523例变态反应性皮肤病患者过敏原检测结果分析

目的：探讨变态反应性皮肤病患者常见过敏原的分布特征。方法：对本院皮肤科门诊523例变态反应性皮肤病患者按荨麻疹组（322例）和皮炎、湿疹组（201例）进行分类;应用德国MORA-SUPER生物共振治疗仪对患者进行吸入、食入、其他变应原检测,进行相关统计学分析。结果：过敏原阳性率荨麻疹组为87.89%,皮炎、湿疹组为83.08%;从过敏原分布特征来看,以多种、多组物质过敏的患者为多;皮炎、湿疹组内少年组与中老年组之间阳性率差异较大。荨麻疹组前十位过敏原是：螨和昆虫（占54.97%）、霉菌（占49.38%）、海鲜类（占31.37%）、组胺（占20.50%）、酵母（占14.91%）、食用防腐剂（占14.29%）、抗氧化剂（占13.66%）、蛋黄（占12.11%）、甜味剂（占9.01%）、香料和药草（占7.45%）;皮炎、湿疹组前十位过敏原是：螨和昆虫（占55.22%）、霉菌（占36.82%）、海鲜类（占31.84）、重金属（占15.92%）、抗氧化剂（占13.43%）、组胺（占12.44%）、食用防腐剂（占11.44%）、酵母（占8.46%）、谷类（占7.96%）、蛋黄（占7.46%）、广泛环境毒素（占7.46%）。结论：变态反应性皮肤病患者的过敏原分布具有一定特征,可为本地区过敏性疾病的预防和i台疗提供一定依据。     

系统性硬化合并神经系统损害临床分析（附12例报告）

目的总结系统性硬化（SSc）神经系统损害的临床特点。方法对我院1983年1月至2007年12月收治的313例SSc住院患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果共有12例患者合并神经系统损害,男1例,女11例。其中周围神经病变6例,表现为多发性单神经病、远端不对称性多发性神经病,2例合并多发性肌炎和重症肌无力;中枢神经系统受累6例,表现为癫痫、多发脑白质脱髓鞘、颅内压升高、脑梗死等。5例患者抗ScL-70阳性。行肌电图检查8例,6例有神经源性损害和（或）肌源性损害。7例行头颅MR或CT检查,5例有异常发现,包括脑白质脱髓鞘病变、脑梗死、脑缺血和（或）脑积水等。2例合并周围神经病变的患者给予激素及免疫抑制剂治疗后症状减轻。结论SSc神经系统损害中年女性多见,周围和中枢神经系统均可受累。     

危重症肠黏膜屏障功能障碍的机制研究

肠黏膜具有选择性渗透吸收营养物质和防御肠道内微生物及致炎因子入侵等屏障功能。在正常情况下肠道屏障功能使细菌和内毒素局限在肠道内,防止机体受内源性微生物及其毒素的侵害。在严重感染、创伤、手术、休克、重症胰腺炎等应激状态或长期进行肠外营养的情况下,肠黏膜发生缺血缺氧损伤,其结构和功能可能受到严重损害,导致肠黏膜屏障功能障碍,发生肠道细菌易位,引起全身炎性反应综合征甚至诱发多脏器功能衰竭而危及生命。因此,肠屏障功能已成为判断危重患者预后的重要指标之一,了解肠屏障功能损伤的机制对于防治多脏器功能衰竭有重要的临床意义。     

非水液相微萃取-高效液相色谱法测定大黄中5种游离葸醌类化合物

目的利用非水液相微萃取-高效液相色谱法（HPLC）同时测定大黄中游离蒽醌类化合物的含量。方法利用自制的液相微萃取装置,以聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维为溶剂载体,正己醇为萃取溶剂,供相为甲醇,接受相为1mmol／L NaOH,搅拌速度为1500r／min,萃取时间为50min。萃取结束,接受相在434nm处进行HPLC分析。结果在优化的液相微萃取条件下,芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚和大黄素甲醚的线性范围、回收率、精密度和检测限分别为：0.015～13.2、0.075～11.2、0.085～12.8、0.096～14.4、0.117～17.6μg／ml;103.8％～106.1％;2.5％～5.2％和2.9.20.0ng／ml。结论本法选择性高,有机溶剂消耗少,能快速、准确地测定大黄药材中游离蒽醌类化合物。     

Mapping amorphous material on a partially crystalline surface: nanothermal analysis for simultaneous characterisation and imaging of lactose compacts

The use of nanothermal analysis for mapping amorphous and crystalline lactose at a nanoscale is explored. Compressed tablets of amorphous and crystalline lactose (alone and mixed) were prepared and localised thermomechanical analysis (L-TMA) performed using micro- and nanothermal analysis in a addition to single point variable temperature pull-off force measurements. L-TMA was shown to be able to identify the different materials at a nanoscale via measurement of the thermal events associated with the amorphous and crystalline regions, while pull off force measurements showed that the adhesion of the amorphous material increased on approaching the T(g). Imaging was performed isothermally using topographic and pulsed force mode (PFM) measurements; both approaches were capable of discriminating two regions which L-TMA conformed to correspond to the two materials. In addition, force volume imaging (FVI) is suggested as a further approach to mapping the surfaces. We demonstrate that performing heated tip PFM measurements at a temperature close to the T(g) allows greater discrimination between the two regions. We therefore suggest that the nanothermal approach allows both characterisation and imaging of partially amorphous surfaces, and also demonstrate that heated tip imaging allows greater discrimination between crystalline and amorphous materials than is possible using ambient studies.     

Phenylpropanoid glycosides from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Heterosmilax erythrantha</Emphasis> and their antioxidant activity

By various chromatographic methods, one new phenylpropanoid glycoside, heterosmilaside (1), two known phenylpropanoid glycosides, helonioside B (2), and 2′,6′-diacetyl-3,6-diferuloyl sucrose (3), and three known flavonoids, isoquercetin (4), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (5), and quercetin-3-O-(2″-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (6) were isolated from the methanolic extract of the aerial part of Heterosmilax erythrantha Baill. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses. All the isolated compounds were tested for antioxidant activity in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Among them, compounds 5 and 6 showed significant antioxidant activity with SC₅₀ values of 3.7 and 6.5 μg/mL, respectively.     

A biochemical approach to identifying microRNA targets

Identifying the downstream targets of microRNAs (miRNAs) is essential to understanding cellular regulatory networks. We devised a direct biochemical method for miRNA target discovery that combined RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC) purification with microarray analysis of bound mRNAs. Because targets of miR-124a have been analyzed, we chose it as our model. We honed our approach both by examining the determinants of stable binding between RISC and synthetic target RNAs in vitro and by determining the dependency of both repression and RISC coimmunoprecipitation on miR-124a seed sites in two of its well characterized targets in vivo. Examining the complete spectrum of miR-124 targets in 293 cells yielded both a set that were down-regulated at the mRNA level, as previously observed, and a set whose mRNA levels were unaffected by miR-124a. Reporter assays validated both classes, extending the spectrum of mRNA targets that can be experimentally linked to the miRNA pathway.     

Genomewide linkage analysis of the granulomatous mitsuda reaction implicates chromosomal regions 2q35 and 17q21

The Mitsuda reaction, a delayed granulomatous skin reaction elicited by the intradermal injection of heat-killed Mycobacterium leprae, is an in vivo test reflecting the ability to generate an immune granuloma after sensitization by diverse mycobacterial infections. Accumulating evidence for the genetic control of the Mitsuda reaction has been reported. We performed a genomewide linkage scan for the quantitative Mitsuda reaction in 19 large families from Vietnam with a history of leprosy (114 offspring). Suggestive linkage was found at chromosomal regions 2q35 (P = 9 x 10(-4) at the SLC11A1 locus) and 17q21-25 (P = 8 x 10(-4)). Interestingly, these 2 regions have been previously linked to mycobacterial infection and other granulomatous diseases.     

Relapsing neuromyelitis optica and relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: differentiation at diffusion-tensor MR imaging of corpus callosum

PURPOSE: To prospectively assess sensitivity and specificity of diffusion indexes of the corpus callosum (CC) for differentiating relapsing neuromyelitis optica (RNMO) from relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), by using final clinical diagnosis as the reference standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Participants provided informed consent; the study was approved by the institutional review board. Forty-six consecutive patients with RRMS (18 men, 28 women; mean age, 37.7 years; range, 18-58 years) and 26 consecutive patients with RNMO (two men, 24 women; mean age, 38.6 years; range, 19-59 years) underwent diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance imaging. Mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of the region of interest (ROI) of the CC in the midsagittal plane were measured and used as discriminative indexes. Bayesian classification with leave-one-out cross-validation was used to determine diagnostic accuracy. Differences in diffusion indexes of ROIs among groups were evaluated by using the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by the Mann-Whitney U test for multiple comparisons and Bonferroni correction. RESULTS: Mean MD (8.48 x 10(-4) mm(2)/sec) and FA (0.729) of the ROI in patients with RNMO were significantly (P<.001) different from those (MD=10.64 x 10(-4) mm(2)/sec, FA=0.599) in patients with RRMS. Sensitivity and specificity for differentiation were 92.3% (24 of 26 patients with RNMO) and 93.5% (43 of 46 patients with RRMS) for FA and 88.5% (23 of 26 patients with RNMO) and 89.1% (41 of 46 patients with RRMS) for MD, respectively. CONCLUSION: Measurement of diffusion indexes of the CC may be useful for distinguishing patients with RNMO from those with RRMS.