新型补体抑制剂对同基因大鼠移植肾功能的长期影响

目的：观察新型补体抑制剂APT070对同基因大鼠移植肾功能的长期影响。方法：应用同基因大鼠肾脏移植模型,供肾移植前分别经观察药物APT070、对照药物APT898及肾脏灌注液灌注,测定术后4－20周移植肾功能及24h尿蛋白含量。结果：肾移植术后4－20周,APT070灌注组移植肾功能明显好于对照组,24h尿蛋白含量明显低于对照组,P＜0．01。结论：APT070作为一种可与肾脏组织结合的新型补体抑制剂,可改善同基因大鼠移植肾的长期功能。     

人脐血间质干细胞条件培养基在受损成骨细胞中的作用与机制

目的探讨线粒体活性在人脐带间充质干细胞(human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells,HUMSCs)条件培养基修复受损成骨细胞中的作用及其机制。方法提取、培养HUMSCs及制作其条件培养基,建立成骨细胞氧化损伤模型。实验分组:无血清DMEM培养基组、晚期氧化蛋白(advanced oxidation protein products,AOPPs)刺激组、常规培养基组、条件培养基组,培养1 h后用流式细胞仪以及Mito Tracker Red分析成骨细胞凋亡率、线粒体活性,并用蛋白-凝胶成像法(western-blot,WB)分析Caspase-3凋亡蛋白表达差异,从而评价HUMSCs条件培养基对遭受氧化损伤的成骨细胞的保护、修复、逆转作用,以及线粒体在其中发挥的作用及其机制。结果HUMSCs条件培养基可以增加氧化应激作用下成骨细胞内线粒体活性;HUMSCs条件培养基可降低成骨细胞凋亡率,减少Caspase-3凋亡蛋白表达。结论HUMSCs条件培养基通过缓解氧化应激(oxidative stress,OS)导致的线粒体功能与结构损伤,并下调Caspase-3凋亡蛋白的表达,抑制OB凋亡。     

Revision risk after pediatric spinal deformity surgery: a nationwide study with 2-year follow-up

BACKGROUND CONTEXTRevision risk after pediatric spine surgery is not well established and varies between deformity etiologies.PURPOSETo report the 2-year revision risk following surgery for primary pediatric spinal deformity in a nationwide cohort and to evaluate potential risk factors and reasons for revision surgery.DESIGNRetrospective nationwide cohort study.PATIENT SAMPLEA national registry study of all pediatric spinal deformity patients undergoing surgery during 2006–2015 (n=1310).OUTCOME MEASURESTwo-year revision risk.METHODSAll patients ≤21 years of age undergoing spinal deformity surgery in Denmark during 2006–2015 were identified by procedure and diagnosis codes in the Danish National Patient Registry (DNPR). Data on revision surgery were retrieved from the DNPR. Patients were categorized in six groups according to etiology. Medical records were reviewed for reason for revision in all patients. Potential risk factors for revision were assessed with multiple logistic regression analyses and included age, etiology, sex, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), and growth-preserving treatment.RESULTSPatients were categorized according to etiology: idiopathic deformity (53%), neuromuscular deformity (23%), congenital/structural deformity (9%), spondylolisthesis (7%), Scheuermann's kyphosis (5%), and syndromic deformity (3%). Of 1,310 included patients, 9.2% underwent revision surgery within 2 years and 1.5% was revised more than once. Median time to revision was 203 (interquartile range 35–485) days. The multivariable logistic regression found significantly higher odds ratio (OR) for revision in patients with growth-preserving treatment (OR=5.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.6–10.1), congenital deformity (OR=2.7, 95% CI 1.3–5.3), spondylolisthesis (OR=3.5, 95% CI 1.9–6.7), Scheuermann kyphosis (OR=3.9, 95% CI 1.9–8.3), and CCI score ≥3 (OR=2.5 95% CI 1.1–5.6). The most common reason for revision was implant failure (32.5%) followed by residual deformity and/or curve progression (15.8%).CONCLUSIONSIn this nationwide study, the 2-year revision risk after primary pediatric spinal deformity surgery is 9.2%. Risk factors for revision are etiology of congenital deformity, spondylolisthesis, Scheuermann kyphosis as well as patients with growth-preserving treatment and higher CCI. The most common reason for revision is implant failure.     

Application of molecular and cytogenetic techniques to the detection of a de novo unbalanced t(11q;21q) in a patient previously diagnosed as having monosomy 21

Hertz B, Brandt CA, Petersen MB, Pedersen S, König U, Strømkjær H, Jensen PKA. Application of molecular and cytogenetic techniques to the detection of a de novo unbalanced t(11q;21q) in a patient previously diagnosed as having monosomy 21.
Clin Genet 1993: 44: 89–94. © Munksgaard, 1993
The occurrence of complete autosomal monosomy in man is extremely rare and generally considered to be incompatible with life. Since the introduction of banding techniques in human cytogenetics, several cases of presumptive monosomy for chromosome 21 have nevertheless been reported. However, it has been suggested that most, if not all, of these cases may represent unbalanced translocations or other structural aberrations resulting in only partial monosomy 21. Here we describe a patient in whom full monosomy 21 was initially diagnosed by routine karyotyping. Re-examination with a combination of high resolution banding technique, chromosome painting and DNA polymorphism analysis demonstrated the presence of an unbalanced translocation between the long arms of chromosome 11 and 21, respectively. Consequently, the case was re-classified as a partial monosomy for the proximal long arm of chromosome 21.     

Sexual dysfunction in male and female patients with epilepsy: A study of 86 outpatients

Sexual dysfunction is a well-known complication of chronic somatic illness. Eighty-six consecutive epileptic outpatients, 38 men and 48 women, without accompanying disorders, were studied. The frequency and symptoms of sexual dysfunction were compared with results from previous studies using identical sexological methodology. The previous studies were of diabetic patients and healthy controls. Eight percent of the epileptic men reported a sexual dysfunction compared to 44% of the diabetics and 13% of the controls. Epileptic women, diabetic women, and controls showed no significant differences in sexual dysfunction (29%, 28%, and 25%, respectively). In both sexes, the sexual function measured by frequencies of coitus and masturbation was normal. Most patients had good control of epileptic attacks on a treatment of monotherapy. Hormonal status was generally within normal limits in both men and women; only a few minor differences were found and they showed no correlation with sexual dysfunction. Psychologically and socially the patients did not differ appreciably from normals, and they exhibited a high degree of disease acceptance. This study, using a biopsychosocial approach in understanding sexual dysfunctions, is in contrast with previous, mainly uncontrolled, studies of epileptic patients that reported high frequencies of hyposexuality in males. We conclude that epilepsy does not necessarily increase the risk of sexual dysfunction in male or female.     

人肝细胞生成素受体的确定及特性

目的　研究人重组肝细胞生成素 (rhHPO)特异性刺激肝细胞增殖的信号转导是否通过特异性受体结合介导。方法　通过受体结合和特异性竞争抑制实验及Scatchard分析原代培养大鼠肝细胞、人胎肝细胞和肝癌细胞的特性。结果　原代培养大鼠肝细胞、人胎肝细胞和肝癌细胞存在HPO受体 ,受体数量分别为 10 0 0 0个 /细胞、2 0 0 0 0个 /细胞和 5 5 0 0 0个 /细胞 ,平衡解离常数(Kd)分别为 2、1.4及 0 .7pmol,HPO与受体结合的复合物分子量约为 90× 10 3 ,推算出HPO与该受体结合具有饱合性和特异性 ,此结合不能被EGF、TGF α和胰岛素所竞争抑制。通过交联反应在SDS PAGE电泳上显示此受体分子量约 75× 10 3 。结论　HPO促肝细胞增殖作用是通过肝细胞表面这种特异性膜受体介导的。     

两种不同血管紧张素ⅡⅠ型受体拮抗剂治疗轻中度原发性高血压的临床研究

目的:探讨缬沙坦和氯沙坦治疗轻中度原发性高血压的临床疗效及安全性。方法:117例轻中度原发性高血压患者随机分为两组,缬沙坦(治疗)组59例,80～160mg/d,口服,疗程半年;氯沙坦(对照)组58例,50～100mg/d,口服,疗程半年。治疗前后测偶测血压、动态血压、肝肾功能、血脂、血糖、血尿酸,血浆肾素活性(PRA)、血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)醛固酮(ALd)、内皮素(ET)等,并观察心脑事件发生情况。结果:治疗组总有效率74.6％(44/59例),降压幅度26.2/15.1mmHg,谷/峰(T/P)比值:收缩压(SBP)0.28、舒张压(DBP)0.78,与对照组总有效率74.1％(43/58例),降压幅度25.9/15.8mmHg,T/P比值:SBP 0.81、DBP 0.79均相似(P均>0.05)。两组治疗后PRA、AngⅡ均升高(P均<0.05);Ald、ET均降低(P均<0.05),但组间对照无显著性差异(P>0.05)。血尿酸也明显下降(P均<0.05),且基础值越高,降幅越大,对于治疗前高尿酸血症患者,对照组降压大于治疗组(P<0.05)。半年随访,两组心脑血管事件发生率相似(P>0.05),治疗组不良么应轻微。结论:缬沙坦是一种安全、作用持久、稳定、耐受性好、用药方便的治疗轻中度原发性高血压的新型AngⅡⅠ型受(AT1)拮抗药物之一,值得临床推广应用。     

联合抗过敏疗法对急性乙型肝炎病人的疗效观察

[目的 ]阐明Ⅰ型变态反应与急性乙型肝炎关系 .[方法 ]将 42例急性乙型肝炎病人随机分为治疗组和对照组 ,并观察了联合抗过敏疗法对急性乙型肝炎的疗效 .[结果 ]治疗组行联合抗过敏疗法后血清内谷丙转氨酶和总胆红素均比治疗前明显降低 ,而对照组治疗前后无明显变化 ;治疗组谷丙转氨酶及总胆红素复常天数明显短于对照组 .[结论 ]联合抗过敏疗法对急性乙型肝炎疗效显著 ,从而间接证明了免疫球蛋白E及其介导的Ⅰ型变态反应在急性乙型肝炎发病机理中的致病作用 .     

Cadmium in kidneys in Swedes measured in vivo using X-ray fluorescence analysis

An X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technique using plane polarized X-rays for excitation was used for in vivo measurements of cadmium in the kidney cortex among non-occupationally exposed members of the general population in southern Sweden. The measured concentrations of cadmium in the kidney cortex of smokers (median 28 g/g, n = 10) were significantly higher (P = 0.0036) as compared to those in non-smokers (median 8 g/g, n = 10), and so were the cadmium concentrations in blood and urine. The results show that smoking considerably increases the cadmium concentration in the kidney cortex and that smoking is a major source of cadmium exposure in the general population of Sweden. Except in the presence of very deeply situated kidneys, where the minimum detectable concentration is high, non-invasive in vivo XRF analysis of kidney cadmium should be a useful tool for evaluating the effects of long-term low-level exposure to cadmium and the risk of kidney damage.