静脉吸毒人群HIV、HCV、HBV和梅毒螺旋体感染的血清学检测结果分析

目的:了解静脉吸毒人群HIV、HCV、HBV及梅毒螺旋体的感染现状.方法:收集362名静脉吸毒人员血液标本,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清抗HIV抗体、抗HCV抗体、HBsAg;采用TRUST试验检测梅毒螺旋体非特异性抗体.结果:362名静脉吸毒人群HIV感染率为4.14%,抗HCV抗体检出率为80.39%...     

透析患者的丙型肝炎

透析患者的丙型肝炎森河净等一、透析患者和ＨＣＶ抗体阳性率的关系调查全国５６个透析单位，５２７０名透析患者的ＨＣＶ抗体阳性率是１６．５％。因为该调查是在１９９１年，故ＨＣＶ抗体测定用的是第一代抗体系列，如用第二代抗体测定系列，估计抗体的阳性率将是本调查...     

改良折刀位在痔手术中应用研究

目的 对进行痔手术治疗的体位进行改良,以提供最佳痔手术体位.方法 100例痔手术患者随机分为传统组和改良组,每组50例.对两组折刀位摆置方法进行比较.结果 两组在体位设备、手术室护士摆置掌握情况、患者满意度、医生满意度的比较差异均有统计学意义,改良组均优于传统组.结论 改良后折刀位简化体位设备,减少操作步骤,最大限度保证患者安全,提高了患者舒适感.     

普罗卡因青霉素局部治疗慢性上頜窦炎之探討(附46例病例報告)

慢性鼻副竇炎是耳鼻喉科最常見的疾病之一。据蕭軾之氏統計,国人本病患者占耳鼻喉科初診病人的13.02％。Gill-Garey氏认为上颌窦是鼻副竇的主要竇腔,医治上頜竇炎也就医治了鼻副竇的大部分感染。怎样采用經济而又簡便的方法来治疗慢性上頜竇炎,应是耳鼻喉科医师所注意的问題。     

渗出性中耳炎的最新进展

1979年5月在美国俄亥俄州哥伦布市举行了关于“渗出性中耳炎”的第二届专题会议,参加者除美国耳科医生外,尚有英国、西德、奥地利、北欧各国、以色列、澳大利亚、新西兰和日本等国学者。会后出版了专题文集——Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Suppl 68—89(3),Part 2,1980.本刊组织了译述并于本期发表。编排仍按原刊顺序。参考文献即原著计80篇,从略     

生长抑素在治疗结核性肠梗阻中的应用研究

目的 探讨生长抑素在结核性肠梗阻治疗中的应用价值及应用时限.方法 收集成都市公共卫生临床医疗中心2009年1月至2013年8月因腹腔结核性肠梗阻住院患者的资料,对42例在常规治疗(正规抗结核治疗、禁食、持续胃肠减压、维持水电解质、酸碱平衡等常规治疗)的基础上加用注射用生长抑素(思他宁)治疗(生长抑素24h持续静脉滴注)的患者进行回顾性分析;同时选取同期因腹腔结核性肠梗阻住院,未加用生长抑素治疗的患者36例,分别列入观察组和对照组.观察患者治疗前后腹痛和腹胀症状改善情况、肛门自主排气时间、X线检查所见征象恢复时间.采用SPSS 18.0统计软件进行统计学分析.计数资料的比较采用x2检验,计量资料的比较采用t检验,P＜0.05为差异有统计学意义.结果 治疗时间内观察组有效34例,占81.0％(34/42),无效8例,占19.0％(8/42);对照组有效20例,占55.6％(20/36),无效16例,占44.4％(16/36).观察组有效率明显高于对照组(x2=5.870,P＜0.05).观察组加用生长抑素后腹痛和腹胀缓解时间为(3.60±1.33)d、肛门自主排气时间为(5.95±1.51)d、X线征象恢复时间为(10.40±2.64)d,与对照组比较[(4.47±1.61)d、(7.19±1.90)d、(13.36±4.29)d],差异均有统计学意义(t=2.636,P＜0.05;t=3.218,P＜0.05;t=3.720,P＜0.05).观察组加用生长抑素治疗3、7、10d的有效率分别为40.5％(17/42)、59.5％(25/42)、81.0％(34/42);患者应用生长抑素治疗3、7、10d后,新增有效率分别为40.5％(17/42)、32.0％(8/25)、52.9％(9/17),生长抑素治疗7d与生长抑素治疗3d、生长抑素治疗10d与生长抑素治疗7d比较,新增有效率差异均有统计学意义(x2=5.536,P=0.019;x2=13.432,P=0.000).结论 生长抑素治疗结核性肠梗阻可取得满意的疗效;生长抑素应用时限至10d时仍能提高有效率.     

Expression of neuron—specific enolase and gial fibrilous acidic protein in cerebral tissue of experimental cerebral concussion

Objective To study the changes and significance of neuron-specific enolase(NSE)and glial fibrilous acidic protein(GFAP)in rat cerbral concussion,Methods 80 Wistwar male rate were used for animal model of cerebral concussion,which were sacrificed on the 1st,3rd,7th,14th and 30th days after injury and the brain tissue were taken off.The expression of NSE and GFAP were studied in the course of cerebral concussion by means of immunohistochemistry,Results Rats in 100 g-group seen the clinical manifestation for typical concussion.The pathologic changes were the cerebral vascular constriction and dilation,congestion and edema of cerebral tissue and neuronal deganeration and necrosis.NSE was increased on the 1st day,and the positive area was seen in the plasma of the neurons in the cerebral cortex and the cerebellum, and also seen in blood vessels,cerebrospinal fluid in aqueduct and interstital matrix.NSE was obtained at peak on the 7th day,decreased on the 14th day and stil l raised on the 30th day.GFAP was increased on the 1st day,which the positive area was seen in the plasma of astocytes,and obtained at peak on the 3rd day,which fiber-like GFAP was in short,thick and astrocytes increased.GFAP decreased on the 7th day and obtained normal level in 30 days.Conclusion the main pathologic changes of cerebral concussion were blood circulatory disorder nd nervous cells degeneration,apoptosis and necrosis,NSE and GFAP participated in the course of cerebral concussion,may play an important role in the damage of blood-brain barrier,nervous cells degeneration and necrosis.