抗A1试剂血清的研制

目的 :ABO亚型在临床输血中经常造成错定血型及输血反应 ,因而研制抗A1试剂血清是解决ABO亚型鉴定的主要途径。方法 :采用血型血清学特异性抗原抗体吸收实验。结果 :经大量反复实验 ,研制出特异性强 ,效价符合要求的抗A1试剂血清。结论 :抗A1血清是鉴定A亚型的专用试剂血清 ,对临床鉴定ABO亚型及安全输血有实用意义。     

Functional recruitment of red blood cells to rat brain microcirculation accompanying increased neuronal activity in cerebellar cortex

Scanning laser-Doppler flowmetry (SLDF) combines laser-Doppler flowmetry and laser scanning to provide images of cerebral blood flow (CBF) with high spatial and temporal resolution. We investigated the contribution of single vascular elements to the local increase of CBF accompanying increased neuronal activity in halothane-anesthetized rats. CBF was examined in the cerebellar cortex under control conditions and in response to electrical stimulation of parallel and climbing fibers. At rest, arterioles contributed 9%, venules 11-13% and small vessels (< 20 microm) 8-14%, while the background constituted 64-72% of the total SLDF signal. During activation the background signal decreased to 55-60% while the signal from arterioles increased to 11-12%, from venules to 14-15% and from small vessels to 14-19%. The signal increase in small vessels that did not give any laser-Doppler signal at rest was due to functional recruitment of red blood cells to the capillary bed. We conclude that functional recruitment may be an integral part of the hemodynamic response accompanying neuronal activity.     

Menstrual patterns in Danish elite swimmers

Summary Questionnaires were given to 140 female elite swimmers from the highest ranking division in the Danish Swimming Association inquiring about their menstrual history. Eighty-nine percent completed the questionnaires. We found a very low incidence of menstrual dysfunction (16%) compared to other groups of endurance trained females. Hard physical endurance training did not seem to delay the onset of menarche among swimmers. Furthermore, no difference in adjusted body mass between a group with oligomenorrhoea and a normal menstruating group could be demonstrated. The study indicated that the influence of body mass or body fat content was a more important factor in menstrual function than the amount of training or psychological stress.     

Muscular Performance and Fatigue in Primary Hyperparathyroidism

The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in muscular strength and endurance, work capacity, and subjective fatigue following surgical treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT), and to assess whether changes in muscular function were due to changes in activation of the muscles. A prospective consecutive study design was used, and patients surgically treated for nontoxic goiter served as controls. Nineteen female patients with mild to moderate pHPT and 20 controls were included. Maximal isometric handgrip and quadriceps strength, quadriceps endurance (intermittent stimulation), and quadriceps activation (superimposed twitch technique) were used for evaluation of muscular function. All patients were operated on successfully. Knee extension strength increased by 17 ± 17% (mean ± SD; p= 0.0004) in the patients, whereas no change was observed in the controls. The relative strength increase correlated positively to patient age at operation (r= 0.52, p= 0.02). Handgrip strength, quadriceps endurance, and general work capacity did not change in any group after operation. Subjective fatigue was preoperatively higher in patients than in controls (p= 0.01), and decreased postoperatively to the level of controls. In conclusion, women with pHPT increase knee extension force after parathyroidectomy as a result of increased force generation capacity of the muscle. If change in physical performance is a determinant for change in subjective fatigue in pHPT after operation, then change in strength of the quadriceps muscle seems to be of primary importance, whereas handgrip strength, muscular endurance, and work capacity do not seem to be important. The cause of the increasing strength benefit with increasing age at operation as found in this study needs further investigation.     

HPLC考察川芎茶调颗粒制备中川芎嗪的动态变化

目的：考察川芎嗪在川芎茶调颗粒剂制备过程中的动态变化。方法：用HPLC法考察不同的提取、浓缩及干燥方法对川芎嗪的提取率及转移率的影响。结果：用乙醇回流提取比用水煎煮提取川芎嗪的提取率高，用旋转薄膜蒸发仪浓缩比直火浓缩，成压浓缩川芎嗪的损失小，真空干燥比常压干燥川芎嗪的转移率高。结论：川芎茶调颗粒剂制备时川芎宜用乙醇提取，浓缩及干燥宜采用低温快速法。     

活血益气药不同剂量配伍对心梗后心衰大鼠心脏系数及功能的影响

目的 :观察相同种类活血益气药的不同剂量配伍对心梗后心衰大鼠心脏系数、功能的影响。方法 :采用左冠脉结扎术致心梗后心衰大鼠模型 ,分别用活血益气方 (全方活血药量占全方 75% )、益气活血方 (活血药量占全方25% )、气血方 (活血药量占全方 50%)于术后 4周给药至 8周 ,每日灌胃 ,以卡托普利作为阳性药。用阻抗法观察给药前后大鼠心脏功能、心脏系数的变化。结果 :心梗后心衰大鼠经 4周给药治疗后 ,心功能每搏输出量 (SV)、心输出量 (CO)、心脏指数 (CI)值都明显升高 (P<0.01) ;同时 ,活血益气方 (活血药量占全方 75 % )、气血方 (活血药量占全方50% )对模型动物治疗后心脏系数改善与假手术组相似 (P>0.05) ,而益气活血方 (活血药量占全方 25% )、卡托普利与假手术组比较 ,对其无改善 (P<0.01)。结论 :活血益气药通过改善心梗后心衰模型大鼠心脏系数及功能 ,达到治疗心衰作用 ;同时 ,方剂配伍中多量活血药的应用 (活血药 /益气药为 75%和 50%)可以较明显改善心衰大鼠的组织学指标心脏系数。     

PGP 9.5在SD大鼠肠神经节细胞成熟度评价中的作用

目的 研究肠神经节细胞成熟度评价的方法和特异性抗体的作用，探讨PGP9．5对研究先天性肠神经系统发育异常疾病的意义。方法 40只不同年龄的SD大鼠：胎龄15d(E15)，20d(E20)，生后9d(P9)，成年的SD大鼠各10只。取标本，甲醛固定石蜡包埋切片，常规处理后用HE染色和PGP9．5、CathePsin D、NSE的免疫组化染色，通过观察免疫染色阳性定位和定性情况和测量节细胞的平均最大直径，分析肠神经节细胞的发育和成熟状况。结果 PGP9．5染色阳性率达100％；NSE在E15中全部阴性，在E20和P9中皆呈弱阳性反应；而CathpinD 只在大脑中反应阳性。肠神经节细胞尺寸测量结果E20，P9和成年各年龄组间差异有显著性意义(P＜0．01)；PGP9．5所显示的节细胞形成良好的成熟与幼稚的染色形态——成熟的节细胞脑浆颗粒清晰、细胞核淡染、核仁明显，末成熟的节细胞则胞浆胞核浓染、结构不清、无明显的核仁。结论 PGP9．5在肠神经节细胞中的成熟与幼稚的不同染色形态可特征性地评价肠神经节细胞的成熟度。实验提示，PGP9．5的免疫组化技术评价肠神经节细胞成熟度是一种可靠而简便的方法，在各种人类肠神经系统发育异常性疾病的形态学研究和临床诊治中有重要的实践意义。     

Interdependence of clinical and isokinetic results after bicondylar knee prostheses with special emphasis on quality of life results

Nineteen patients were examined at an average follow-up of 2 years after total knee joint replacement without patella resurfacing. They were compared with 22 healthy subjects of the same age. Using the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score the operated knee joints scored an average of 77 points, the contralateral side scored 87 points and the control group 97 points. In the SF-36 health questionnaire the patients showed highly significant deviations. Isokinetic measurements revealed a clear loss of isokinetic strength of more than 50% on average in flexion as in extension when compared to the control group and there were considerable asymmetries between the operated and the contralateral legs.     

替莫唑胺含量测定方法的研究

目的：建立一种适合替莫唑胺的含量测定方法。方法：采用紫外分光光度法、高效液相色谱法、凯氏定氮法分别对替莫唑胺进行含量测定。结果：3种方法均适用于替莫唑胺的含量测定，且都有较高的灵敏度和精密度。结论：紫外分光光度法准确、快速、简便，是替莫唑胺含量测定的最佳方法。     

Molecular marker profiles predict locoregional control of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in a randomized trial of continuous hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy.

PURPOSE: Identification of factors that assist prediction of tumor response to radiotherapy may aid in refining treatment strategies and improving outcome. Possible association of molecular marker expression profiles with locoregional control of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma was investigated in a randomized trial of conventional versus continuous hyperfractionated accelerated radiotherapy (CHART). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Tumor material was obtained from 402 patients. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess Ki-67, CD31, p53, Bcl-2, and cyclin D1 expression. A hierarchical clustering algorithm with a Bayesian information criterion was used to group tumors with similar marker expression; resulting expression profiles were then compared in terms of their difference in outcome after CHART and conventionally fractionated radiotherapy. RESULTS: Molecular marker profile was an independent prognostic factor for locoregional control. This was confirmed in multivariate analysis, including clinical variables such as tumor and nodal status, primary site, histological grade, age, and gender (P < 0.001 and P = 0.006 for local and nodal relapse, respectively). In particular, Bcl-2-positive tumors responded significantly better than average in both arms of the trial. Tumors negative for p53- and Bcl-2, with high and randomly patterned Ki-67 expression, responded worse than average with no benefit from CHART. Tumors with similarly negative p53 and Bcl-2, but low Ki-67 staining, with an organized pattern, benefit significantly from CHART schedule. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the potential of molecular profiles to predict radiotherapy response of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and for treatment stratification. Distinct expression profiles correlate with three distinct clinical phenotypes, including good locoregional control, poor locoregional control, and an outcome strongly dependent upon fractionation schedule.