消灭麻风释疑

1991年5月世界卫生会议(WHA)决定到2000年消灭麻风使之不再成为一个公共卫生问题。两年来对2000年消灭(Elimination)麻风的确切含义提出了一些疑问;其中有些是出于误解,因此有必要加以说明,希望能消除这些疑问,     

聚合酶链式反应和麻风

本文对当前有关聚合酶链式反应应用于致病性分支杆菌病,特别是该技术在麻风病研究中的潜力的文献进行了复习。文中涉及了聚合酶链式反应方法的基本原理,程序,敏感性,特异性,用于麻风病诊断的理论基础,聚合酶链式反应标本的制备,实验中易犯的错误以及在麻风病方面的应用前景等。     

麻风菌的胞壁抗原及其血清学活性

近十年麻风的血清学研究已有很大进展。目前麻风菌(ML)含碳水化合物和脂的胞壁抗原应用最广泛。ML的表面抗原像所有分枝菌一样是以碳水化合物为基础的,主要有三类,即酚糖脂(PGL)、脂阿拉伯甘露聚糖(Lipoafabinomannan)     

儿童气管内错构瘤1例

患儿,女,10岁,因间断咳嗽气喘2年,加重10d入院。2年前患儿受凉后开始出现咳嗽伴有气喘,经抗感染治疗后可缓解,但此后易反复发作,曾数次因“支气管肺炎”、“支气管哮喘”等住院治疗。10d前患儿再次出现咳嗽伴有气喘,并出现进行性呼吸困难,端坐呼吸,不能平躺,在当地治疗无好转后     

骨刺贴膏治疗膝部骨性关节病60例

膝部骨性关节病,又称膝关节增生性关节炎,是中老年人的常见病、多发病,临床上以膝关节疼痛、肿胀、活动受限为主要表现。笔者从1999年3月始,以骨刺贴膏外敷治疗膝部骨性关节病60例,疗效满意,现报道如下。1　临床资料本组60例中,门诊病人36例,住院病人24例;男35例,女25例;年龄最小45岁,最大65岁,平均54岁;病程最短2周,最长10年;左膝21例,右膝27例,双膝12例;病情轻度16例,中度24例,重度20例;有外伤史56例,无明确诱因而发作4例。西医诊断标准　参照《外科学》[1]和《临床骨科学》[2]制定。1好发于中老年人;2临床表现:膝关节疼痛或肿胀,关节活动…     

SARS冠状病毒刺突蛋白编码基因及氨基酸序列的同源性分析

①目的 分析严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)冠状病毒刺突蛋白(S蛋白)编码基因及氨基酸序列的变异情况，并在GenBank中寻找其同源序列。②方法 将网上公布的具有全基因序列的12株SARS冠状病毒S蛋白的编码基因序列及氨基酸序列应用Clustal W方法对排分析变异情况，并应用GenBank的Blast对排功能寻找被GenBank收录的同源序列。③结果 SARS冠状病毒S蛋白相对比较保守，变异率较低，其氨基酸序列与鼠的肝炎病毒氨基酸序列有较高的同源性，某些核苷酸序列与人的基因组有同源性。④结论 S蛋白编码基因及氨基酸序列相对保守，为预防性疫苗的研发提供了可行性；据其同源基因及蛋白序列可以预测S蛋白的二、三级结构，对推测SARS可能的发病机制有积极作用。     

Clinical study on effect of Astragalus Injection (黄芪注射液) and its immuno-regulation action in treating chronic aplastic anemia

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of Astragalus Injection(黄芪注射液,AI) and its immuno-regulatory action in treating chronic aplastic anemia(CAA).Methods:Sixty patients with CAA were randomly assigned to two groups equally,both were treated with Stanozolol three times a day,2 mg each time through oral intake,but AI was given additionally to the patients in the treated group once a day via intravenous dripping.All were treated for 15 days as one therapeutic course and the whole medication lasted for more than 4 months totally,with follow-up adopted.The clinical effi cacy was estimated and the changes of T-lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood as well as the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-2(IL-2) were observed.Results:The total effective rate in the treated group was 83.3%(25/30),which was higher than that in the control group 66.7%(20/30),showing significant difference between them(P<0.05).Levels of hemoglobin,WBC,reticular cell and platelet were elevated in both groups after treatment,but the improvement was signif icantly better in the treated group than that in the control group with respect to the former three indexes(P<0.05).The level of CD4 increased and that of CD8 decreased signifi cantly after treatment in the treated group(P<0.05),which showed significant difference as compared with those in the control group(P<0.05).Levels of serum TNF-α and IL-2 lowered after treatment in both groups,but signifi cance only showed in the treated group(P<0.05).The degree of proliferation in bone marrow got raised signifi cantly and the percentage of non-hemopoietic cells reduced signifi cantly in the treated group after treatment,also showing significant difference to those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:AI could promote the recovery of hemopoietic function,which might be through improving T-lymphocyte subsets and reducing the release of negative regulatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-2 to alleviate the inhibition on hemopoietic function.     

抗原呈递细胞外质体的研究进展

抗原呈递细胞(APC)在胞吐过程中,向细胞外分泌一种称为exosome的膜性小泡,含有丰富的MHC 分子和共刺激分子等,可以作为MIHC-肽复合物的运输工具,在细胞间传递抗原信息。经肿瘤抗原冲击树突细胞所 释放的外质体能直接或间接地刺激T细胞,从而产生强大的抗肿瘤免疫应答,有望成为新的非细胞免疫治疗载体。     

10-23 DNA enzyme及其在抗病毒基因治疗中的应用

10-23 DNA enzyme是一种高效且广泛催化RNA切割反应的单链DNA分子.由于它能在RNA分子的A·U位点切割,因而理论上它可切割任何mRNA的翻译起始密码AUG,目前已在多种领域的基因治疗中发挥重要的作用.本文对10-23 DNA enzyme在抗病毒基因治疗上的应用进展进行了综述.     

麻风病人循环免疫复合物对麻风杆菌抗原诱导的健康人淋巴细胞增殖反应的抑制作用

为了观察循环免疫复合物(如CICs)在抑制麻风杆菌诱导的淋巴细胞增殖反应方面是否起到了显著作用,作者进行了研究。 材料与方法:抗原采用犰狳来源的麻风杆菌(ML)的无细胞抽提物(CFE)和精制的纯蛋白衍生物(PPD)。用聚乙二醇(PEG)沉淀麻风病人(TT/BT4例,BL/LL5例,ENL4例)血中的CICs,以4名健康的麻风实验工作者作对照。致敏的单个核细胞取自健康的