一种新的HBeAg阴性慢性乙型肝炎病毒变异机制

Objective To investigate mutation patterns in core promoter(CP)region of hepatitis B virus(HBV).Methods HBV DNA was extracted from sera of patients with chronic HBV infection.The CP sequence was amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and cloned into pMD19 T vector.The positive clones were then sequenced.The sequences were compared with known HBV genome in GenBank to identify the mutation sites and patterns of patients with chronic HBV infection.Results There were 74 clones from 21 patients with chronic HBV infection which were sequenced.The sequence comparisons showed that there was a 234-nucleotide deletion in CP region of HBV genome in 54 clones and a 245-nucleotide deletion in one clone.These deletion regions included CP,HBeAg initiation codon and direct repeat sequence(DR)Ⅰ regions,which named CP deletion(CPD).A1585T replacement mutation was also found in HBV strain with CPD,which indicated that there was linkage between these two mutations.Conclusions A novel mechanism of HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B is observed,which includes deletions of CP and HBeAg initiation codon.Meanwhile,a simple and useful PCR method is developed to detect CPD.     

癌症知识早知道

<正>癌症是威胁人类生命健康最凶险的疾病之一,了解癌症的病理对于预防、诊断和治疗癌症至关重要。本文将介绍癌症的基本概念、癌变过程以及常见类型,并探讨癌症预防与早期诊断的方法。通过深入了解这些知识,希望能够提高公众对于癌症的认知水平,并为广大读者提供有益的健康指导。     

乳晕入路腔镜甲状腺切除术与传统开放手术的临床对比研究

<正>甲状腺疾病常见于女性,传统的甲状腺手术由于颈部留下长约6～8cm的手术瘢痕,给女性患者造成很大的心理负担,因此,甲状腺手术如何给患者带来更好的美容效果,一直是甲状腺外科学者探讨的问题。现报告如下。     

不同HER-2状态的进展期胃癌行紫杉醇联合希罗达的疗效分析

  目的  既往体外实验显示HER-2的表达与紫杉醇疗效呈负相关, 本研究初步评价不同HER-2状态的进展期胃癌行紫杉醇联合希罗达的临床疗效。  方法  2010年6月至2012年2月厦门大学附属中山医院肿瘤科收治病理确诊的进展期胃癌45例, 其中HER-2(+)20例, HER-2(-)25例, 均接受紫杉醇联合卡培他滨联合化疗。紫杉醇175 mg/m2, d1;卡培他滨2 g/m2, d1~14, 21d为1个周期, 至少化疗2个周期后按RECIST标准判定疗效及不良反应。  结果  入组45例患者中, HER-2(+)组5例CR, 8例PR, 4例SD, 3例PD。HER-2(-)组0例CR, 10例PR, 7例SD, 8例PD。进行Kruskal Wallis法H检验(P=0.026)。  结论  HER-2受体的状态与进展期胃癌紫杉醇化疗敏感性相关, HER-2(+)组的化疗疗效优于HER-2(-)组。HER-2可能成为理想的抗肿瘤药物的分子标志。      

1.7 Cajal间质细胞的功能与疾病

Cajal间质细胞是肠神经系统的一种特殊类型的神经细胞,在控制胃肠道运动中起着重要的作用.1893年,神经解剖学家Cajal首先对此类细胞作了较详细的描述,此后人们即称之为Cajal间质细胞(interstitial cells of Cajal,ICC).     

2.38 Barrett's 食管与腺癌的关系

目的本实验旨在1.了解食管末端腺癌及胃食管交界处腺癌发生与Barret t's食管的相关关系及特点; 2.明确抑癌基因/(细胞周期调控因子)P26kipl及增殖细胞核抗原在腺癌组织、癌周不典型增生、癌周肠化生处的表达及意义.方法 1996.1.1～2000.6.1共在我市医院收集食管末端腺癌切除标本15 例,(男8例,女4例,男∶女=2.75∶1);胃-食管交界处腺癌切除标本30例(男24例,女6 例,男∶女=4∶1).选取应用正常食管、贲门粘膜作对照.结果食管末端腺癌癌周Barrett's IM发生率为60%,胃-食管交界处腺癌周 Barrett's IM发生率为53.3%.比较食管末端腺癌、胃食管交界处腺癌自癌周肠化→重度不典型增生→腺癌组织,PCNA指数呈现逐渐增高趋势,且均有显著性差异(t检验,P＜0. 05).结论发现食管末端腺癌患者及胃-食管交界处腺癌患者与Barrett食管相关 .     

一种新的HBeAg阴性慢性乙型肝炎病毒变异机制

Objective To investigate mutation patterns in core promoter(CP)region of hepatitis B virus(HBV).Methods HBV DNA was extracted from sera of patients with chronic HBV infection.The CP sequence was amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and cloned into pMD19 T vector.The positive clones were then sequenced.The sequences were compared with known HBV genome in GenBank to identify the mutation sites and patterns of patients with chronic HBV infection.Results There were 74 clones from 21 patients with chronic HBV infection which were sequenced.The sequence comparisons showed that there was a 234-nucleotide deletion in CP region of HBV genome in 54 clones and a 245-nucleotide deletion in one clone.These deletion regions included CP,HBeAg initiation codon and direct repeat sequence(DR)Ⅰ regions,which named CP deletion(CPD).A1585T replacement mutation was also found in HBV strain with CPD,which indicated that there was linkage between these two mutations.Conclusions A novel mechanism of HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B is observed,which includes deletions of CP and HBeAg initiation codon.Meanwhile,a simple and useful PCR method is developed to detect CPD.     

三叶因子与胃黏膜保护的研究进展

三叶因子家族是一群主要由胃肠道黏液细胞分泌的小分子多肽.其共同特征为均含一特殊的P结构域及三叶状结构.这种稳定的结构使三叶因子家族具有明显的抗蛋白酶水解、酸消化及耐热特性,因而能在消化道复杂的环境中保持生物活性.目前在哺乳动物体内发现的有pS2/TFF1、SP/TFF2和ITF/TFF3三种,它们具有黏膜保护与修复、肿瘤抑制、信号传导、调节细胞凋亡等功能.本文阐述了三叶因子家族发现的历史,并初步探讨了其作用.同时也对三叶因子受体这一热点的研究现状进行总结.