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排序方式: 共有387条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
381.
Tahlita CM Zuiverloon Cheno S Abas Kirstin A van der Keur Marcel Vermeij Stephen S Tjin Angela G van Tilborg Martijn Busstra Ellen C Zwarthoff 《BMC urology》2010,10(1):1-7
Background
The objective of our work was to investigate both the contractile function and the release of ATP and NO from strips of bladder tissue after removal of the urothelium.Methods
The method of removal was a gentle swabbing motion rather than a sharp surgical cutting to separate the urothelium from the smooth muscle. The contractile response and ATP and NO release were measured in intact as well as on swabbed preparations. The removal of the urothelial layer was affirmed microscopically.Results
After the swabbing, the smaller contractions were evoked by electrical as well as by chemical stimulation (50 μM carbachol or 50 μM α, β meATP). Electrical stimulation, carbachol and substance P (5 μM) evoked lower release of ATP in the swabbed strips than in intact strips. Although release of NO evoked by electrical stimulation or substance P was not changed, release of NO evoked by carbachol was significantly less in the swabbed preparations.Conclusion
Since swabbing removes only the urothelium, the presence of the suburothelial layer may explain the difference between our findings and those of others who found an increase in contractility. Evoked release of ATP is reduced in swabbed strips, indicating that ATP derives solely from the urothelium. On the other hand, electrical stimulation and substance P evoke identical degrees of NO release in both intact and swabbed preparations, suggesting that NO can be released from the suburothelium. Conversely, carbachol-induced release of NO is lower in swabbed strips, implying that the cholinergic receptors (muscarinic or nicotinic) are located in the upper layer of the urothelium. 相似文献382.
Bas W.G. van Rhijn Tahlita C.M. Zuiverloon André N. Vis François Radvanyi Geert J.L.H. van Leenders Bert C.M. Ooms Wim J. Kirkels Gina A. Lockwood Egbert R. Boevé Adriaan C. Jöbsis Ellen C. Zwarthoff Theo H. van der Kwast 《European urology》2010
Background
The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) risk scores are not validated in an independent patient population. Molecular grade (mG) based on fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) gene mutation status and MIB-1 expression was proposed as an alternative to pathologic grade in bladder cancer (BCa) [1].Objective
To validate the EORTC risk score and to determine its relation to mG in a series with long-term follow-up as well as to determine reproducibility of pathologic grade and mG.Design, setting, and participants
In this multicenter study, we included 230 patients with primary non–muscle-invasive BCa (NMIBC).Measurements
Four uropathologists reviewed the slides. FGFR3 mutation status was examined by two assays. MIB-1 was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The EORTC risk scores for recurrence and progression were determined. Multivariable analyses were used to find prognostic factors.Results and limitations
Median follow-up was 8.62 yr (interquartile range: 6.6–11.8). FGFR3 mutations were significantly related to favorable disease parameters, whereas altered MIB-1 was frequently seen with pT1, high grade, and high EORTC risk scores. EORTC risk scores were significant in multivariable analyses for recurrence and progression. In multivariable analyses for progression and disease-specific survival, the mG had independent significance. The addition of mG to the multivariable model for progression increased the predictive accuracy from 74.9% to 81.7% (p < 0.001; Mantel-Haenszel test). The mG (89%) was more reproducible than the pathologic grade (41–74%).Conclusions
We validated the EORTC risk scores for primary NMIBC in a clinical and biomarker setting. Next to EORTC risk score, mG proved highly reproducible and predictive. Our long-term results justify an independent prospective analysis of mG and EORTC risk scores. 相似文献383.
Weihuan Huang Xiaoli Zhang Yifei Wang Wencai Ye Vincent EC Ooi Hau Yin Chung Yaolan Li 《Chinese medicine》2010,5(1):23
Background
Radix Wikstroemiae is a common Chinese herbal medicine. The ethyl acetate fraction of the ethanolic extract of W. indica possesses potent in vitro antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). This study aims to identify the antiviral components of the active fraction. 相似文献384.
SE Lamb J Pepper R Lall EC J?rstad-Stein MD Clark L Hill J Fereday-Smith 《BMC women's health》2009,9(1):26
Background
The aim was to compare effectiveness of group versus individual sessions of physiotherapy in terms of symptoms, quality of life, and costs, and to investigate the effect of patient preference on uptake and outcome of treatment. 相似文献385.
Background
This study is part of a major study about difficulties in communicating ethical problems within and among professional groups working in hemodialysis care. Describing experiences of ethically difficult situations that induce a troubled conscience may raise consciousness about ethical problems and thereby open the way to further reflection. 相似文献386.
van Oers JM Wild PJ Burger M Denzinger S Stoehr R Rosskopf E Hofstaedter F Steyerberg EW Klinkhammer-Schalke M Zwarthoff EC van der Kwast TH Hartmann A 《European urology》2007,52(3):760-768
OBJECTIVES: Molecular markers superior to conventional clinicopathologic parameters are needed to predict disease courses in bladder cancer patients. In this study, we investigated four markers (Ki-67, TP53, CK20, FGFR3) in primary urothelial bladder tumours and compared them with traditional pathologic features. METHODS: Tissue microarrays were used to analyse CK20, TP53, and Ki-67 expression immunohistochemically in 255 unselected patients. FGFR3 mutations were detected by SNaPshot analysis. RESULTS: Abnormal CK20 expression was strongly associated with higher tumour grades and stages (p < 0.001); however, 65% of pTa tumours revealed an abnormal CK20 pattern. In the group of pTaG1 tumours, 59% presented with an abnormal CK20 pattern, whereas 82% carried the FGFR3 mutation. In the group of bladder tumours with normal CK20 pattern, the FGFR3 gene was mutated in 89%, whereas a mutated FGFR3 gene was found in only 37% of cases with abnormal CK20 expression (p < 0.001). All markers proved to be strong predictors of disease-specific survival in univariate studies. However, in multivariate analyses they were not independent from classical pathologic parameters. None of the molecular markers was significantly associated with tumour recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Dysregulation of CK20 expression is an early event in the carcinogenesis of papillary noninvasive bladder cancer, but occurs later than FGFR3 mutations. The group of low-grade noninvasive papillary tumours is defined by the presence of an FGFR3 mutation and a normal CK20 expression pattern. 相似文献
387.
Marcilei EC Buim Marcello F Fanelli Virgilio S Souza Juliana Romero Emne A Abdallah Celso AL Mello Vanessa Alves Luciana MM Ocea Natália B Mingues Paula NVP Barbosa Chiang J Tyng Rubens Chojniak Ludmilla TD Chinen 《Cancer biology & therapy》2015,16(9):1289-1295
Background: Quantification of Circulating Tumor Cells (CTCs) as a prognostic marker in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) has already been validated and approved for routine use. However, more than quantification, qualification or characterization of CTCs is gaining importance, since the genetic characterization of CTCs may reflect, in a real time fashion, genetic profile of the disease. Objective: To characterize KRAS mutations (codon 12 and 13) in CTCs from patients with mCRC and to compare with matched primary tumor. Additionally, correlate these mutations with clinical and pathological features of patients. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 26 patients with mCRC from the AC Camargo Cancer Center (São Paulo-Brazil). CTCs were isolated by ISET technology (Isolation by Size of Epithelial Tumors; Rarecells Diagnostics, France) and mutations analyzes were performed by pyrosequencing (QIAGEN). Results:KRAS mutation was detected in 7 of the 21 cases (33%) of samples from CTCs. In matched primary tumors, 9 of the 24 cases (37.5%) were found KRAS mutated. We observed that 5 of the 9 samples with KRAS mutation in their primary tumor had also KRAS mutation in CTCs, meaning a concordance of 71% of matched cases (P = 0.017). KRAS mutation neither on primary tumor nor in CTCs was associated with clinical-pathological parameters analyzed. Conclusion: Faced with a polyclonal disease like colorectal cancer, which is often treated with alternating and successive lines of chemotherapy, real time genetic characterization of CTCs, in a fast and feasible fashion, can provide important information to clinical management of metastatic patients. Although our cohort was limited, it was possible to show a high grade of concordance between primary tumor and CTCs, which suggests that CTCs can be used as surrogate of primary tumors in clinical practice, when the knowledge of mutation profile is necessary and the primary tumor is not available. 相似文献