Characterization and Radiosensitivity of Fibroblasts Derived from Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Head and Neck, and the Surrounding Oral Mucosa

Recently, extensive stromal fibroblast contamination has been reported in the modified Courtenay-Mills soft agar clonogenic assay for cellular in vitro radiosensitivity in tumour biopsies. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hypothesis that an immunocytochemical analysis added to the modified Courtenay-Mills soft agar clonogenic assay provides a measure of both fibroblast and tumour cell radiosensitivity. Therefore, fibroblasts derived from squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck, and from the surrounding oral mucosa were compared for immunocytochemistry, DNA ploidy, plating efficiency and surviving fraction of cells after a radiation dose of 2 Gy. The results of our study suggest that the stromal fibroblasts derived from tumour biopsies are representative of normal fibroblasts with respect to the characteristics examined using mucosal fibroblasts as normal controls.     

蛋白质组学在中医药现代化研究中的应用探讨

蛋白质组学是后基因组时代的最重要研究课题，能够深化对生命现象本质的了解。对于中医药现代化研究，蛋白质组学作为高通量平行筛选技术在理论体系上与中医药的整体观相契合，能够深化证候的内在本质研究及中药复方的组成与作用机理研究，并能有力促进中药新药开发。随着蛋白质组学相关技术的发展完善，其对中医药现代化研究的帮助将进一步扩大。     

湘江株洲城区段水质监测、评价及污染因素调查分析

目的通过对湘江株洲段水质监测及污染因素调查,为保护湘江水体卫生提供依据。方法选择湘江株洲段上缘、下缘及距下缘5km处分别布三个监测点。在丰水期和枯水期每期监测两次,每次取湘江左岸、江中、右岸水样共计36个水样,按国家统一水质检测方法检测污染物。结果株洲在经过一定的环保措施后,水质状况有好转,但目前仍有污染,特别是镉、挥发酚、汞、砷超标率高,分别为2.64%、2.28%、1.36%、0.86%,主要污染来源仍为工业废水。并且与江中采砂搅动江底污泥、医院污水排放、生产、生活用水排放有关。另外,清除城镇污沟、清洗含毒物质用具可导致突发性污染。结论今后须加强对广大民众保护水资源卫生的宣传教育,并从根本上解决废水处理。     

米非司酮和子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫肌瘤的疗效比较

目的 观察米非司酮和子宫动脉栓塞术治疗子宫肌瘤的，临床疗效。方法 子宫肌瘤患者84例，随机分为A、B两组，A组口服米非司酮治疗3个月，B组行子宫动脉栓塞术，观察治疗前后症状、体征、B超下子宫肌瘤大小的变化和不良反应。结果 两组临床症状均得到显著改善，子宫肌瘤体积明显缩小，但B组与A组比，其子宫及肌瘤体积缩小更显著（P〈0．01），副作用小。结论 米非司酮和子宫动脉栓塞术均为治疗子宫肌瘤的有效方法。在缩小子宫及子宫肌瘤体积方面，子宫动脉栓塞术优于米非司酮。     

Effects of radiotherapy planning with a dedicated combined PET-CT-simulator of patients with non-small cell lung cancer on dose limiting normal tissues and radiation dose-escalation: a planning study.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of radiotherapy planning with a dedicated combined PET-CT simulator of patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-one patients underwent a pre-treatment simulation on a dedicated hybrid PET-CT-simulator. For each patient, two 3D conformal treatment plans were made: one with a CT based PTV and one with a PET-CT based PTV, both to deliver 60Gy in 30 fractions. The maximum tolerable prescribed radiation dose for CT versus PET-CT PTV was calculated based on constraints for the lung, the oesophagus, and the spinal cord, and the Tumour Control Probability (TCP) was estimated. RESULTS: For the same toxicity levels of the lung, oesophagus and spinal cord, the dose could be increased from 55.2+/-2.0Gy with CT planning to 68.9+/-3.3Gy with the use of PET-CT (P=0.002), with corresponding TCP's of 6.3+/-1.5% for CT and 24.0+/-5.6% for PET-CT planning (P=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The use of a combined dedicated PET-CT-simulator reduced radiation exposure of the oesophagus and the lung, and thus allowed significant radiation dose escalation whilst respecting all relevant normal tissue constraints.     

Atovaquone–Proguanil (Malarone): an Effective Treatment for Uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in Travelers from Denmark

Background Previous experience with unacceptable adverse effects with mefloquine as treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria prompted an evaluation of the effectiveness and side effects of atovaquone–proguanil (Malarone) in a hospital setting.
Methods Atovaquone–proguanil was given as standard treatment (1,000/400mgq.d. for 3 days) to 50 adults who had traveled in Africa and returned with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Half of the treated patients were African and had lived outside Africa for varying periods of time; the other half were Danish-born persons without any previous immunity towards malaria.
Results All patients treated with Malarone were cured without complications. The mean fever clearance times differed among the groups and according to various degrees of prior exposure to malaria and ranged from 1.3 to 2.2 days. Adverse effects during treatment were mild, and were likely to be due to the malaria itself. Fourteen people who had acquired falciparum malaria in spite of taking proguanil–chloroquine prophylaxis were also cured uneventfully without recrudescence.
Conclusions Malarone appears to be an effective, safe and acceptable oral treatment for uncomplicated malaria.     

应用PDCA循环对一次性无菌医疗用品全程安全管理

目的探讨对一次性无菌医疗用品的全程安全管理方法. 方法对一次性无菌医疗用品从购置、发放、至使用后处理制定全程安全管理制度和检查标准,并组织实施. 结果通过1年的全程环节质量管理,杜绝了不合格产品流入医院,一次性无菌医疗用品使用后回收率达98%,毁形率100%. 结论一次性无菌医疗用品的全程安全管理达到医院感染管理规范要求.     

Religiousness and health in Europe

Recent research suggests that epidemiological forces in religion and health can have opposed effects. Using longitudinal data of people aged 50+ included in wave 1 (2004–2005) of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), and followed up through waves 2 (2006–2007), 4 (2011) and 5 (2013), we examined two forms of religious internalization and their association with health. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to examine all associations. Taking part in a religious organization was associated with lower odds of GALI (global activity limitation index) (OR = 0.86, 95% CI 0.75, 0.98) and depressive symptoms 0.80 (95% CI 0.69, 0.93), whereas being religiously educated lowered odds of poor self-rated health (SRH) 0.81 (95% CI 0.70, 0.93) and long-term health problems 0.84 (95% CI 0.74, 0.95). The more religious had lower odds of limitations with activities of daily living 0.76 (95% CI 0.58, 0.99) and depressive symptoms 0.77 (95% CI 0.64, 0.92) than other respondents, and compared to people who only prayed and did not have organizational involvement, they had lower odds of poor SRH 0.71 (95% CI 0.52, 0.97) and depressive symptoms 0.66 (95% CI 0.50, 0.87). Conversely, people who only prayed had higher odds of depressive symptoms than non-religious people 1.46 (95% CI 1.15, 1.86). Our findings suggest two types of religiousness: 1. Restful religiousness (praying, taking part in a religious organization and being religiously educated), which is associated with good health, and 2. Crisis religiousness (praying without other religious activities), which is associated with poor health.     

Complex tibial fractures are associated with lower social classes and predict early exit from employment and worse patient-reported QOL: a prospective observational study of 46 complex tibial fractures treated with a ring fixator

The long-term outcomes following complex fractures of the tibia are reported to carry a risk of knee pain, malalignment, articular injury and post-traumatic osteoarthritis. The main objective of this study was to account for the patient-reported quality of life (QOL) 12 months after ring fixator removal in patients with a complex tibial fracture. Secondary objectives included a review of the socio-economic characteristics of the patient group and the rate of return to work in the study period. A prospective follow-up study was conducted of 60 patients with complex fractures of the tibia treated with ring external fixation. Patient-reported outcomes, radiological outcomes and socio-economic status including employment status of the patients were obtained 12 months after frame removal. Forty-six patients completed the assessment 12 months after frame removal (77%). The mean age of the patient at the time of fracture was 54.6 years (range 31–86). There were 19 males and 27 females. At 12 months after frame removal, the mean EQ5D-5L index was 0.66 (CI 0.60–0.72). The mean EQ5D-5L VAS was 69 (CI 61–76). When this was compared to the established reference population from Denmark, the study population showed a significantly worse EQ5D-5L index. The majority of patients (87%) were in the lower social classes suggesting a higher degree of social deprivation in the study population. Twenty-seven per cent of patients who were employed prior to injury had returned to employment at approximately 19 months following fracture. The onset of post-traumatic osteoarthritis was present in the knee joint in 29% of patients following a proximal intra-articular fracture, whereas osteoarthritis was present at the ankle joint in 35% of patients following a distal intra-articular fracture 12 months after frame removal. This study indicates that at 12 months after frame removal there are poorer patient-reported QOL as when compared to reference populations. Furthermore, this study suggests that complex tibial fractures are associated with lower social classes and that only 27% of patients in this sample, who prior to injury were employed, had returned to employment at approximately 19 months after the injury.