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51.
C. M. Crceles J. M. Serrano P. Marín E. Escudero E. Fernndez‐Varn 《Transboundary and Emerging Diseases》2006,53(6):300-304
The pharmacokinetics (PK) of moxifloxacin in healthy white New Zealand rabbits was studied following intravenous (IV) and subcutaneous (SC) administration routes as well as a SC long‐acting poloxamer 407 gel formulation (SC‐P407). Moxifloxacin concentrations were determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography assay with fluorescence detection. Mean half‐life for IV, SC and SC‐P407 routes was 2.15, 5.41 and 11.09 h. Clearance value after IV dosing was 0.78 l/kg/h. After SC administration, the mean absolute bioavailability was 117% and the Cmax was 1.61 ± 0.49 mg/l. After SC‐P407 administration, the bioavailability was 44% and the Cmax 1.83 was ±0.62 mg/l. No adverse effects were observed in any of the rabbits following IV, SC and SC‐P407 administration of moxifloxacin. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of moxifloxacin against different strains of Staphylococcus aureus from different european countries were used to compute the main pharmacodynamic (PD) surrogate markers of efficacy. The high tolerability of this SC‐P407 formulation and the favourable PK behaviour such as the long half‐life, acceptable bioavailability and excellent PK–PD ratios achieved indicate that it is likely to be effective in rabbits. 相似文献
52.
Rajnish Mago MD John-Paul Gomez MD Namita Gupta MBBS Elisabeth J. S. Kunkel MD 《Current psychiatry reports》2006,8(3):228-233
Anxiety disorders and anxiety symptoms are highly prevalent in the general population and more so in the medically ill. They
have a number of negative consequences for these patients and may worsen the outcome of the medical illness and increase health
care utilization. In the evaluation of these patients, it is of paramount importance to identify the etiology of the anxiety
and, in particular, to differentiate primary from secondary anxiety. Management includes medications (especially benzodiazepines
and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and psychotherapy (particularly cognitive-behavioral therapy). 相似文献
53.
54.
The molecular and clinical impact of hepatocyte growth factor, its receptor, activators, and inhibitors in wound healing 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kevin Conway MRCS ; Patricia Price PhD ; Keith G. Harding FRCS ; Wen G. Jiang MD 《Wound repair and regeneration》2006,14(1):2-10
Wound healing involves a number of cellular and molecular events, many of which are controlled by soluble growth factors. In the process of healing, hepatocyte growth factor, a cytokine known to act as mitogen, motogen, and morphogen, has been postulated to play multiple roles during several stages of this complex biological process. Produced primarily by stromal fibroblasts, hepatocyte growth factor regulates angiogenesis, vascular permeability, cell migration, matrix deposition and degradation, and other biological processes. The current article discusses recent progress in understanding the multiple roles played by this growth factor in tissue repair. 相似文献
55.
Caroline A. Harrison BMedSci MRCS ; Martin J. Heaton MD FRCS ; Christopher M. Layton PhD ; Sheila Mac Neil PhD 《Wound repair and regeneration》2006,14(2):203-209
To produce a stable epidermis, keratinocytes need to be firmly attached to the basement membrane. However, following wounding, keratinocytes are required to develop a migratory phenotype in order to reepithelialize the wound. To investigate some of the issues underlying reepithelialization, we have developed a three-dimensional in vitro model of tissue-engineered skin, comprising sterilized human dermis seeded with human keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts. Using this model, we have shown that the inclusion of fibroblasts within the model increases the stability of keratinocyte attachment. We have also demonstrated that keratinocyte migration occurs most effectively in the absence of a basement membrane and following the inclusion of fibroblasts in the model. In addition, subjecting the keratinocyte layer to mechanical trauma induces a migratory phenotype. We conclude that this three-dimensional in vitro wound model can be used to increase our understanding of the factors that enhance keratinocyte migration and hence wound healing in vivo. 相似文献
56.
目的观察前置胎盘孕妇的恐惧心理反应,做好前置胎盘孕妇的心理护理。方法由孕妇自行填写CES-D和SA2量表,进行统计学分析。结果70.2%的前置胎盘孕妇具有恐惧心理。结论在妊娠过程应提高孕妇认知水平,加强心理护理,有助于她们顺利渡过妊娠期。 相似文献
57.
58.
Eric W. Dickson MD Gary V. Doern PhD Leo Trevino PhD Michelle Mazzoni PhD Stephen O. Heard MD 《Academic emergency medicine》2003,10(10):1019-1023
OBJECTIVES: Patients undergoing emergent endotracheal intubation are at increased risk for developing pneumonia. Although numerous strategies have been investigated to reduce ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), the incidence of VAP and its associated mortality remains high. This investigation tested the hypothesis that LiquiVent (Alliance Pharmaceutical, San Diego, CA-LV) delivered antibiotics (via spray-dried microspheres-SDM) would improve survival in a rat model of descending gram-negative pneumonia. METHODS: Wistar rats (n = 49) were randomized to receive prophylaxis with 1). nothing (controls); 2). intramuscular (IM) tobramycin, 3). intratracheal LV plus SDM shells (vehicle), 4). intratracheal LV plus SDM shells plus IM tobramycin, or 5). intratracheal LV plus SDM containing 1 mg/kg of tobramycin. All interventions were given 24 hours before a bacterial challenge with 10(8) colony-forming units of intratracheal Klebsiella pneumoniae. Mortality at ten days was the sole outcome measure. Survival in individual groups was compared with controls by Fisher's exact test with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: All animals in the control group died of pneumonia within ten days of bacterial inoculation (0% survival). Prophylaxis with either IM tobramycin or SDM vehicle plus IM tobramycin provided no protection (0% survival). This is in sharp contrast to the cohort receiving pretreatment with tobramycin-containing SDM delivered via LV, in which 60% of the animals survived to study completion (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Prophylaxis with SDM containing antibiotics delivered in low-dose LV provided significant protection in a rat model of descending gram-negative pneumonia. These data support the hypothesis that perfluorocarbon-delivered intratracheal antimicrobials may be useful in the prevention of VAP. 相似文献
59.
Shao-Liang Chen Tim-Mo Chen Hsian-Jenn Wang 《Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery》2006,59(8):846-855
Finding appropriate soft-tissue to cover a wound located over the middle or distal portion of the foot can be challenging. A distally based sural fasciomusculocutaneous flap including the sural nerve and a midline cuff of the gastrocnemius muscle can be used for this purpose. This flap is designed on the proximal third of the posterior calf and is nourished in a retrograde manner by the lower peroneal septocutaneous perforators, through the vascular axis of the sural nerve to the musculocutaneous perforators of the gastrocnemius muscle. Between October of 2002 and January of 2004, this flap was applied in nine individuals, including four diabetic patients. The skin defects all resulted from trauma, osteomyelitis or chronic ulcer, and combined with bone or tendon exposure. One flap developed distal necrosis. The other flaps survived fully and provided good contour. In our series, diabetes mellitus seemed not to compromise the vascularity of the flap. The distally based sural fasciomusculocutaneous flap is very useful for lower limb reconstruction, particularly for the foot, because of its long vascular pedicle and the availability of the skin portion of the proximal calf based on direct branches between the musculocutaneous perforators and the neurovascular axis of the sural nerve. This is an important variant of the sural neurocutaneous flap and it appears to be a good alternative to free flaps for resurfacing the foot. 相似文献
60.
Mamoru Uemura MD Masahiko Higashiyama MD Jiro Okami MD Kazuyuki Oda MD Koji Takami MD Ken Kodama MD 《General thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2006,54(2):289-292
We present a case of intrapulmonary metastasis developing 18 years after complete resection of thymoma. An 8 mm nodule in the lower lobe of the left lung was noted on chest X-ray in a 76-year-old woman who had undergone complete resection of Masaoka’s stage II thymoma 18 years earlier. Since the nodule grew to 17 mm during a 2-year follow-up, wedge resection was performed. The lesion was histologically diagnosed as an intrapulmonary metastasis from thymoma. Extremely late recurrence after complete resection of thymoma is discussed. 相似文献