Synovial sarcoma in childhood: Clinical and radiological findings

Objective: To study the clinical characteristics andradiological features of synovial sarcoma in childhood and its relation to the diagnosis and treatment. Methods: The clinical radiological features of 15 children with synovial sarcoma proved surgically and pathologically were analyzed. Results: In children, the tumor boundaries are poorly defined due to paucity of fat, and metastasis usually occurs early. Eight patients in this series had bone involvement, including: direct erosion by tumor causing cortical destruction, indirect pressure defect with sharp margin and reactive bone sclerosis and bone destruction of the primary intraosseous synovial sarcoma. Conclusion: The tumor is often misdiagnosed, the final confirmed diagnosis must be made by histological examination with imaging findings. It is emphasized that the patients should be treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy preoperatively and postoperatively.     

放疗病房发生医院感染的原因分析

为了解放疗病房医院感染的发病情况，对1995年8月～1996年7月间所有的放疗科的160例住院病人进行回顾性分析。结果发现年医院感染发病率为19．4％（31／160），年例次发病率为21．3％（34／l160）。有无基础病的发病率差异显著，接受抗癌治疗的病人处在多种致病危险因素之中。以抑制免疫功能、降低抵抗力为主要致病原因。感染发生的疾病前三位为临床败血症、急性支气管炎、肺部感染。因此，提醒人们发生在放疗病房的医院感染有其特殊性，要加强对放疗科各级医务人员的医院感染知识的教育，以便对发生的感染能够及时、有效的控制。     

川山橙化学成分的研究

从川山橙Melodinushemsleyanus中分得10个化合物，用光谱方法和化学反应鉴定了它们的结构，分别为：11-hydroxytabersonine（Ⅰ），scandine（Ⅱ），10-hydroxyscandine（Ⅲ），tubotaiwine（Ⅳ），tubotaiwineN－oxide（Ⅴ），15α－hydroxykopsinine（Ⅵ），vincoline（Ⅶ），19R－vindolinineN－oxide（Ⅷ），16β-hyaroxy－19R－vindolinine（Ⅸ）和16β-hydroxy－19S－vindolinineN－oxide（Ⅹ），其中Ⅹ为新化合物，药理筛选表明化合物Ⅰ有一定的抗肿瘤活性。     

肿瘤标记物和CT联检对肺癌的诊断价值

目的:探讨多种肿瘤标记物检测联合CT扫描在肺癌诊断中的价值。方法:90例肺癌和20例肺良性病变患者与20名正常人,检测其血清NSE、CEA和CYFRA21-1三项肿瘤标记物含量,同时行肺部CT扫描检查。结果:肺癌组血清三项肿瘤标记物含量均高于正常对照组和肺良性病变组,P=0·000;NSE在小细胞肺癌中高表达(36·21±19·01)μg/L,CEA在肺腺癌中高表达(50·09±25·36)μg/L,CYFRA21-1在肺鳞癌中高表达(17·72±12·05)μg/L,三项肿瘤标记物的血清浓度与肺癌病理类型有关,P=0·001;肿瘤标记物和CT扫查对肺癌分型诊断总体符合率分别为79·2%和62·5%,联合检测的总体符合率为87·8%,联合检测优于单项检测,P=0·039;三项肿瘤标记物的含量在肺癌各期间差异无统计学意义,P>0·05。结论:多种肿瘤标记物联检,可提高肺癌分型的诊断符合率,结合CT分期有助于选择针对性的治疗方案。肿瘤防治杂志,2005,12(19):1480-1482     

高效液相色谱法测定术前儿童口服复方氯胺酮的血药浓度

目的测定儿童口服复方氯胺酮的血药浓度并探讨血药浓度与药效学的关系。方法用高效液相方法测定用药后不同时点氯胺酮(KET)、咪达唑仑(MZ)、阿托品(AT)的血药浓度;观察药物显效时间、镇静止痛效果。结果KET的tmax=(30±15)min,Cmax=(633±121)ng·mL-1;MZ的tmax=(30±15)min,Cmax=(105±35)ng·mL-1。患儿服药(10±4)min,血中可测到KET、MZ的含量;(30±20)min达峰;未检测到AT。结论复方氯胺酮口服液起效时间与其血药浓度高峰期相近。     

乌司他丁在烧伤临床应用的评价

乌司他丁(UTI)是由人尿提取精制的一种糖蛋白，新的广谱酶抑制剂，具有抑制多种蛋白酶的活性、稳定细胞膜、溶酶体膜、清除氧自由基、调控失性介质释放、抑制过度失性介质产生等功能。诸如对各类蛋白质、糖和脂类的水解酶、胰蛋白酶及肌酸激酶(CPK)等的活性均有抑制作用。     

宫颈开口监测仪器的研制

介绍一种新研制成功的宫颈开口监测仪器,该仪器是基于单片机系统的、全中文操作界面的、便携式仪器.从工程上解决了对产妇宫颈开口那样一种特殊环境下,特殊生理位置的实时监测问题.     

Tempol reduces reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in anaesthetized rats.

The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) contributes to reperfusion-induced arrhythmias. In the present study, the antiarrhythmic effects of tempol and tiron, two membrane-permeable radical scavengers, on reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in rats in vivo were investigated. The anaesthetized rats were subjected to 5 min of left descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion followed by 30 min of reperfusion. All rats pretreated with saline developed ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) at the onset of reperfusion, and most of the rats died from irreversible VF at the end of reperfusion. However, pretreatment with tempol (30 or 100 mg kg(-1)) 5 min before reperfusion reduced mortality, arrhythmia score and the incidence and duration of VT and VF. In the rats pretreated with high dose of tempol (100 mg kg(-1)), no VF happened and all rats were alive at the end of the experiment. The arrhythmia score was also significantly decreased compared with that of rats pretreated with saline (0.80 +/- 0.4 versus 5.6 +/- 0.4, P < 0.01). Tiron also provided nearly complete protection against reperfusion-induced arrhythmias when given 2 min before reperfusion. On the other hand, intravenous administration of tempol induced decreases in mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and pressure rate index (PRI), a relative indicator of myocardial oxygen consumption. In order to determine whether the antiarrhythmic effects of tempol were secondary to the reduction of myocardial oxygen consumption, continuous electrical stimulation of the aortic depressor nerve (3 V, 10 ms and 10 Hz) was carried out in a group of rats to induce decreases in MAP, HR and PRI similar to those in the high dose of Tempol group. However, these rats did not show significant changes in the severity of reperfusion-induced arrhythmias. We conclude that both tempol and tiron significantly reduce reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in rats, and this protective action is independent of hemodynamic effects.     

人工耳蜗植入者音乐感知能力的初步研究

目的　建立测试人工耳蜗植入者音乐感知能力的体系 ,研究语后聋成人和语前聋儿童人工耳蜗植入后对音乐感知的能力。方法　构建测试用的标准钢琴音调和乐曲测试素材库 ,运用该素材库在CakewalkPro 8.0平台上进行音调和乐曲的感知能力测试 ,测试对象包括已植入多导人工耳蜗的 2名语后聋成人、8名语前聋儿童和各自的正常对照组。结果　建立了一个可用于人工耳蜗植入者音乐感知能力测试的系统。音调差异感知阈 (df/f)在植入人工耳蜗的语后聋成人和语前聋儿童分别为 7.78%± 6 .6 3%和 14 .4 9%± 11.2 0 % ,与各自正常人对照组比较有显著性差异 ;但两组间无显著性差异。植入人工耳蜗的语后聋成人在熟悉乐曲测试中 ,对正确乐曲的感知差异度为 - 2 .75± 0 .35 (半音 ) ,离散度为 1.5 0± 0 .71(半音 ) ,都与正常成人有显著性差异。结论　运用数字音乐技术和MIDI软件建立的这一测试系统能够方便的测试人工耳蜗植入者的音乐感知能力。人工耳蜗植入者音乐感知能力不及正常人