围手术期优质护理配合心理护理对子宫脱垂合并肠疝患者的效果观察

目的观察围手术期优质护理配合心理护理对子宫脱垂合并肠疝患者的应用效果。 方法选取2017年2月至2020年7月阜阳市妇女儿童医院收治的子宫脱垂合并肠疝患者60例作为研究对象,所有患者均接受阴式子宫切除术联合阴道前后壁修补术,随机分为2组,每组患者30例。对照组接受围手术期常规护理方案,观察组则在对照组的基础上接受围手术期优质护理配合心理护理方案。比较2组患者干预前后的子宫脱垂情况、与发病机制相关的氧化应激因子以及生活质量影响情况。 结果观察组优质护理干预后的子宫脱垂测量点表现优于对照组（P<0.05）;观察组干预后转化生长因子-β1、基质金属蛋白酶-2及基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子-2较对照组有改善（P<0.05）;观察组在干预后及出院3个月的生活质量评分优于对照组（P<0.05）。 结论给予子宫脱垂合并肠疝患者围手术期优质护理配合心理护理的应用具有显著的临床疗效,不仅有效改善患者的子宫脱垂情况及氧化应激水平,还可提高患者的生活质量。     

Keyhole与Sugarbaker术治疗造口旁疝单中心十年疗效对比

目的探讨造口旁疝不同手术方式的治疗效果。 方法回顾性分析2012-2022年山东省立医院收治的102例采用Keyhole或Sugarbaker术式进行造口旁疝修补患者的临床资料,其中Keyhole术40例,Sugarbaker术62例,根据是否为腹腔镜辅助又分为开放组21例,腔镜组81例。观察不同手术组在手术时间、住院时间、术中出血量、术后胃肠功能恢复时间以及腹胀、疼痛、切口感染、肠漏、肠梗阻、肠坏死等并发症,并随访术后复发情况。 结果手术时间：Keyhole组较Sugarbaker组长（P<0.05）,开放组较腔镜组长（P<0.05）;腹胀发生率：开放组显著高于腔镜组（P<0.05）;其余指标虽有差异,但无统计学意义。 结论无论采用Keyhole还是Sugarbaker术式、开放或腹腔镜手术进行造口旁疝修补,在严重并发症和复发率方面都是相似的,采用Sugarbaker术较Keyhole术手术时间更短,Keyhole组复发率高,但差异无统计学意义。开放手术用时更长,术后腹胀情况更重。     

Gout-associated uric acid crystals induce tophi ulcerations and impair wound healing in a novel gouty ulcer model

This study aimed to establish a novel gouty ulcer rat model induced by monosodium urate (MSU) deposition and preliminarily explored how MSU crystals affected wound healing. MSU crystals were subcutaneously injected into the back of rats to simulate tophi formation and ulceration. Ultrasound was used to detect the formation of gouty tophi. MSU crystal deposition and histopathological changes were analysed by haematoxylin–eosin staining. After the skin over the tophi became broken in the model group, a full-thickness tissue defect of the same area was made on the backs of the phosphate buffered saline (PBS) controls. On Days 3, 7, and 14 after wounding, the infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages and the expression of inflammatory markers, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), were examined by immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting, respectively. After the first subcutaneous injection in rats, local tissues showed redness and swelling, indicating inflammation on approximately Day 14. Tophi-like manifestations appeared on approximately Day 18. Tophi appeared heterogeneously hyperechoic by ultrasound. Swelling and redness in injured tissue areas increased on approximately Day 22, skin tissue necrosis was seen in a small area on approximately Day 26, and skin necrosis was enlarged and the tophi were ulcerated on approximately Day 32, accompanied by yellowish-white, chalky secretions. Haematoxylin and eosin staining showed dermal deposition of needle-like crystals with surrounding granulomatous inflammation. On Days 3, 7, and 14 after wounding, immunohistochemical staining showed the infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages, and the expression of inflammation-related proteins (IL-1β, TNF-α, and NLRP3) were upregulated in gouty ulcers compared with those of PBS controls. The gouty ulcers were not completely healed by Day 14 compared with those in the PBS controls. In this study, a novel gouty ulcer rat model was constructed, which also revealed the existence of persistent chronic inflammation.     

How Often Do Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy Results Affect Adjuvant Therapy Decisions Among Postmenopausal Women with Early-Stage HR+/HER2− Breast Cancer in the Post-RxPONDER Era?

Background

The RxPONDER trial reported no benefit to chemotherapy among postmenopausal patients with HR⁺/HER2^? tumors, one to three positive nodes, and low recurrence scores, questioning the role of axillary staging in this population. Here, we evaluate the impact of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) results on adjuvant therapy decisions in postmenopausal women with HR⁺/HER2^? breast cancer.

Patients and Methods

Postmenopausal women with cT1–2N0, HR⁺/HER2^? breast cancer treated with lumpectomy and SLNB from 2012 to 2018 were identified. Receipt of nodal irradiation, indication for axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) and chemotherapy, and partial breast irradiation (PBI) eligibility were reviewed with pre- and post-SLNB results.

Results

A total of 1786 women were identified: median age 62 years, 84% with pT1 tumors, and 16% with pT2–3 tumors. Of those, 85% (n = 1525) remained pN0, 14% (n = 244) were pN1, and 1% (n = 17) were pN2–3. A total of 20 (1%) patients had > 2 positive SLNs, necessitating ALND. Pre-SLNB, 1478 women were considered PBI eligible; post-SLNB, 227 (13%) converted to PBI ineligible. In total, 58 patients with positive nodes received nodal irradiation, representing 3% of the entire cohort and 22% of pN+ patients. Overall, 1401 patients had an Oncotype DX recurrence score available, including 1273 patients with pN0 stage and 128 with pN1, with 173 (14%) and 16 (13%), respectively, having a recurrence score > 25, warranting chemotherapy.

Conclusions

While few cN0 postmenopausal women with HR⁺/HER2^? tumors had nodal pathology that warranted ALND, receipt of nodal irradiation, or indicated need for chemotherapy, in 13%, SLNB would have an impact on consideration for PBI. Among patients eligible for PBI, findings from SLNB may help refine selection among postmenopausal women with this tumor profile.

     

Nomogram to Predict Incomplete Cytoreduction for Pseudomyxoma Peritonei

Backgrounds

The completeness of cytoreduction is one of the most important prognostic factors for patients with pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP). To date, no nomograms have been established to predict incomplete cytoreduction (IC) for patients with PMP. The current study therefore proposed a nomogram to predict individual IC risk for PMP patients.

Methods

Between 1 June 2013, and 22 November 2019, 144 consecutive PMP patients who underwent cytoreductive surgery (CRS) combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for the first time in our center were included in a retrospective study. Possible predictors of cytoreducibility were analyzed using logistic regression modeling to predict IC for PMP patients. A nomogram was developed based on the multivariate analysis and further investigated for internal validation.

Results

After CRS, the 144 participants were divided into complete CRS (CCRS) (n = 46) and IC (n = 98) subgroups. Four independent predictors (sex, disease duration, anemia, and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 199)) were included in the prediction model. Then, a nomogram predicting IC was established based on the aforementioned variables, which demonstrated good predictive accuracy (C-index, 0.837; 95 % confidence interval [CI], 0.764–0.894). The predicted probability was close to the actual observed outcome according to the calibration plot.

Conclusions

The current work led to the development of a nomogram capable of predicting IC for PMP patients who demonstrated good performance. Risk stratification by the established nomogram had ability to optimize individual IC prediction and help physicians to establish meticulous preoperative plans.

     

Preoperative Microvascular Invasion Prediction to Assist in Surgical Plan for Single Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Better Together with Radiomics

Annals of Surgical Oncology - Prediction models with or without radiomic analysis for microvascular invasion (MVI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been reported, but the potential for...     

人肝、肾ABO血型抗原表达差异的初步研究

目的比较人肝、肾ABO血型抗原表达的差异,探索ABO血型抗原在血型抗体介导排斥反应中的作用。 方法ABO血型为A型和B型血的公民逝世后器官捐献供者各4例,O型血对照2例。获取供者肝脏和双肾后,留取肾动脉、肾静脉、肾组织、肝动脉、肝静脉、门静脉和肝组织标本,运用蛋白质印迹法(WB)和免疫组织化学法检测ABO血型抗原的含量和分布。 结果WB检测结果显示,同一供者不同部位ABO血型抗原含量并不一致。在同一个体内,A型抗原在肾组织和门静脉含量最高,在肾动脉含量最低;B型抗原在肝静脉及肾组织含量最高,在肾动脉、肾静脉及肝组织含量最低。不同个体之间,同一部位血型抗原含量差别也较大。通过免疫组织化学法检测,进一步发现血型抗原在肝、肾组织和血管中的分布与WB结果基本一致。 结论ABO血型抗原在不同血型、个体和器官之间均存在不同程度差异,这种差异也可能会影响ABO血型不相容器官移植的结局。