低年资护士穿刺留置针保留时间短的原因分析与对策

静脉留置针已广泛应用到临床输液患者中,尤其在神经内科这样以慢性疾病为主、老年患者居多、抢救危重患者频繁的科室,应用更为广泛。静脉留置针可减少静脉穿刺次数,保护老年患者的血管,减轻患者的痛苦,方便危重患者进行抢     

继发于急性早幼粒细胞白血病的治疗相关性急性单核细胞白血病一例

患者 ,男 ,14岁 ,因诊断急性早幼粒细胞白血病 (APL) 31个月 ,发现血常规异常 3d于 2 0 0 2年 1月 8日入院。患者首次发病于 1999年 4月 ,因面色苍白、皮肤有出血点入院。血常规 :Hb 6 4g L ,WBC 1.1× 10 9 L ,BPC 2 3× 10 9 L。骨髓象 :增生明显活跃 ,原始细胞 0 .0 4 0 ,异常早幼粒细胞 0 .72 0 ,该类细胞胞体大且有瘤状突出 ,胞核大且有扭曲折叠或凹陷 ,染色质呈颗粒状 ,核仁大 ,1～ 3个 ,胞浆灰蓝色 ,大部分充满细小的紫红色颗粒 ,极少数胞浆内有粗颗粒 ,可见Auer小体。POX染色强阳性率 10 0 % ,诊断为APL。DIC筛选试验 :AP…     

原发性小血管炎致急性肾功能衰竭1例

原发性小血管炎(PSV)是一组主要累及小血管(毛细血管、小静脉、微小动脉等),以血管壁坏死性炎症、纤维素样坏死为病理性特征的系统性病变,为一种系统性自身免疫性疾病.可累及全身多个脏器,其中以肾脏损害最为突出,往往呈恶性进展,造成不可逆的终末期肾功能衰竭,现将我们诊治的原发性小血管炎致急性肾功能衰竭1例报道如下.     

一株新的急性髓系白血病细胞系SH-2的建立及其鉴定

Objective To establish and characterize a novel human myeloid leukemia cell line SH-2. Methods Bone marrow mononuclear cells(BMMNC) isolated from a AML-M2 patient, who failed to ob-tain complete remission after chemotherapy and allogenic bone marrow transplantation were passed in a long term IMDM culture medium supplemented with 20% fetal calf serum. Stromal cells were retained and rh-IL-3was added in the culture system. A new human myeloid leukemia cell line SH-2 was successfully established with a cytogeuetic characteristics of a loss of Y chromosome(- Y), a derivative chromosome 16 resulting from unbalanced translocation between chromosome 16 and 17, monosome 17, trisomy 19 and p53 alteration. Vari-ous methods were employed to characterize SH-2 cell line. Results SH-2 cells has been maintained without cytokine and stromal cells for more than 3 years without EB virus and mycoplasma contamination. SH-2 cells had the basically same morphological, immunophenotypic and cytogenetic features as the patient' s leukemia cells did, such as myeloid morphology, an immunophenotype of CD13+ , CD33+ , CD56+ , CD16/56+ and a hypodiploid karyotype of 45, X, - Y, der(16) t(16;17) (q24;q12) , - 17, + 19, which were gradually de-creased and replaced by the near-tetraploid cells with a karyotype of 73 - 102 (80), XX, - Y, - Y, del (lq31) ×2, der(16)t(16;17) (q24;q12) ×2, - 17, - 17, + 19, + 19. FISH and multiple FISH delineated all the abnormalities and revealed a loss of one p53 allele due to monosomy 17. DNA direct sequencing detec-ted a point mutation of CAG to CAT at codon 576 of exon 5 in another p53 allele. RT-PCR showed that SH-2 cells expressed apoptosis-related genes (bcl-2, Fas, GST- π and p21) rather than MDR-related genes. Short tandem repeat PCR provided powerful evidence for the derivation of SH-2 cell line from the patient' s leukemia cells. SH-2 cells had certain colony formation and tumorigenic capacities in nude and SCID mice. Conclu-sion SH-2 is a new myeloid leukemia cell line with a unique biology background, and will provide a useful tool for leukemia research.     

多重荧光原位杂交检测骨髓增生异常综合征患者复杂核型异常

目的 探讨多重荧光原位杂交（M-FISH）技术存骨髓增牛异常综合征（MDS）患者复杂核型异常检测中的应用价值。方法 对10例常规R显带具有复杂染色体异常（CCA）的MDS患者应用M-FISH确定复杂染色体的重排及标记染色体的组成，识刖并确定微小易位。结果 M-FISH共检出37种结构重排，包括插入易位、缺夫、易值及衍生染色体，其中34种为不平衡重排；3种为平衡重排，包括：t（6；22）（q21；q12）、t（9；19）（q13；p13）和t（3；5）（？；？），有7种重排文献未见报道，涉及17号染色体的异常及-5／5q-最为常见（10例患者中两种异常各占7例）。结论 对伴有CCA的MDS患者M-FISH技术可以明确常规细胞遗传学（CC）分析中复杂染色体异常，并发现和纠正CC分析中漏检及误检的异常，为MDS患者染色体异常的分析提供了一种较理想的方法。     

一株新的急性髓系白血病细胞系SH-2的建立及其鉴定

Objective To establish and characterize a novel human myeloid leukemia cell line SH-2. Methods Bone marrow mononuclear cells(BMMNC) isolated from a AML-M2 patient, who failed to ob-tain complete remission after chemotherapy and allogenic bone marrow transplantation were passed in a long term IMDM culture medium supplemented with 20% fetal calf serum. Stromal cells were retained and rh-IL-3was added in the culture system. A new human myeloid leukemia cell line SH-2 was successfully established with a cytogeuetic characteristics of a loss of Y chromosome(- Y), a derivative chromosome 16 resulting from unbalanced translocation between chromosome 16 and 17, monosome 17, trisomy 19 and p53 alteration. Vari-ous methods were employed to characterize SH-2 cell line. Results SH-2 cells has been maintained without cytokine and stromal cells for more than 3 years without EB virus and mycoplasma contamination. SH-2 cells had the basically same morphological, immunophenotypic and cytogenetic features as the patient' s leukemia cells did, such as myeloid morphology, an immunophenotype of CD13+ , CD33+ , CD56+ , CD16/56+ and a hypodiploid karyotype of 45, X, - Y, der(16) t(16;17) (q24;q12) , - 17, + 19, which were gradually de-creased and replaced by the near-tetraploid cells with a karyotype of 73 - 102 (80), XX, - Y, - Y, del (lq31) ×2, der(16)t(16;17) (q24;q12) ×2, - 17, - 17, + 19, + 19. FISH and multiple FISH delineated all the abnormalities and revealed a loss of one p53 allele due to monosomy 17. DNA direct sequencing detec-ted a point mutation of CAG to CAT at codon 576 of exon 5 in another p53 allele. RT-PCR showed that SH-2 cells expressed apoptosis-related genes (bcl-2, Fas, GST- π and p21) rather than MDR-related genes. Short tandem repeat PCR provided powerful evidence for the derivation of SH-2 cell line from the patient' s leukemia cells. SH-2 cells had certain colony formation and tumorigenic capacities in nude and SCID mice. Conclu-sion SH-2 is a new myeloid leukemia cell line with a unique biology background, and will provide a useful tool for leukemia research.     

中药筋脉通对糖尿病大鼠背根神经节UCP3和IGF-1表达的影响

目的观察中药筋脉通对链尿佐菌素(STZ)诱导的糖尿病(DM)大鼠背根神经节(DRG)解耦联蛋白3(UCP3)和胰岛素样生长因子(IGF-1)的表达的影响。方法将大鼠随机分为正常对照组、糖尿病模型组(腹腔内注射STZ、筋脉通及牛磺酸治疗组)。成模后每天1次灌胃给药,持续16周。电子Von Frey仪检测机械痛阈值,免疫组化法和real time-PCR法分别检测DRG中UCP3和IGF-1蛋白及mRNA的表达。结果与正常对照组相比,糖尿病大鼠出现机械痛阈值下降,DRG中UCP3和IGF-1蛋白及mRNA表达水平明显下降(P0.01);中药筋脉通组可改善糖尿病大鼠周围神经痛阈下降(P0.01),并且能够使DRG中UCP3和IGF-1蛋白及mRNA表达水平显著回升(P0.01)。结论中药筋脉通可通过增加DRG神经组织中UCP3含量,抑制氧化应激对背根神经的损伤,并通过上调神经营养因子IGF-1的含量,促进糖尿病大鼠周围神经修复能力,而改善其痛觉异常。     

以单纯红细胞性再生障碍性贫血为表现的骨髓增生异常综合征一例

患者男性 ,73岁。因头晕、乏力 9个月于 1999年 9月来我院就诊 ,此前曾在外院就诊服用叶酸、维生素B12 2个月无效。体检除贫血表现外无其他异常体征 ,查血常规为血红蛋白 5 5g/L ,白细胞 8 4× 10 9/L ,血小板 2 4 6× 10 9/L ,中性粒细胞 0 6 3,淋巴细胞 0 32 ,单核细胞 0 0 5 ;骨髓检查示增生明显活跃 ,粒红比为 2 9 4 :1 0 ,分类原粒细胞 0 0 15 ,早幼粒细胞 0 0 4 0 ,中幼粒细胞 0 195 ,晚幼粒细胞 0 10 5 ,杆状核细胞 0 36 5 ,分叶核粒细胞 0 0 75 ;原始红细胞 0 0 0 5 ,早幼红细胞 0 0 0 5 ,中幼红细胞以下阶段缺如 ;成…     

一例伴有46,XY,t(8;8;21)(q22;q12;q22)急性髓系白血病的临床和实验研究

患者 男,74岁,因全身皮肤瘀点、瘀斑1周于2007年4月来我院就诊.查体:神志清楚,全身皮肤散在瘀点、瘀斑,浅表淋巴结及肝、脾不肿大,胸骨有压痛.血常规:血红蛋白123g/L,白细胞3.8×109/L,血小板10×109/L;外周血分类:原始十幼稚细胞0.32.     

小儿呼吸道感染4种病原体检测结果分析

目的通过病原体检测,观察混合感染情况和病原体感染的季节相关性。方法采用ELISA间接检测法测定血清中各种病原体的IgM抗体。结果混合感染(2种以上病原体)占到总受检人数的61.74%,以支原体合并腺病毒感染最多;支原体检出率最高(71.66%),秋冬高发,其次为夏季;3种呼吸道病毒感染无季节性差异。结论病原体检测对呼吸道感染临床治疗、流行病学调查以及疫苗的研究有重大意义。