代谢综合征体重指数与血脂参数的相关性分析

目的 观察代谢综合征患者的血脂代谢异常,探讨体重指数与血脂多项参数的相关性及临床意义.方法 选取179例代谢综合征患者为观察组,183例健康人为对照组,分别测定总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇并计算体重指数.结果 观察组和对照组的血总胆固醇分别为(5.56±4.67)mmol/L和(4.32±0.86)mmol/L(P<0.01),甘油三酯分别为(2.92±1.82)mmol/L和(1.29±0.67)mmol/L(P<0.01),体重指数分别为(26.66±3.17)kg/m2和(22.70±2.78)kg/m=(P<0.01);代谢综合征组体重指数与血甘油三酯之间呈中度显著正相关(P<0.01);体重指数与体重之间呈高度显著正相关(P<0.01).结论 代谢综合征血脂代谢异常,多数患者存在超重或肥胖,体重指数在临床工作与社区卫生服务工作中对代谢综合征患者有实用价值的观察指标.     

Lesion of the tuberomammillary nucleus E2-region attenuates postictal seizure protection in rats

Postictal seizure protection (PSP) is an endogenous anticonvulsant phenomenon that follows an epileptic seizure and inhibits the induction of further seizures. The tuberomammillary nucleus (TM), located in the posterior hypothalamus, consists of five subregions and is the sole source of histaminergic neurons in the brain. To determine whether the TM is involved in PSP in rats, we tested the effects of bilateral electrolytic lesions of the TM E2-region on seizures induced by intermittent maximal electroshock (MES). The TM E2-region lesions significantly attenuated PSP during the intermittent MES procedure. Furthermore, intracerebroventricular injection of alpha-fluoromethylhistidine (100 microg), a selective and irreversible histidine decarboxylase inhibitor, mimicked the attenuation of PSP induced by the lesion of TM E2-region. In addition, neurochemical experiments revealed that the TM E2-region lesions markedly decreased basal histamine levels in the cortex, hippocampus, brainstem and hypothalamus, but had no significant effect on basal glutamate and GABA levels. Moreover, intermittent MES induced a persistent decrease of brain histamine levels in both sham-operated and lesioned rats. These results indicate that through its intrinsic histaminergic system, the TM may exert powerful inhibitory function during the intermittent MES procedure and actively participate in the mechanisms of PSP.     

Low-frequency stimulation of cerebellar fastigial nucleus inhibits amygdaloid kindling acquisition in Sprague-Dawley rats

Low-frequency stimulation (LFS) of the kindling focus or the piriform cortex inhibits kindling epileptogenesis, but whether LFS of brain targets outside the limbic system has anticonvulsive actions remain unknown. The current study was designed to investigate the effect of LFS of the cerebellar fastigial nucleus (FN) on seizure progression induced by amygdaloid kindling. Stimulation at 1 Hz (15-min train of 0.1-ms pulses, 100 muA), but not at 3 Hz, in the ipsilateral FN immediately after the daily kindling stimulus (1-s train of 1-ms pulses at 60 Hz and 100-300 muA) significantly inhibited the seizure stage and afterdischarge duration in kindling acquisition. Neither 1 Hz nor 3 Hz stimulation of the contralateral FH had any significant effect. It is interesting that delaying delivery (immediately after the cessation of afterdischarge) of LFS in the ipsilateral FN accelerated the rate of kindling acquisition compared to controls. Our study suggests that LFS of targets outside the limbic system, such as the FN, may have a significant anti-epileptogenic action, and the effects of LFS depend on the frequency and timing of stimulation.     

小红参的化学成分研究

小红参的化学成分研究徐晓莹，周金云，方起程（中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学药物研究所，北京１０００５０）小红参（Ｒｕｂｉａｙｕｎｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓ（Ｆｒａｎｃｈ）Ｄｉｅｌｓ）是茜草科茜草属植物云南茜草的根（１）。民间根据小红参有温经通络、活血祛风、软坚...     

毛细管气相色谱法测定人血清中二十二碳六烯酸的浓度

毛细管气相色谱法测定人血清中二十二碳六烯酸的浓度李青翠张驰彭会明夏桂珠（北京医科大学药学院，北京１０００８３；山西省药品检验所，太原０３０００１）二十二碳六烯酸（ｃｉｓ４，７，１０，１３，１６，１９ｄｏｃｏｓａｈｅｘｅｎｏｉｃａｃｉｄ，Ｄ...     

保守治疗人工流产术后残留效果及相关因素探讨

目的:探讨影响人工流产术后残留保守治疗的相关因素,为临床有效诊断提供和治疗依据。方法:采用单纯随机抽样方法,选取101例人工流产术后残留者,随机分成米非司酮不同剂量3组(50mg/d×28d,100mg/d×14d,200mg/d×7d)和对照组,比较各组治疗效果;根据治疗效果分为治愈组和非治愈组,比较年龄、体重、孕产次、治疗后出血时间,血β-hCG基线值、B超测得的残留物大小等指标,采用秩和检验及logistic回归方法分析影响米非司酮治愈人工流产后残留的相关因素。结果:米非司酮200mg/d×7d剂量组治愈率最高(P<0.05)。治愈组较未治愈组血β-hCG值低,宫内残留组织小,治疗后出血时间短,残留组织血流阻力指数大(P均<0.05)。logistic回归分析表明,米非司酮的剂量、血β-hCG基线值、B超下宫内残留组织大小、宫内残留组织血流阻力指数与治疗效果相关(P<0.05)。结论:人工流产术后残留采用米非司酮治疗时,短时间大剂量应用最为有效。血β-hCG基线值、宫内残留物大小和血流阻力指数是判断治疗效果的主要相关因素。     

青蒿琥酯对卫氏并殖吸虫童虫体内外杀虫效果观察

目的观察青蒿琥酯对卫氏并殖吸虫童虫的杀虫效果。方法卫氏并殖吸虫囊蚴腹腔注射法感染大鼠,10d后按不同剂量服用青蒿琥酯,首次剂量加倍,连用6d。30d后剖解大鼠,观察青蒿琥酯减虫率;并与吡喹酮作比较;正常对照组童虫做体外培养,观察童虫在药液中的活动情况。结果服药后,青蒿琥酯低、中、高三个剂量组、吡喹酮组及对照组童虫检出率分别为26.1%、16.9%、15.9%、2.25%、83.6%,童虫重量减轻,体形减小(P<0.05);体外培养,病理组织切片表明:用药组童虫体棘都有改变。结论青蒿琥酯对卫氏并殖吸虫童虫有一定的杀灭效果。     

Identification of a Novel Clone,ST736, among Enterococcus faecium Clinical Isolates and Its Association with Daptomycin Nonsusceptibility

Resistance to daptomycin in enterococcal clinical isolates remains rare but is being increasingly reported in the United States and worldwide. There are limited data on the genetic relatedness and microbiological and clinical characteristics of daptomycin-nonsusceptible enterococcal clinical isolates. In this study, we assessed the population genetics of daptomycin-nonsusceptible Enterococcus faecium (DNSE) clinical isolates by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and whole-genome sequencing analysis. Forty-two nonduplicate DNSE isolates and 43 randomly selected daptomycin-susceptible E. faecium isolates were included in the analysis. All E. faecium isolates were recovered from patients at a tertiary care medical center in suburban New York City from May 2009 through December 2013. The daptomycin MICs of the DNSE isolates ranged from 6 to >256 μg/ml. Three major clones of E. faecium (ST18, ST412, and ST736) were identified among these clinical isolates by MLST and whole-genome sequence-based analysis. A newly recognized clone, ST736, was seen in 32 of 42 (76.2%) DNSE isolates and in only 14 of 43 (32.6%) daptomycin-susceptible E. faecium isolates (P < 0.0001). This report provides evidence of the association between E. faecium clone ST736 and daptomycin nonsusceptibility. The identification and potential spread of this novel E. faecium clone and its association with daptomycin nonsusceptibility constitute a challenge for patient management and infection control at our medical center.