳性克隆质粒进行Hind III酶切鉴定,并利用Nco I酶切鉴定克隆的tat基因反向。最后选取正向tat基因克隆质粒送基因测序。结果 PCR扩增产物在1%琼脂糖凝胶上约320bp位置出现条带,与预期的324bp大小一致;经Hind III和Nco I分别酶切鉴定,获得2个正向克隆;正向克隆经测序,克隆的tat基因序列与Genbank中登记的HIV-1 tat基因100%同源。结论本研究方法可以成功地构建HIV-1 tat基因分泌型真核表达载体。     

齿龈内阿米巴感染的调查报告

世界各地均有关于齿龈内阿米巴的报道。为了解我国人齿龈内阿米巴的感染情况以及它与口腔疾病的关系,我们于1984年4月对南充市居民和口腔科门诊患者进行了初步调查,现将结果报告如下。     

基于PDPC法精准培训模式在提升新入职护士规范化培训中临床思维能力的应用效果

目的探讨以PDPC法进行精准培训,对新入职护士规范化培训中提升临床思维能力的应用效果。方法回顾性分析设定2017年7月—2018年6月70名新入职护士作为对照组,采用常规培训模式;2018年7月—2019年6月新入职护士70名作为观察组,采用PDPC法精准培训模式。比较两组护士思维能力评分、客观结构化临床考试得分。结果实施后比较两组护士的临床思维能力评分、客观结构化临床考试得分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论以PDPC法精准培训模式在新入职护士规范化培训中应用,能增强护士结合理论知识运用于临床情景、提高实操水平,提升临床思维能力,提升护理培训质量,更快适应临床工作模式。     

黄芪总黄酮对人正常骨髓间充质细胞的抗辐射损伤作用

目的:探讨黄芪总黄酮(total flavonoids of Astragalus;TFA)对60Coγ射线照射后人正常骨髓间充质干细胞(human mes-enchymal stem cells hMSCs)的辐射防护作用。方法:用MTT法检测直接接受照射的hMSCs及照射前经不同浓度TFA预处理的hM-SCs细胞存活率。利用琼脂糖电泳半定量分析直接照射后hMSCs和照射前TFA预处理的hMSCs的DNA凋亡梯带形成情况。分别于照射后不同时间收集细胞,流式细胞仪定量分析细胞凋亡率。结果:TFA的剂量在0.05～0.20mg/ml范围内与hMSCs的存活率呈良好的剂量-效应关系;照射后62、4、48h,各TFA照射组hMSCs较单纯照射组hMSCs凋亡率均低;琼脂糖电泳结果与流式分析结果相吻合。结论:TFA对人正常骨髓间充质细胞60Coγ射线照射后具有防护作用,其作用在一定范围内与TFA浓度成正比。     

黄芪总黄酮对人体正常细胞和肿瘤细胞辐射防护作用的差异性研究

目的 研究黄芪总黄酮(total flayonoids of astragalus,TFA)对60°Co γ射线辐射损伤的人体正常骨髓间充质干细胞(human mesenchymal stem cells,hMSCs)和肝癌细胞HepG-2辐射防护作用的差异性.方法 MTT法检测TFA处理组与单纯照射组hMSCs和HepG-2的细胞活性;HepG-2细胞克隆形成实验检测细胞的辐射敏感性;流式细胞技术分析细胞凋亡率;Western blot技术分析凋亡相关蛋白Fas,Bcl-2,Bax的表达.结果 MTT检测结果显示,当给予6 Gy γ射线一次性照射后,TFA预处理组hMSCs细胞活性分别比单纯照射组提高了1.15～1.95倍;经相同浓度TFA预处理的肝癌细胞HepG-2的细胞活性仅为单纯照射组的53%～23%;TFA的给药浓度与细胞存活率(survival rate)之间显现出良好的量效关系.细胞克隆形成实验结果显示:TFA+照射组能够明显抑制HepG-2细胞增殖,作用强于单纯TFA给药组和单纯照射组.流式细胞分析表明,经6 Gy γ射线一次性照射6、24和48 h后,TFA预处理组hMSCs的细胞凋亡率分别为23.3%,11.2%和2.9%.单纯照射组hMSCs的细胞凋亡率相应为29.3%,24.9%和13.6%;TFA预处理组肝癌细胞HepG-2的细胞凋亡率分别为11.6%,17.3%和20.1%,单纯照射组HepG-2的细胞凋亡率分别为6.9%、9.3%和15.8%.Western blot分析显示,在肝癌细胞HepG-2中,TFA预处理照射组促凋亡蛋白Fas和Bax 的表达量显著高于单纯照射组和对照组(t=11.17～-2.8,-12.35～3.4,P＜0.05);凋亡抑制蛋白Bel-2的表达量,TFA预处理照射组明显低于单纯照射组和对照组(f<6.36～17.61.P<0.05).结论 TFA对人正常骨髓间充质细胞具有明显的放射防护作用,对肝癌细胞不仅没有放射防护作用反而具有凋亡促进作用;TFA对肝癌细胞的促凋亡作用,主要通过上调促凋亡蛋白Fas和Bax的表达与下调凋亡抑制蛋白Bcl-2的表达,从而大大增强了60 Co γ射线对肝癌细胞的凋亡诱导作用.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the different radioprotective effects of total flavonoids of Astragalus (TFA) on human normal mesenchymal stem cells(hMSCs) and hepatoma cells injured by 60 Coγ-ray radiation.Methods hMSCs and HepG-2 cells were cultured and randomly divided into TFA-treated and untreated groups.The cells of different groups were irradiated with 60 Co γ-rays at the dose of 6 Gy.MTT method was utilized to detect the survival rates of the hMSCs and HepG-2 cells pretreated or untreated with TFA before irradiation.Cell clone formation test was used to measure the cellular radiosensitivity.The apoptosis rates of different groups were determined by flow cytometer assay.The expression rates of the apoptosis-promoting proteins Fas and Bax and the apoptosis-inhibiting protein Bcl-2 were analyzed by Western blotting.Results MTT showed that the survival rates of hMSCs pretreated by TFA were 1.15-1.95 times higher than that of the pure irradiation group.On the contrary,the survival rates of the TFA pretreated HepG-2 cells were only 0.53-0.23 times that of the pure irradiation group.There was a good dose-effect relationship between the cell survival rate and the TFA concentration.Cell clone formation rate indicated that combined treatment of TFA and radiation inhibited the cell proliferation more effectively than single TFA or pure radiation.Flow cytometry showed that 6,24 and,48 h post-irradiation to 6 Gy,the apoptosis rates of the hMSCs were 23.3% ,11.2% ,and 2.9% ,respectively in the TFA pretreated group and were 29.3% ,24.9% ,and 13.6% in the pure radiation group.However,the apoptosis rates of the HepG-2 cells at 6,24,and 48 h post-irradiation to 6 Gy were 11.6% ,17.3% ,and 20.1% ,respectively in the TFA pretreated group and were 6.9% ,9.3% ,and 15.8% ,respectively in the direct radiation group.Western blotting showed that the expression levels of Fas and Bax proteins in the HepG-2 cells were significantly higher in the TFA pretreated group than in the pure radiation group.On the contrary,the expression level of the apoptosis inhibiting protein Bcl-2 was significantly lower in the TFA pretreated group than in the pure radiation group.Conclusions TFA has obvious effects of radiological protection on human hMSCs and has no effects of radiological protection but effects of apoptosis enhancement on hepatoma cells.The promotion of apoptosis of TFA on hepatoma cells is primarily through increasing the expression of apoptotic proteins such as Fas and Bax and reducing the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2.