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目的:探讨毛母质瘤(PM)临床表现及病理特征。方法:回顾性分析399例PM的临床及组织病理资料。结果:绝大部分患者表现为单发(99%)、质硬或韧皮损,直径平均1.22cm;发病年龄〈30岁占56.39%,男女比例为1:1.33;好发于头颈部及上肢(83.37%);镜下主要以位于中央呈嗜酸性染色的影细胞和周围嗜碱性染色的嗜碱性细胞组成不规则条索或团块为特征。结论:PM是一种缓慢发生的良性皮肤肿瘤,可表现为急性加重,临床表现具有多样性,易误诊误治。因此,对于头颈部及上肢质硬或韧结节应早期手术彻底切除,以减少手术创伤,预防其他的并发症发生。 相似文献
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目的 探讨CXCR4基因沉默对黑色素瘤侵袭及转移的影响及可能机制。方法 设计合成CXCR4特异性短发夹状RNA(shRNA)插入pSilencer载体,转染人高转移性黑色素瘤细胞株MV3、RT-PCR和Western blot法检测shRNA对靶基因CXCR4表达的影响。利用Transwell小室模型检测细胞体外侵袭能力,MTT法检测细胞体外增殖能力。通过裸鼠尾静脉瘤细胞注射,将转染后的细胞接种至裸鼠皮下,构建黑色素瘤转移模型,观察肿瘤生长情况。结果 CXCR4-shRNA能有效下调CXCR4基因的表达,降低黑色素瘤细胞增殖、体外侵袭及转移能力。RT-PCR及细胞免疫荧光显示,转染CXCR4-shRNA的黑色素瘤瘤MV3细胞系MMP-2表达下调;免疫组化结果显示,实验组裸鼠黑色素瘤瘤体及转移灶组织MMP-2的表达低于对照组。结论 shRNA介导的CXCR4基因沉默在体外实验能够显著抑制黑色素瘤细胞的生长和增殖活性,减弱体外侵袭能力,且体外产生抑瘤效应,明显降低肝、脑器官转移能力和定向肺转移能力。其机制可能与SDF-1/CXCR4信号途径阻断,进而抑制MMP-2的表达有关。 相似文献
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目的 研究连花清瘟胶囊对慢性阻塞性肺病(Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease,COPD)大鼠模型气道炎症的影响。方法 香烟熏吸法复制COPD大鼠模型。采用随机平行对照的实验方法,将30只清洁级Wistar大鼠随机分为对照组、COPD模型组和连花清瘟胶囊治疗组,每组各10只。肺组织切片行苏木精-伊红染色,测定各组大鼠血清、肺组织匀浆及支气管肺泡灌洗液(Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,BALF)中白介素8 (IL-8)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的含量。结果 模型组大鼠血清、肺组织匀浆及BALF中IL-8和TNF-α含量较对照组明显升高(P < 0.01)。与模型组相比较, 连花清瘟胶囊治疗组血清、肺组织及BALF中IL-8和TNF-α含量显著降低(P < 0.01)。结论 连花清瘟胶囊具有抑制COPD气道炎症的作用。 相似文献
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Objective To investigate the relationship between thyroid nodules with calcification and thyroid carcinoma and its significance in the screening of thyroid carcinoma in high risk group.Methods The clinical data of 1771 patient undergoing surgery for thyroid nodules from March, 2006 to March, 2009 in Huashan Hospital, Fudan University were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among 1771 patients, 500 were finally identified as having malignant tumors. Incidence of calcification in thyroid carcinoma was 68. 4%, and that in benign thyroid nodules was 27.0% ( χ2 = 259. 5, P < 0. 05 ). The specificity of microcalcification for the diagnosis of carcinoma was 89. 4%, and its positive predictive value was 66. 3% ( χ2 = 368.6, P < 0. 01 ). The incidence of thyroid carcinoma in patients < 45 years was 39.2%, while that in patients ≥ 45 years was 22.9% ( χ2 = 51.12, P < 0. 05 ). The incidence of carcinoma in patients of single thyroid nodule was 31.7% and that in those with multiple nodules was 26. 4% (χ2 =4. 766,P < 0. 05). Metastasis was pathologically diagnosed in 26. 8% of lymph nodes found by preoperative ultrasonography. Conclusions The specificity of thyroid nodule calcification, especially microcalcification is high for the diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma. High-risk index for carcinoma includes thyroid nodules with microcalcification, < 45 years old and single thyroid nodule. 相似文献
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胰头癌切除标本淋巴结检出方法的比较 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
目的 寻找一种简便、全面的检出胰头癌根治性术后标本中淋巴结的方法 ,以有利于准确评定其病理分期。方法 对 4 2例根治性切除术后的胰头癌标本分别采用常规病理取材法、手术显微镜法、清洗法和简化连续切片法寻找或鉴别淋巴结 ,并进行比较。结果 清洗法和简化连续切片法操作繁复、费时 ,不适合实际应用。手术显微镜法所找到的淋巴结数约为常规病理取材法的 3倍。 2 4例采用手术显微镜法寻找淋巴结的胰头癌标本中 ,证实 17例伴有淋巴结转移 (转移率为 70 .8% ) ,而常规病理取材法组证实的转移率为 5 0 % (P<0 .0 1)。并且淋巴结转移和淋巴结大小无关 ,在发生转移的淋巴结中 <5 mm的淋巴结占 37.2 %。结论 手术显微镜法是一种简便、经济、有效的方法。 相似文献
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目的 探讨核基质结合区结合蛋白,富含A-T序列特异性结合蛋白1(special A-T rich sequence binding protein 1,SATB1)对乳腺癌干细胞表型CD44+/CD24-的影响及机制。 方法 用SATB1相关小干扰RNA(SATB1 related small interfering RNA,SATB1-siRNA)双链寡核糖核酸干扰MDA-MB-231细胞;pEGFP-N1 -SATB1-GFP真核表达质粒瞬时转染MCF7细胞后,流式细胞术检测SATB1对乳腺癌干细胞表型CD44+/CD24-表达的影响。结果 MCF7细胞转染SATB1后,表达CD44+/CD24-的细胞比例明显升高;MDA-MB-231细胞在SATB1-siRNA干扰后,表达CD44+/CD24-的细胞比例明显降低(P<0.05)。结论 SATB1可能在形成并维持乳腺癌肿瘤干细胞特性中起重要作用。 相似文献
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目的观察雌激素受体(ER)B在正常结直肠黏膜、腺瘤、癌组织中表达的情况。方法选取我院2003年11月至2004年1月门诊活检和住院接受手术的患者68例。采用免疫组织化学法测定ERB在正常结直肠黏膜、腺瘤、癌组织中的表达。结果结直肠癌组织中ERB表达的阳性率为72.2oA(26/36例),显著高于正常结直肠黏膜的26.7%(4/15例,P〈0.05),腺瘤中ERp表达的阳性率为41.2%(7/17例)。ERβ的表达与性别、结直肠癌的分化程度、侵犯深度和淋巴结转移情况均无关。结论ERβ在结直肠癌组织中表达升高,但其表达与性别、结直肠癌的分化程度、侵犯深度和淋巴结转移情况无关。由于正常黏膜上皮细胞与结直肠癌细胞染色不同,我们认为结肠癌在发生、发展的过程中ERβ的构型发生变化。 相似文献
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目的 探讨甲状腺结节合并钙化与甲状腺癌的关系及其对甲状腺癌高危人群筛选的临床意义.方法 回顾性分析2006年3月至2009年3月行甲状腺手术的1771例患者中甲状腺结节合并不同类型钙化的甲状腺癌发生率.结果 本组病例中恶性肿瘤500例,甲状腺癌的钙化发生率为68.4%,良性疾病中的钙化发生率为27.0%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=259.5,P<0.05).微钙化诊断甲状腺癌的特异性为89.4%,阳性预测值为66.3%,与其在良性疾病中的差异有统计学意义(χ2=368.6,P<0.01).年龄<45岁的甲状腺癌发生率为39.2%,≥45岁的甲状腺癌发生率为22.9%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=51.12,P<0.05).单发结节的甲状腺癌发生率为31.7%,多发结节为26.4%,两者差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.766,P<0.05).B超显示淋巴结肿大最终证实为甲状腺癌转移的比例为26.8%.结论 钙化尤其是微钙化对于诊断甲状腺癌的特异性较高,具有重要的临床意义.甲状腺癌的高危人群包括:甲状腺结节合并微钙化、年龄<45岁及单发结节.Abstract: Objective To investigate the relationship between thyroid nodules with calcification and thyroid carcinoma and its significance in the screening of thyroid carcinoma in high risk group.Methods The clinical data of 1771 patient undergoing surgery for thyroid nodules from March, 2006 to March, 2009 in Huashan Hospital, Fudan University were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among 1771 patients, 500 were finally identified as having malignant tumors. Incidence of calcification in thyroid carcinoma was 68. 4%, and that in benign thyroid nodules was 27.0% ( χ2 = 259. 5, P < 0. 05 ). The specificity of microcalcification for the diagnosis of carcinoma was 89. 4%, and its positive predictive value was 66. 3% ( χ2 = 368.6, P < 0. 01 ). The incidence of thyroid carcinoma in patients < 45 years was 39.2%, while that in patients ≥ 45 years was 22.9% ( χ2 = 51.12, P < 0. 05 ). The incidence of carcinoma in patients of single thyroid nodule was 31.7% and that in those with multiple nodules was 26. 4% (χ2 =4. 766,P < 0. 05). Metastasis was pathologically diagnosed in 26. 8% of lymph nodes found by preoperative ultrasonography. Conclusions The specificity of thyroid nodule calcification, especially microcalcification is high for the diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma. High-risk index for carcinoma includes thyroid nodules with microcalcification, < 45 years old and single thyroid nodule. 相似文献
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Objective To investigate the relationship between thyroid nodules with calcification and thyroid carcinoma and its significance in the screening of thyroid carcinoma in high risk group.Methods The clinical data of 1771 patient undergoing surgery for thyroid nodules from March, 2006 to March, 2009 in Huashan Hospital, Fudan University were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among 1771 patients, 500 were finally identified as having malignant tumors. Incidence of calcification in thyroid carcinoma was 68. 4%, and that in benign thyroid nodules was 27.0% ( χ2 = 259. 5, P < 0. 05 ). The specificity of microcalcification for the diagnosis of carcinoma was 89. 4%, and its positive predictive value was 66. 3% ( χ2 = 368.6, P < 0. 01 ). The incidence of thyroid carcinoma in patients < 45 years was 39.2%, while that in patients ≥ 45 years was 22.9% ( χ2 = 51.12, P < 0. 05 ). The incidence of carcinoma in patients of single thyroid nodule was 31.7% and that in those with multiple nodules was 26. 4% (χ2 =4. 766,P < 0. 05). Metastasis was pathologically diagnosed in 26. 8% of lymph nodes found by preoperative ultrasonography. Conclusions The specificity of thyroid nodule calcification, especially microcalcification is high for the diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma. High-risk index for carcinoma includes thyroid nodules with microcalcification, < 45 years old and single thyroid nodule. 相似文献