人脑纹状体边缘区参与听觉数字工作记忆的功能磁共振研究

目的：本实验拟通过正常人的功能磁共振研究，检测人脑纹状体边缘区是否参与了听觉数字工作记忆的过程。方法：选取13名健康志愿者分别进行听觉数字工作记忆和听觉非记忆任务作业，同时进行功能磁共振检查，检测脑区在不同任务下的激活情况。结果：11名受试者通过了数字工作记忆任务作业。功能磁共振结果显示受试者在进行听觉数字工作记忆时具有左侧优势的双侧前额叶皮层和左侧纹状体边缘区均有激活，出现高信号区，其他脑区激活不明显。而在进行听觉非记忆任务作业时，受试者的前额叶和边缘区均无明显激活。结论：左侧纹状体边缘区与前额叶一起参与了人脑的听觉数字工作记忆过程，边缘区可能是一个联系着其他学习记忆相关脑区的皮层下中枢。     

5-氟尿嘧啶/纳米蒙脱土缓释药物的制备及性能

目的:制备5-氟尿嘧啶/纳米蒙脱土缓释系统,并对其进行体外释药研究.方法:采用离子交换法将5-氟尿嘧啶插层到蒙脱土片层间,通过X射线衍射(X ray diffraction,XRD)和FTIR对5-氟尿嘧啶/纳米蒙脱土缓释系统的性能进行表征,紫外分光光度计定量分析药物的体外累积释药量.结果:插层后的蒙脱土层间距由1.492 nm增大到1.736 nm,说明5-氟尿嘧啶已经成功插入蒙脱土片层间;药物体外持续释放时间超过6 h,证实制备的复合药物具有良好的缓释效果.结论:5-氟尿嘧啶/纳米蒙脱土缓释系统具有良好的缓释效果.     

Aromatic acid derivatives from the lateral roots of Aconitum carmichaelii

Seven new aromatic acid derivatives (1–7), together with five known analogs, were isolated from the lateral roots of Aconitum carmichaelii. Structures of the new compounds were determined by spectroscopic and chemical methods as 4-methyl ( ? )-(R)-hydroxyeucomate (1), 4-butyl ( ? )-(R)-hydroxyeucomate (2), 4-butyl-1-methyl (+)-(R)-2-O-(4′-hydroxy-3′-methoxybenzoyl)malate (3), 1-butyl-4-methyl (+)-(R)-2-O-(4′-hydroxy-3′-methoxybenzoyl)malate (4), dimethyl (+)-(R)-2-O-(4′-hydroxy-3′-methoxybenzoyl)malate (5), dimethyl (+)-(R)-2-O-(4′-hydroxybenzoyl)malate (6), and methyl ( ± )-3-(4′-hydroxy-3′-methoxyphenyl)-3-sulfopropionate (7), respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 are 2-benzylmalates (eucomate derivatives), 3–6 belong to 2-O-benzoylmalates, and 7 is a rare phenylpropionate containing a sulfonic acid group. The absolute configurations of eucomate derivatives were confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis of 4-methyl eucomate (11).     

Two new chromene derivatives from Artemisia songarica

Abstract

Two new chromene derivatives, songaricachromenes A (1) and B (2), were isolated from Artemisia songarica, along with 10 known compounds (3–12). The structures and stereochemistry of the new compounds were elucidated by analyses of the NMR, MS, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data. All the isolates (1–12) were evaluated for their NO inhibitory effects on LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglial cells.

     

长期体外扩增降低胎盘绒毛膜间充质干细胞的免疫调节功能

本研究主要探讨长期体外培养的胎盘绒毛膜间充质干细胞的各项生物学活性和免疫调节功能的变化。显微镜检观察比较第3代和第9代胎盘绒毛膜的形态,用流式细胞术分析它们的免疫表型。把第3代和第9代CV-MSC与PHA活化的PBMNC共培养,EusA方法检测其IFN-γ的分泌水平。实时定量PCR的方法检测CV．MSC细胞中COX-2,HGF和HLA-G的表达。结果显示：经过长期传代后,虽然CV-MSC的基本细胞形态和大部分表面标记如CD31,CD34,CD44,CD45,CD62L,CD73,CD90,CD105,CD117,CDl51,CD235a,CD271和HIJA-DR等都没有明显的变化,但其表面CIM9d表达明显上调,长期传代后其免疫调节功能明显下降,免疫调节相关的分子COX-2和HGF的表达也略有下调,而HLA-G表达并未明显的变化。结论：长期体外扩增改变CV-MSC的CD49d的表达,并降低CV-MSC的免疫调节功能。     

Bioactive diels-alder type adducts from the stem bark of Morus macroura

Five new compounds, named guangsangons A (1), B (5), C (6), D (7), and E (8), along with four known compounds, albafuran C (2), kuwanon X (3), kuwanon P (4), and kuwanon Y (9) were isolated from Morus macroura Miq.. Their structures were determined by means of spectroscopic analyses and chemical methods. These compounds were regarded biogenetically as Diels-Al-der type adducts, and 1H-NMR variable temperature experience suggested that they all existed as an equilibrium mixture of conformational isomers in solution. Compounds 1-3 and 5-9 showed good anti-oxidation activity, with the inhibitory rate of malondialdehyde being from 90.1% to 102.7% at a concentration of 10(-4) mol/L and from 70.9% to 88.1% at a concentration of 10(-5) mol/L. Compounds 1, 5, and 7 showed anti-inflammation activity, with the inhibitory rates of release of lysosome enzyme from polymorphonuclear leukocytes of rats being 19.0% (P > 0.05), 57.3% (P < 0.001) and 24.3% (P < 0.05) at concentrations of 10(-5) mol/L, respectively.     

Effect of salvianic acid A on lipid peroxidation and membrane permeability in mitochondria

Salvia miltorrhiza Bunge is a traditional Chinese medicine and has long been used for treating liver and heart diseases in China. Salvianic acid A is the main active component of Salvia miltorrhiza Bunge. In the present study, the ability of salvianic acid A in scavenging free radicals, inhibiting lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial membrane permeability transition, as well as respiration and protein thiol oxidation in rat liver mitochondria, was evaluated. The results show that salvianic acid A scavenges superoxide anions in a dose-dependent manner (IC50 52 microg/ml). Salvianic acid A could scavenge lipid free radicals and inhibit lipid peroxidation as effectively as Vitamin E. Salvianic acid A also inhibited the mitochondrial membrane permeability transition assessed as the extent of mitochondrial swelling. Salvianic acid A inhibited the oxidation of mitochondrial protein thiols involved in the mitochondrial membrane permeability transitions. We conclude that salvianic acid A is able to reduce lipid peroxidation in the mitochondrial membrane by scavenging free radicals, and inhibit mitochondrial membrane permeability transition by reducing protein thiol oxidation. These data indicated the pharmacological potential of salvianic acid A against pathological processes related to oxidative stress.     

透明晶状体摘除联合人工晶状体植入矫正高度近视25例

目的 研究透明晶状体超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体(intraocular lens,IOL)植入术矫正高度近视的安全性和有效性.方法 对近视度数为-10.50～-24.50 D,平均(-14.38±4.63)D的25例(44眼)高度近视患者行超声乳化透明晶状体摘除联合IOL植入术,手术前、后检查患者视力、屈光状态、眼压、常规裂隙灯下检查角膜、前房、瞳孔、IOL位置、后囊膜透明情况、检眼镜下观察眼底以及B超检查,并进行比较分析.术后随访18～36个月,平均(25.3±6.2)个月.结果 44眼术前裸眼视力为0.02～0.15,平均(0.086±0.029),均成功植入IOL,术后平均裸眼视力0.83±0.25,术前平均最佳矫正视力0.54±0.16,二者比较差异有显著统计学意义(P＜0.05);术后散光(平均-1.05±0.74)明显减轻,与术前(平均-1.89±1.21)比较差异有显著统计学意义(P＜0.05);手术前后眼压比较,差异无显著统计学意义(P＞0.05).影响视力的并发症包括3眼后发性白内障和1眼视网膜脱离.结论 在熟练的超声乳化技术支持下,通过摘除透明晶状体联合IOL植入矫正高度近视,是安全有效的,不适宜做LASIK术的高度近视患者可谨慎选择该手术.     

Clinical study of midazolam sequential with dexmedetomidine for agitatedpatients undergoing weaning to implement light sedation in intensive care unit

Purpose: To evaluate midazolam sequential with dexmedetomidine for agitated patients undergoing weaning to implement light sedation in ICU. Methods: This randomized, prospective study was conducted in Tianjin Third Central Hospital, China. Using a sealed-envelope method, the patients were randomly divided into 2 groups (40 patients per group). Each patient of group A received an initial loading dose of midazolam at 0.3-3 mg/kg$h 24 h before extubation, followed by an infusion of dexmedetomidine at a rate of 0.2-1 mg/kg$h until extubation. Each patient of group B received midazolam at a dose of 0.3e3 mg/kg$h until extubation. The dose of sedation was regulated according to RASS sedative scores maintaining in the range of -2-1. All patients were continuously monitored for 60 min after extubation. During the course, heart rate (HR), mean artery pressure (MAP), extubation time, adverse reactions, ICU stay, and hospital stay were observed and recorded continuously at the following time points: 24 h before extubation (T1), 12 h before extubation (T2), extubation (T3), 30 min after extubation (T4), 60 min after extubation (T5). Results: Both groups reached the goal of sedation needed for ICU patients. Dexmedetomidine was associated with a significant increase in extubation quality compared with midazolam, reflected in the prevalence of delirium after extubation (20% (8/40) vs 45% (18/40)), respectively (p=0.017). There were no clinically significant decreases in HR and MAP after infusing dexmedetomidine or midazolam. In the group A, HR was not significantly increased after extubation; however, in the group B, HR was significantly increased compared with the preextubation values (p<0.05). HR was significantly higher in the group B compared with the group A at 30 and 60 min after extubation (both, p<0.05). Compared with preextubation values, MAP was significantly increased at extubation in the group B (p<0.05) and MAP was significantly higher at T3, T4, T5 in the group B than group A (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in extubation time ((3.0±1.5) d vs (4.3±2.2)d, p<0.05), ICU stay ((5.4±2.1)d vs (8.0±1.4)d, p<0.05), hospital stay ((10.1±3.0)d vs (15.3±2.6)d, p<0.05) between group A and B. Conclusion: Midazolam sequential with dexmedetomidine can reach the goal of sedation for ICU agitated patients, meanwhile it can maintain the respiratory and circulation parameters and reduce adverse reactions.     

Preparation and application of polyethyleneimine-modified corncob magnetic gel for removal of Pb(ii) and Cu(ii) ions from aqueous solution

As a biomass resource, corncob is a kind of agricultural by-product with wide sources and low cost. Because its composition contains a large number of functional polymers such as cellulose, chitosan, and semi chitosan, corncob can be chemically modified to prepare a variety of adsorption materials. In this study, a magnetic gel material (PEI-CC@Fe₃O₄) consisting of corncob modified by glutaraldehyde-crosslinked polyethyleneimine (PEI) was successfully prepared and applied to the adsorption of heavy metal ions in aqueous solutions. The structure, thermal stability, and adsorption of heavy metal ions of the magnetic gel material (PEI-CC@Fe₃O₄) were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction phase analysis (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results showed that PEI was crosslinked to the corncob through Aldol reaction and Schiff-base reaction. The heavy metal ion adsorption experiment showed that the PEI-CC@Fe₃O₄ had better adsorption toward divalent copper ions and divalent lead ions at 303 K, and the maximum adsorption capacities reached 459.4 mg g⁻¹ and 290.8 mg g⁻¹, respectively. Moreover, the study of isothermal adsorption and adsorption kinetics shows that the adsorption process is pseudo-second-order kinetics model adsorption, which belongs to Langmuir isothermal adsorption. Such excellent adsorption performance will contribute to the application of corncob biomass materials in industrial polluted wastewater.

A kind of magnetic gel material was synthesized by cross-linking PEI modified chitosan and corncob biomass with good adsorption properties of heavy metal ions.