胎盘口服液微生物限度检查方法的建立及验证

目的：建立胎盘口服液微生物限度检查方法。方法：按《中国药典））2010年版一部微生物限度检查方法的要求进行验证试验。结果：胎盘口服液微生物限度检查细菌数、霉菌和酵母菌数测定方法取原液采用常规法（1mL／皿）进行验证试验,试验组的菌回收率（％）均不低于70％;控制菌（大肠埃希菌、沙门菌）检查方法用大肠埃希菌取10-1供试液采用常规法（100mL／瓶）,沙门菌取原液采用常规法（200mL／瓶）进行验证试验,试验组、阳性对照组检出大肠埃希菌、沙门菌,阴性对照组无菌生长。结论：胎盘口服液微生物限度检查细菌数、霉菌和酵母菌数测定方法可用常规法（1mL／皿）测定,控制菌（大肠埃希菌、沙门菌）检查方法可用常规法（100mI。／瓶、200mL／瓶）进行检查。     

Reconstruction of lateral attic wall using autogenous mastoid cortical bone

Purpose

To explore the outcomes of lateral attic wall (LAW) reconstruction using autogenous mastoid cortical bone in cases with poorly developed zygomatic root cells and/or a low tegmen or with significant anterior or lateral sigmoid sinus in tympanomastoid surgery.

Material and methods

Thirty-five ears with chronic suppurative otitis media, all of them either with poorly developed zygomatic root cells and/or a low tegmen (26/35 ears), or with significant anterior or lateral sigmoid sinus (9/35 ears), were included. LAWs were removed temporarily to offer exposure of the attic; after removal of the pathological conditions in the attic and the mastoid, LAW was reconstructed using autogenous mastoid cortical bone. The condition of the reconstructed LAW and tympanomastoid aeration was evaluated by computed tomographic scan or/and otoendoscopy.

Results

The pathological conditions in the attic, the antrum, and the mastoid could be removed with safety in all cases; no serious complications occurred, the new canal appeared to be of normal size and shape, and no dislocation or necrosis of the repaired part was noted. Most of the cases had no significant attic retraction and kept good tympanomastoid aeration postoperatively.

Conclusion

The reconstruction of LAW is especially suited to the cases in our study, and the reconstructed LAW can produce an almost normal anatomical external auditory canal, prevent the formation of attic retraction, and restore the mastoid cavity aeration in most of the cases.     

杜仲水提物对糖尿病大鼠血清和阴茎组织睾酮的影响

目的:研究杜仲水提物对糖尿病(DM)模型大鼠血清和阴茎组织睾酮(T)水平的影响.方法:采用四氧嘧啶两次给药法建立DM模型;30只DM大鼠随机分为赋形剂组(n=10)、西地那非组(n=10)和杜仲组(n=10).灌胃4周后,用放射免疫法检测血清和阴茎组织匀浆液中的睾酮水平;结果:杜仲组血清和阴茎组织睾酮水平显著高于赋形剂组(P＜0.01)和西地那非组(P＜0.01).结论:杜仲可提高DM大鼠血清和阴茎组织睾酮水平.     

白术对慢传输型便秘小鼠短链脂肪酸和肠道屏障的影响

目的：通过观察生白术对慢传输型便秘(STC)小鼠的短链脂肪酸和肠道屏障的影响,探究其治疗STC的作用机制。方法：将48只雄性KM小鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、生白术低、中、高剂量组(2.5、5、10g·kg^-1)及莫沙必利组(2.5 mg·kg^-1)。除空白组外,其余各组均灌胃洛哌丁胺混悬液(5 mg·kg^-1),2次/d,连续灌胃14 d,构建STC小鼠模型。同时各给药组给予相应的药物灌胃治疗,连续14 d,空白组和模型组灌胃等体积蒸馏水。观察生白术治疗对小鼠体质量、排便频率、粪便含水率、肠道推进率的影响;苏木素-伊红(HE)和过碘酸-雪夫(PAS)染色观察小鼠结肠的病理变化;酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测小鼠血清中胃泌素(GAS)和胃动素(MTL)的含量;气相色谱质谱联用法(GC-MS)检测小鼠粪便中短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)的含量;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)和蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测小鼠结肠中闭锁小带蛋白-1(ZO-1)、咬合蛋白(Occludin)和闭合蛋白-...     

鼓窦径路手术治疗先天性外耳道闭锁中耳畸形——附89例临床分析

目的 :探讨鼓窦径路治疗先天性外耳道闭锁中耳畸形的效果及重建耳道再闭锁的预防方法。方法 :回顾性分析 1993～ 1998年 5年间收治的 89例 (94耳 )先天性外耳道闭锁中耳畸形病人 ,均采用鼓窦径路重建外耳道 ,鼓室成形术 ,其中 型 80耳、加高 型 11耳、内耳开窗 3耳。康宁克通 A注射、扩张子扩张等预防耳道再闭锁。结果 :94耳均顺利找到鼓窦 ,开放鼓室 ,行听力重建 ,术后语言频率平均听力提高 2 0 d B以上者 80耳 (85 .1% ) ,提高 2 5 d B以上者 49耳(5 2 .1% )。再造耳道有闭锁征象者经康宁克通 A注射、扩张子扩张取得良好效果。结论 :鼓窦径路治疗先天性外耳道闭锁具有易掌握、安全、省时、效果可靠等特点 ,再造耳道有闭锁征象时应及时处理。     

Correlative investigation of copper/low-density polyethylene nanocomposite on the endometrial angiogenesis in rats

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of copper/low-density polyethylene nanocomposite (nano-Cu/LDPE) on the endometrial angiogenesis in rats, and 100 sexual mature female SD rats were randomly divided into five groups: sham-operation groups (SO group, n = 20), bulk copper groups (Cu group, n = 20), LDPE groups (n = 20), nano-Cu/LDPE groups I (n = 20) and II (n = 20). The levels of angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), its receptor (Tie-2) and CD34 of the rats  endometria in each group were examined by using the S-P method of the immunohistochemistry 30 and 180 days after insertion, respectively. Compared with those in the SO group, the expression of Ang-2 and Tie-2 in all the experimental groups was obviously increased 30 days after insertion, and these parameters in nano-Cu/LDPE groups, except for Ang-2 level in nano-Cu/LDPE group II, were significantly lower in comparison with those in Cu group (P<0.05). On the 180th day after insertion, Ang-2 and Tie-2 levels were still higher in Cu group and LDPE group, but there was no difference of Ang-2 and Tie-2 levels between nano-Cu/LDPE groups and the SO group (P>0.05). Compared with those in the SO group, the significant increases in microvessel density (MVD) were observed on the 30th and the 180th day after the insertion of the bulk copper (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in MVD counts before and after the insertion of nano-Cu/LDPE (P>0.05). The results show that Nano-Cu/LDPE have slighter influence on the endometrial angiogenesis than bulk copper.     

药铜宫内节育器的恒河猴实验研究

实验选用恒河猴放置药铜宫内节育器（ＬＮＧ－Ｃｕ－ＩＵＤ：ＬＮＧ６μｇ／ｄ，Ｃｕ２００ｍｍ２）６个月，以观察其节育效果及月经情况。结果：节育效果好，无妊娠、无脱落；月经改变表现为出血不规则、经量减少及闭经，但取器后即恢复正常；宫腔冲洗液ＰＧｓ放免测定，置器前后ＰＧＥ２、ＰＧＦ２α、６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α浓度无显著差异，ＴＸＢ２明显上升，６－ｋｅｔｏ－ＰＧＦ１α／ＴＸＢ２比值下降，提示ＬＮＧ－Ｃｕ－ＩＵＤ导致周期出血减少可能与此有关；置器后子宫内膜上皮细胞和若干酶活性不同程度受抑。结果提示：兼释ＬＮＧ和Ｃｕ２＋的ＩＵＤ具有节育效果可靠、经血量少等优点，但对月经的影响尚需深入研究。     

Neuronostatin Ameliorates Sodium Taurocholate-Induced Acute Pancreatitis in Rats

Background and Aims

Neuronostatin is encoded in the preprosomatostatin gene and exerts important physiological actions on neuronal and cardiovascular regulation and metabolism in diverse tissues. An intraperitoneal injection of neuronostatin can induce c-Jun expression in the periphery of pancreatic islets. Because of the relatively high amount of neuronostatin present in the pancreas, it is necessary to investigate the effects of neuronostatin on pancreas. Furthermore, little is known about the effect of neuronostatin on acute pancreatitis.

Methods

Neuronostatin (30, 60, and 120 nmol) was injected in to the external jugular vein 30 min before retrograde infusion of 2 % sodium taurocholate into the pancreaticobiliary duct. After 6 h, histological damage of the pancreas was evaluated by pancreas weight and paraffin section. A blood sample was collected to determine the serum amylase and lipase activities.

Results

In our findings, neuronostatin groups had a reduction in interstitial edema, acinar cell vacuolization, and inflammatory infiltration of the pancreas compared with the model group. Biochemical data showed that serum amylase and lipase activities were significantly decreased in neuronostatin-pretreated groups by comparison with the model group.

Conclusions

Histopathologic examination suggests that neuronostatin ameliorated the histological damage of sodium taurocholate-induced acute pancreatitis in rats. The biochemical analysis was consistent with that obtained from histopathologic examination, which was toward a trend of attenuating acute pancreatitis. In summary, neuronostatin might be potentially capable of ameliorating pancreatic damage in acute pancreatitis in rats.     

The effects of resolvin Dl on myocardial dysfunction after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in swine and its potential mechanisms北大核心CSCD

Objective To establish a porcine model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation to explore the effectiveness of resolvin Dl in improving post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction and its potential mechanisms. Methods Twenty-eight male domestic pigs weighing 36 ± 3 kg were utilized. The pig model was established by 8 mins of untreated ventricular fibrillation and then 5 mins of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 7 each): sham operation group (group S), cardiopulmonary resuscitation group (group CPR), low-dose resolvin Dl group (group LRD), and high-dose resolvin Dl group (group HRD). The animals in group S only got the general preparation without the procedure of cardiac arrest and resuscitation. At 5 rain after resuscitation, the doses of resolvin Dl 0. 3 gig/kg and 0. 6 kg/kg were respectively injected via the femoral vein of pigs in LRD and HRD groups, and meanwhile the equal volume of vehicle was given into the animals in the other two groups. At 3 h, 6 h and 24 h after resuscitation, the changes of stroke volume (SV) and global ejection fraction (GEF) were evaluated by a PiCCO monitor, and meanwhile the concentration of cardiac troponin I (cTNI) in serum was measured. At 24 h after resuscitation, the pigs were sacrificed, and myocardial tissue was obtained for the determination of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a), interleukin-6 (IL-6), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Results Compared with group S, significantly decreased SV and GEF and markedly increased concentration of serum cTNI were observed in the other three groups with post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction (all P <0. 05). Compared with group CPR, the values of SV and GEF were significantly increased while the concentration of serum cTNI was significantly decreased in LRD and HRD groups [SV (nil): 28±5, 31 ±5 vs. 23 ±4 at 3 hrs, 32±3, 36±6 vs. 27 ± 6at6hrs,35±5,4l±5vs.29±5at24hrs;GEF(%):l7±2,19i2vs.l4±lat3hrs,20±2,23 ±3 vs. 16±3 at6 hrs, 23±2, 26±3 vs. 20±2 at 24 hrs; cTNI (pg/nil):247±34, 230 ±26 vs. 324 ± 56 at3 hrs, 553 ±37, 501 ±34 vs. 611 ±44 at 6 hrs, 436 ±23, 371 ±29 vs. 553 ±47 at24 hrs, all P< 0. 05]. Compared with group LRD, myocardial function and serum markers were further significantly improved in group HRD (all P <0. 05). The inflammation and oxidative stress in myocardial tissue were observed in all the animals experiencing cardiac arrest and resuscitation, which were indicated by increased levels of TNF-a, IL-6 and MDA and decreased SOD activity. Compared with group CPR, the levels of TNF-a, IL-6 and MDA were significantly decreased while SOD activity was significantly increased in LRD and HRD groups [TNF-A (pg/mi): 442 ±87, 218 ±55 vs. 653 ± 112; IL-6 (pg/nil): 563 ± 68, 403±61 vs. 824±117; MDA (nmol/mg):3. 95±0. 96,2. 54±1. 2lvs. 6. 37±1. 26; SOD (U/mg): 2. 27±0. 93, 3. 36±0. 74 vs. 0. 89±0. 31, all P<0. 05). The morbidity of myocardial inflammation and oxidative stress were further significantly ameliorated in group HRD evidenced by the figure of biomarkers compared with group LRD (all P <0. 05). Conclusions Resolvin Dl can improve post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction in a dose-dependent manner in swine, and the mechanism is related to the inhibition of inflammation and oxidative stress.