剖腹胆囊切除术与腹腔镜胆囊切除术胰岛素抵抗的差异

目的对比剖腹胆囊切除术(OC)和腹腔镜胆囊切除术(LC)的胰岛素抵抗程度和持续时间,以确定LC有更小的组织创伤。方法将53例择期手术病例分为OC组(28例)和LC组(25例),对比两组的生理学评分、住院时间及在术前、手术结束、术后24h、72h的胰岛素敏感性(IS)改变。结果LC组IS下降最多仅为8%,而OC组IS下降可达20%。两者有统计学差异(P<0.01)。结论LC术后IS改变较OC术后少,对机体的损伤小,有利于病人的康复。     

经十二指肠Oddi括约肌切开成形术的术后并发症

目的　探讨经十二指肠Oddi括约肌切开成形术的术后并发症。方法　本组 2 1 8例经十二指肠Oddi括约肌切开成形术。结果　全组术后并发症近期 1 2例 ,远期 5例 ,死亡 2例。全组随访 1 6 8例 ,随访时间 1～ 1 0年 ,随访率 77.2 7% (1 6 8/2 1 8)。优良率为 91 .76 % (2 0 0 /2 1 8)。结论　严格掌握适应证 ,掌握操作技巧 ,经十二指肠Oddi括约肌切开成形术 90 %以上病例可以达到令人满意的临床效果。     

胆总管探查切口的Ⅰ期缝合

目的：分析胆囊切除术胆总管探查阴性病例的处理方法。方法：回顾性分析５５２例良性病胆囊切除术连续病例。结果：胆总管探查３８０例中１５１例探查阴性，其中３１例胆总管Ⅱ期缝合，１２０例置Ｔ管引流。结论：胆总管探查阴性病例在术中胆道镜仔细检查的条件下，胆总管探查切口Ⅰ期缝合是安全的。     

高渗盐水联合羟乙基淀粉治疗严重脓毒症的研究

目的 评价7.5%高渗盐水(HS)联合6%羟乙基淀粉(HES)130/0.4对严重脓毒症患者早期液体复苏的效果.方法 采用前瞻性随机对照研究.选取江汉大学附属医院重症监护病房(ICU)135例严重脓毒症患者,入ICU时随机分成3组,每组45例.HS+HES组输注7.5%HS后输注6%HES 130/0.4 500 ml,再输注平衡液HES组输注6%HES 130/0.4后输注平衡液;平衡液组(RL组)仅输注平衡液.比较3组患者入ICU后6 h、24 h平均动脉压(MAP)、氧合指数(PaO2/FiO2)、动脉血乳酸、乳酸清除率、急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ)评分、输液量、尿量以及多器官功能障碍综合征(MODS)发生率和住院病死率.结果 入ICU后6 h,HS+HES组MAP[mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa):68.7±3.0]、PaO2/FiO2(mm Hg:262.2±17.4)、乳酸清除率[(21±4)%]较HES组[MAP:63.8±3.5,PaO2/FiO2:252.0±21.2,乳酸清除率:(11±2)%]和RL组[MAP:62.6±3.6,PaO2/FiO2:248.4±17.0,乳酸清除率:(9±1)%]显著增高(均P＜0.01),动脉血乳酸(mmol/L:3.5±0.7)较HES组(4.1±0.7)和RL组(4.0±0.7)显著下降(均P＜0.01);APACHE Ⅱ评分(分:13.2±1.9)与HES组(14.0±1.6)无明显差异,但显著低于RL组(15.2±1.7,P＜0.01).入ICU后24 h,HS+HES组PaO2/FiO2(mm Hg:303.3±17.3)显著高于HES组(282.9±21.1)和RL组(268.9±15.2,均P＜0.01),但3组间MAP、动脉血乳酸、乳酸清除率和APACHE Ⅱ评分均无差异.人ICU后6 h、24 h,HS+HES组输液量(ml,6 h:1 877.8±215.2,24 h:5 475.6±208.8)显著低于HES组(6 h:2 505.6±276.2,24 h:6 383.3±287.4)和RL组(6 h:3 496.7±325.5,24 h:7 439.6±229.6);尿量(ml,6 h:294.2±36.9,24 h:2 793.8±37.1)显著高于HES组(6 h:248.9±25.3,24 h:2 248.9±25.3)和RL组(6 h:178.9±14.8,24 h:2 000.4±147.0,均P＜0.01).HS+HES组MODS发生率(6.7%)远低于RL组(28.9%,P＜0.05),与HES组(17.8%)无差异(P＞0.05);3组间病死率无显著差异(HS+HES组2.2%,HES组4.4%,RL组8.9%,均P＞0.05).结论 7.5%HS联合6%HES 130/0.4能提高严重脓毒症患者早期液体复苏的效果,降低MODS发生率.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the effect of 7. 5% hypertonic saline(HS)and 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES)130/0.4 on early fluid resuscitation for severe sepsis. Methods Prospective randomized control trial was carried out in intensive care unit(ICU)of the Affiliated Hospital of Jianghan University. One hundred and thirty-five patients with severe sepsis were randomly divided into three groups, each group consisted of 45 patients. Patients in HS+HES group received lactated Ringer solution following 4 ml/kg of 7. 5%HS and 6%HES 130/0. 4 500 ml, those in HES group received lactated Ringer solution following 6%HES 130/0.4500 ml, and those in the lactated Ringer group(RL group)received lactated Ringer solution only. Mean arterial pressure(MAP), oxygenation index(PaO2/FiO2), arterial lactate(Lac), lactate clearance rate,acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ)score, fluid infusion volume, urine output as well as incidence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS), and mortality were compared among three groups at 6 hours and 24 hours after ICU admission. Results At 6 hours after ICU admission, MAP [mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0. 133 kPa): 68. 7±3. 0], PaO2/FiO2(mm Hg: 262.2±17.4), lactate clearance rate [(21±4)%]in HS+HES group were significantly higher than those in HES group[MAP: 63. 8±3.5,PaO2/FiO2: 252.0 ± 21.2, lactate clearance rate:(11± 2)%]and RL group[MAP: 62.6 ± 3. 6, PaO2/FiO2 :248. 4±17.0, lactate clearance rate:(9± 1)%, all P＜0. 01]. Arterial Lac in HS+HES group(mmol/L:3. 5±0. 7)was significantly lower than that in HES group(4. 1±0. 7)and RL group(4. 0±0. 7, both P＜0. 01). There was no significant difference in APACHE Ⅱ score between HS+HES group(13. 2±1.9)and HES group(14.0±1.6), and the APACHE Ⅱ score in HS+HES group was significantly lower than that in RL group(15. 2 ± 1.7, P＜ 0. 01). At 24 hours after ICU admission, PaO2/FiO2(mm Hg: 303.3 ± 17.3)was significantly higher in HS+HES group than that in HES group(282.9 ± 21.1)and RL group(268. 9 ±15.2,both P＜ 0.01). There was no significant difference in MAP, arterial Lac, lactate clearance rate and APACHE Ⅱ score among three groups. At 6 hours and 24 hours after ICU admission, fluid infusion volume in HS+HES group(ml, 6 hours: 1 877. 8±215. 2, 24 hours: 5 475.6±208.8)was markedly less than that in HES group(6 hours: 2 505.6±276.2, 24 hours: 6 383. 3±287.4)and RL group(6 hours: 3 496. 7±325.5, 24 hours: 7 439.6±229.6), yet urine output in HS+HES group(ml, 6 hours: 294.2±36.9,24 hours: 2 793.8 ±37.1)was significantly higher than that in HES group(6 hours: 248.9 ± 25. 3,24 hours: 2 248. 9±25. 3)and RL group(6 hours: 178. 9±14.8, 24 hours: 2 000. 4±147.0, all P＜0. 01).The incidence of MODS in HS+HES group(6.7%)was statistically lower than that in RL group(28. 9%,P＜0. 05), while no obvious difference was found between HS+HES group and HES group(17.8%, P＞0. 05). There was no significant difference in mortality among three groups(HS+HES group: 2.2%, HES group: 4.4%, RL group: 8.9%, all P＞0. 05). Conclusion 7.5%HS and 6%HES 130/0. 4 could improve the effect of early fluid resuscitation on severe sepsis, and it could lower the incidence of MODS.     

质子泵抑制剂在消化性溃疡并发症治疗中的作用

目的 探讨质子泵抑制剂(PPIs)在消化性溃疡并发症出血、穿孔和幽门梗阻治疗中的作用.方法 对我科2002年8月～2005年8月的消化性溃疡并发出血、穿孔和幽门梗阻的住院病例行回顾性分析,以前1年半病例为对照组,后1年半病例为试验组.结果 内镜止血成功后采用PPIs的新用法试验组3 d内、30 d内再出血率分别为3.22%、6.45%,3 d内平均输血量2.38±2.12 u,与对照组比较均有显著性差异(P＜0.05).空腹穿孔或穿孔在6 h以内者采用PPIs的新用法,试验组3周内穿孔非手术治疗治愈率、中转手术率分别为91.67%、4.17%,与对照组比较均有显著性差异(P＜0.05).幽门良性梗阻者采用PPIs新用法和内镜球囊扩张,成功率达72.73%.结论 PPIs新用法对巩固消化性溃疡并发症出血、穿孔和幽门梗阻非手术治疗的疗效起到了举足轻重的作用.