“T”管拔除后胆漏8例分析

胆总管探查“Ｔ”管引流术后拔除“Ｔ”管可因拔管而致胆漏。本文就我院自１９８４年以来常规拔除“Ｔ”管并发胆漏８例分析如下。１临床资料１．１临床病例及处理本组男５例,女３例,年龄２０～６７岁,平均４３岁。胆总管结石２例术后１４天拔管,分别于拔管后５小时、...     

老年失智失能量表的质量评价

目的 对老年失智失能量表进行可行性和信效度分析.方法 采取方便抽样方法纳入成都市十三大区县共17个调查点的痴呆患者290例,使用基本资料调查表、简易精神状态评价量表(MMSE)、神经精神问卷(NPI)、躯体生活自理量表(PSMS)和老年失智失能量表进行评定.采用Cronbach'sα系数、Spearman-Brown系...     

移植物局部Th1和Th2型细胞因子在猪胰肾联合移植门脉和体静脉回流术式的表达及其意义

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of local Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the grafts of pig simultaneous pancreas-kidney with portal versus systemic venous drainage. Methods Fifty-eight non-related and first hybrid landraces were divided into Sham (n = 10), PE (portal-enteric drainage) (n =24) and SE ( systemic-enteric drainage) (n =24) groups. Type 1 diabetic mellitus was induced by whole pancreatectomy ,and right-side nephrectomy was also performed in the recipients. The pigs in sham group were only subjected to ]aparotomy. The portal vein was anastomosed to superior mesenteric vein of the recipient in PE group or to the inferior hepatic cava of the recipients in SE group. The tissues of the graft pancreas and kidney were obtained by surgery for detecting the expression of mRNA and protein of IFN-γand IL4 by RT-PCR and ELISA on the day 3,and 7 after transplantation. Results Compared with sham group,the local expression of mRNA and protein of IFN in the graft pancreas and kidney of both SE and PE groups was significantly up-regulated ( P < 0. 05 ) ( On the day 7, protein expression in sham, SE, and PE groups :in the graft pancreas, [ (3.36±0.25 ), (7.72±0.67 ), and ( 6.52±0.34 ) pg/mg protein ];in the graft kidney, [ ( 3.66±0.28 ), ( 10.83±1.48 ), and (7.79±0.60) pg/mg protein ]. The local expression of mRNA and protein of IL-4 was significantly up-regulated in PE group (P < 0.05 ), but down-regulated or no expression was detected in group SE (on the day 7, protein expression in sham, SE, and PE groups:in the graft pancreas, [ (7.18±0.16), (6.10±0.16) ,and (20.66±1.47) pg/mg protein];in the graft kidney, [ (5.74±0.48) ,(10.38±0.92) ,and ( 19.66±1.57) pg/mg protein]. Conclusion That the blood flow of graft pancreas passes by liver in SPK with PVD can induce a Th1 to Th2 inmaune shift. This may be one of mechanisms of immunologic benefits of PVD.     

移植物局部Th1和Th2型细胞因子在猪胰肾联合移植门脉和体静脉回流术式的表达及其意义

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of local Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the grafts of pig simultaneous pancreas-kidney with portal versus systemic venous drainage. Methods Fifty-eight non-related and first hybrid landraces were divided into Sham (n = 10), PE (portal-enteric drainage) (n =24) and SE ( systemic-enteric drainage) (n =24) groups. Type 1 diabetic mellitus was induced by whole pancreatectomy ,and right-side nephrectomy was also performed in the recipients. The pigs in sham group were only subjected to ]aparotomy. The portal vein was anastomosed to superior mesenteric vein of the recipient in PE group or to the inferior hepatic cava of the recipients in SE group. The tissues of the graft pancreas and kidney were obtained by surgery for detecting the expression of mRNA and protein of IFN-γand IL4 by RT-PCR and ELISA on the day 3,and 7 after transplantation. Results Compared with sham group,the local expression of mRNA and protein of IFN in the graft pancreas and kidney of both SE and PE groups was significantly up-regulated ( P < 0. 05 ) ( On the day 7, protein expression in sham, SE, and PE groups :in the graft pancreas, [ (3.36±0.25 ), (7.72±0.67 ), and ( 6.52±0.34 ) pg/mg protein ];in the graft kidney, [ ( 3.66±0.28 ), ( 10.83±1.48 ), and (7.79±0.60) pg/mg protein ]. The local expression of mRNA and protein of IL-4 was significantly up-regulated in PE group (P < 0.05 ), but down-regulated or no expression was detected in group SE (on the day 7, protein expression in sham, SE, and PE groups:in the graft pancreas, [ (7.18±0.16), (6.10±0.16) ,and (20.66±1.47) pg/mg protein];in the graft kidney, [ (5.74±0.48) ,(10.38±0.92) ,and ( 19.66±1.57) pg/mg protein]. Conclusion That the blood flow of graft pancreas passes by liver in SPK with PVD can induce a Th1 to Th2 inmaune shift. This may be one of mechanisms of immunologic benefits of PVD.     

移植物局部Th1和Th2型细胞因子在猪胰肾联合移植门脉和体静脉回流术式的表达及其意义

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of local Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the grafts of pig simultaneous pancreas-kidney with portal versus systemic venous drainage. Methods Fifty-eight non-related and first hybrid landraces were divided into Sham (n = 10), PE (portal-enteric drainage) (n =24) and SE ( systemic-enteric drainage) (n =24) groups. Type 1 diabetic mellitus was induced by whole pancreatectomy ,and right-side nephrectomy was also performed in the recipients. The pigs in sham group were only subjected to ]aparotomy. The portal vein was anastomosed to superior mesenteric vein of the recipient in PE group or to the inferior hepatic cava of the recipients in SE group. The tissues of the graft pancreas and kidney were obtained by surgery for detecting the expression of mRNA and protein of IFN-γand IL4 by RT-PCR and ELISA on the day 3,and 7 after transplantation. Results Compared with sham group,the local expression of mRNA and protein of IFN in the graft pancreas and kidney of both SE and PE groups was significantly up-regulated ( P < 0. 05 ) ( On the day 7, protein expression in sham, SE, and PE groups :in the graft pancreas, [ (3.36±0.25 ), (7.72±0.67 ), and ( 6.52±0.34 ) pg/mg protein ];in the graft kidney, [ ( 3.66±0.28 ), ( 10.83±1.48 ), and (7.79±0.60) pg/mg protein ]. The local expression of mRNA and protein of IL-4 was significantly up-regulated in PE group (P < 0.05 ), but down-regulated or no expression was detected in group SE (on the day 7, protein expression in sham, SE, and PE groups:in the graft pancreas, [ (7.18±0.16), (6.10±0.16) ,and (20.66±1.47) pg/mg protein];in the graft kidney, [ (5.74±0.48) ,(10.38±0.92) ,and ( 19.66±1.57) pg/mg protein]. Conclusion That the blood flow of graft pancreas passes by liver in SPK with PVD can induce a Th1 to Th2 inmaune shift. This may be one of mechanisms of immunologic benefits of PVD.     

重症胰腺炎病死原因分析:附144例

Objective To explore the main causes for death due to severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) to improve the level of diagnosis and treatment. Methods The clinical data of 1162 SAP cases treated in our hospital from June 1997 to May 2005 were retrospectively analyzed. Among which, 144patients (12. 39%) died, 82(7.06%)abandoned treatment and 936(80.55%)were cured. Results the APACHE Ⅱ scores and pancreas Balthazar CT scores of the death group were higher than that of the survival group. The percentage of single one organ dysfunction and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) was significantly higher in the death group than in the survival group. The mortality rate of SAP without obvious inducing factors was significantly higher than that of SAP with inducing factors. Conclusion Integrated traditional and western non-surgical treatment is effective for SAP.The treatment for SAP without obvious inducing factors is a challenge. The mortality rate of SAP is primarily related to the pathological changes of pancreas and the patient's general condition. Early diagnosis and treatment is important to decrease mortality rate and maintaining the function of important organs is basic to ensure curative effect.     

侧视十二指肠镜诊治胃Billroth Ⅱ式术后胆管结石

目的 探讨侧视十二指肠镜Billroth-Ⅱ式术后胆管结石的诊治技术.方法 用侧视十二指肠镜对152例Billroth-Ⅱ式术后的患者进行ERCP检查的同时43例经内镜乳头括约肌切开(EST)、6例经内镜乳头气囊扩张术(EPBD)取石.结果 152例ERCP成功119(78.3％)例,失败33(21.7％)例.49例EST及取石治疗,成功41(83.7％)例,并发消化道大出血4例.全组诊疗无消化道穿孔及死亡患者.结论 侧视十二指肠镜进行Billroth-Ⅱ式术后胆管结石的诊治成功率较高,临床实用.     

胰管结石的诊治体会

近年来，随着影像诊断技术的发展，加之人们对胰管结石认识的进一步深入，其检出率明显提高。在此回顾我院1998年1月-2004年11月间行手术治疗的胰管结石患者56例，现报告如下。     

猪胰肾联合移植门静脉回流和体静脉回流术式对急性排斥反应的影响

目的 比较胰肾联合移植门静脉回流（PE）和体静脉回流（SE）两种术式对移植物急性排斥反应的影响.方法 48例无亲缘当地杂交第1代长白猪,随机分成PE组（24只）和SE组（24只）,每组内行交叉配血,相合者组成供受猪.切除受猪胰腺制成1型糖尿病模型,同时切除右肾.PE组门静脉与受猪肠系膜上静脉或门静脉行端侧吻合,SE组门静脉与受猪肝下下腔静脉吻合,外分泌均采用肠道引流.术后1、3、5、7 d监测血糖和移植肾尿液肌酐水平;术后3、7 d开腹取移植胰和肾组织行病理学检查,参照Nakhleh和Banff标准对移植胰腺和肾进行排斥反应评分.结果 PE组和SE组各行12例移植手术,两组移植物冷缺血时间差异无统计学意义[PE组为（231.25±19.86）min ;SE组为（234.60±15.80） min,P〉0.05].两组术后1、3、5、7 d血糖和移植肾尿液肌酐水平差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.SE组较PE组移植胰腺和肾急性排斥反应发生早且重,两组急性排斥反应病理评分差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 猪胰肾联合移植内分泌PE与SE相比,可减轻和延缓急性排斥反应.     

移植物局部Th1和Th2型细胞因子在猪胰肾联合移植门脉和体静脉回流术式的表达及其意义

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of local Th1 and Th2 cytokines in the grafts of pig simultaneous pancreas-kidney with portal versus systemic venous drainage. Methods Fifty-eight non-related and first hybrid landraces were divided into Sham (n = 10), PE (portal-enteric drainage) (n =24) and SE ( systemic-enteric drainage) (n =24) groups. Type 1 diabetic mellitus was induced by whole pancreatectomy ,and right-side nephrectomy was also performed in the recipients. The pigs in sham group were only subjected to ]aparotomy. The portal vein was anastomosed to superior mesenteric vein of the recipient in PE group or to the inferior hepatic cava of the recipients in SE group. The tissues of the graft pancreas and kidney were obtained by surgery for detecting the expression of mRNA and protein of IFN-γand IL4 by RT-PCR and ELISA on the day 3,and 7 after transplantation. Results Compared with sham group,the local expression of mRNA and protein of IFN in the graft pancreas and kidney of both SE and PE groups was significantly up-regulated ( P < 0. 05 ) ( On the day 7, protein expression in sham, SE, and PE groups :in the graft pancreas, [ (3.36±0.25 ), (7.72±0.67 ), and ( 6.52±0.34 ) pg/mg protein ];in the graft kidney, [ ( 3.66±0.28 ), ( 10.83±1.48 ), and (7.79±0.60) pg/mg protein ]. The local expression of mRNA and protein of IL-4 was significantly up-regulated in PE group (P < 0.05 ), but down-regulated or no expression was detected in group SE (on the day 7, protein expression in sham, SE, and PE groups:in the graft pancreas, [ (7.18±0.16), (6.10±0.16) ,and (20.66±1.47) pg/mg protein];in the graft kidney, [ (5.74±0.48) ,(10.38±0.92) ,and ( 19.66±1.57) pg/mg protein]. Conclusion That the blood flow of graft pancreas passes by liver in SPK with PVD can induce a Th1 to Th2 inmaune shift. This may be one of mechanisms of immunologic benefits of PVD.