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991.
Shang P Shu Z Wang Y Li N Du S Sun F Xia Y Zhan S 《Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition》2011,20(3):404-410
The purpose of the present study was to assess the risk of the metabolic syndrome (MS) with vegan, pescovegetarian, lactovegetarian and nonvegetarian diets in Taiwan. The design was a retrospective cohort study using secondary data analysis from a Taiwan longitudinal health check-up database provided by MJ Health Screening Center during 1996-2006. A total of 93209 participants were classified as vegans (n=1116), pescovegetarians (n=2461), lactovegetarians (n=4313) and nonvegetarians (n=85319) by food frequency list of self-administered questionnaire at baseline. The association between MS or MS components and different dietary groups was evaluated using Cox proportional-hazards regression models with adjustment for confounders. During the mean 3.75 years of follow up, a total 8006 MS incident cases occurred and the incidence of MS was 229 (95% CI, 224, 234) per 10000 person year. Compared with vegans, hazard ratios of MS for nonvegetarians, pescovegetarians, lactovegetarians were 0.75 (95% CI, 0.64, 0.88), 0.68 (95% CI, 0.55, 0.83) and 0.81 (95% CI, 0.67, 0.97) after adjusting for sex, age, education status, smoking status, drinking status, physical activity at work and leisure, respectively. As for MS components, nonvegetarians and pescovegetarians had 0.72 (95% CI, 0.62, 0.84), 0.70 (95% CI, 0.57, 0.84) times risk of developing low high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), while nonvegetarians had 1.16 (95% CI, 1.02, 1.32) times risk of developing high fasting plasma glucose. Our data suggest that the vegan diets did not decrease the risk of metabolic syndrome compared with pescovegetarian, lactovegetarian and nonvegetarian diets in a Taiwanese cohort. 相似文献
992.
993.
目的 评估儿童肥胖综合干预项目在控制儿童超重/肥胖及改善儿童肥胖相关知识-态度-行为的效果, 为制定儿童肥胖干预措施提供依据。方法 通过整群随机对照实验设计并采用广义估计方程模型对儿童肥胖相关重复测量数据进行统计分析。结果 实验组965 人, 对照组895 人。实验组的学生从正常体重发展为超重/肥胖的风险是对照组学生的0.824 倍, 即干预措施降低了17.6%成为超重/肥胖的风险(P=0.031)。此外, 实验组学生肥胖相关知识正确率的均值提高一个单位的可能性是对照组学生的1.044 倍(P=0.001);实验组学生肥胖相关正确态度率的均值提高一个单位的可能性是对照组学生的1.023 倍(P=0.001);实验组学生肥胖相关行为的均值提高一个单位的可能性是对照组学生的1.522 倍(P=0.046)。结论 基于知识-态度-行为模式建立的针对儿童肥胖的干预措施可有效降低正常体重儿童发展为超重/肥胖的风险, 并在改善儿童肥胖相关知识-态度-行为方面呈现一定的效果。 相似文献
994.
目的调查嵊泗县居民对海水淡化水的态度、相关知识的知晓程度和用水行为,了解海水淡化水用于市政供水可能存在的问题。方法采用整群分层抽样方法,对嵊泗县常住居民进行问卷调查。结果发放调查问卷690份,收回675份,应答率97.8%。淡化水知晓率为48.47%。34.5%的居民选择放心使用淡化水,跟随大多数人意见的比例为30.4%,有34.7%的居民选择坚决不使用淡化水。完全不以自来水作为饮用水的占47.2%。对淡化水相关信息的获取渠道主要是与他人的交流(44.6%),其次是网络等电子媒体(40.4%)。结论调查人群对海水淡化水的水质安全性存在一定的疑虑,对淡化水的接受程度不高。淡化水的相关知识了解不够全面可能是重要的影响因素。 相似文献
995.
通过对9、10月份间杭州高校的无偿献血情况的分析,并以街头流动点的献血者作为对照,笔者发现高校大学生普遍对无偿献血有着积极态度,踊跃参加无偿献血.在这两个月间,此两类采血点共有14892例无偿献血者,其中高校学生5120例,占34.4%,是献血队伍中不可低估的力量.针对高校学生心理承受能力较差的特点,尤其是新生和初次献血者,心理疏导是重要的环节,采取防范措施,减轻献血后的不适反应,防止严重反应,确保在校大学生的安全,是有积极意义的. 相似文献
996.
997.
Linfeng Zheng Luxia Tu Haowen Huang Li Zhang Ying Wang Jing Zhou Qinkai Chen Xin Wei 《Renal failure》2022,44(1):987
Primary glomerular disease was the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in China; however, changes in the economy and environment introduce variations in the spectrum of kidney diseases. This study aimed to analyze renal biopsy data to inform disease prevention and public health interventions. In this retrospective cohort study, data from 2,803 consecutive renal biopsies conducted at our center between January 2010 and December 2018 were analyzed. The sample was disaggregated by age and the date of biopsy to facilitate analysis. Primary glomerulonephritis (PGN) is the most frequent (81.84%) finding, followed by secondary glomerulonephritis (SGN; 15.38%), tubulointerstitial nephritis (15.38%), and others (1.57%). IgA nephropathy (IgAN), idiopathic membranous nephropathy (iMN), and minimal change disease were the primary causes of PGN. Among PGN cases, the incidence of iMN arose, especially among those aged ≥ 60 years old, during the observation period. Contrary to the case of iMN, the proportion of IgAN in PGN trended downward, continuously, and at length. Moreover, IgAN mainly affected those aged 25–44 years old and less so those aged ≥ 60 years old. Lupus nephritis, Henoch–Schönlein purpura nephritis, and diabetic nephropathy (DN) were key causes of SGN. A ratio reversal between infectious disease and chronic disease dramatically changed SGN patterns. In the past year, the incidence of hepatitis B–related nephritis has constantly declined; however, the proportion of DN among SGN had steadily increased. The incidence of iMN significantly increased during these years. Among SGN cases, the proportion of DN has increased. 相似文献
998.
Objective: To investigate the response of the xenograft endothelium in the concordant hamster to rat cardiac xenotransplantation and the mechanism of acute vascular rejection. Methods: The animals were divided into 5 groups randomly: control group,CsA group, splenectomy group, D0 splenectomy+CsA group and D3 splenectomy+CsA group. Hamster heart was heterotopicaly transplanted to rat abdominal cavity. The graft survival was monitored by palpation of the rat abdominal wall. The histological and ultrastructural changes of the xenogafts were investigated. NF-κB and P-selectin expression in the xenograft were detected. Hene Oxigenase-1 and Bcl-2 expression were also detected in the xenografts of different groups. Results: The mean survival time of the xenografts in control group, CsA group, splenectomy group, D0 splenectomy+CsA group and D3 splenectomy+CsA group was 3.4±0.55, 3.8±0.45, 6.4±1.52, 30 and 7.4±1.14 days. The rejected graft showed typical acute vascular rejection in control group, CsA group,splenectomy group and D3 splenectomy+CsA group. Endothelial cells of the rejected xenograft showed dramatic assembly of ribosomes and expansion of the rough endoplasmic reticulum. However, the endothelium of the long-term survived grafts in D0 splenectomy+CsA group showed normal architecture. NF-κB and P-selectin expression were detected in the rejected xenografts. HO-1 expression was observed in the long-term survived xenografts in D0 splenectomy+CsA group. Conclusion: The endothelial cells of the xenograft might be activated during the acute vascular rejection. Expression of HO-1 might inhibit the upregulation of NF-κB and adhesion molecular which decreases the activation of the endothelium of the graft. 相似文献
999.
肺灌注显像在Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌三维适形放疗中的应用价值 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的:探讨肺灌注显像在Ⅲ期非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung canc-er,NSCLC)三维适形放疗中的应用价值。方法:选择拟行三维适形放疗的Ⅲ期NSCLC患者8例,行PET-CT和肺灌注显像检查,并在治疗计划系统中进行图像融合,用PET-CT勾画大体肿瘤靶区,SPECT确定肺功能区域,通过肺灌注显像所提供的信息优化放疗计划,尽可能减少功能正常肺组织的照射体积剂量,统计分析放疗计划优化前后的肺组织剂量参数变化。结果:放疗计划优化后WLVx和FLVx均有不同程度降低,而FLVx降低程度更加明显。其中WLV10、WLV15、WLV20、WLV25、WLV30和FLV10、FLV15、FLV20、FLV25、FLV30在优化放疗计划前后差异有统计学意义,P值分别为0.001、0.002、0.014、0.046、0.017和0.000、0.000、0.004、0.027、0.023。结论:肺灌注显像在Ⅲ期NSCLC放疗计划优化方面,特别是对于肺灌注缺损明显的患者更有价值。 相似文献
1000.
Sustainable fabrication of protective cotton, using bio-extracts, is becoming increasingly attractive. However, many shortcomings—including the introduction of potentially hazardous mordants or modifiers to cotton, annoying colour changes after finishing, and low processing efficiency—require further melioration. Therefore, an efficient ultrasonic-assisted colourless finishing process was developed in this study, to fabricate ultraviolet-proof and antimicrobial cotton. A pair of oppositely charged bio-based substances, i.e., tannin acid (TA) and hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC) were introduced during the ultrasonic process. The results reveal that cationic HACC significantly promotes the adsorption of TA to cotton. The apparent colour of the cotton remained almost unchanged after finishing. Based on Pesudo first-/second-order kinetic models, chemisorption was verified as the dominant mechanism. Efficiency under ultrasound was enhanced by 5.3% (70 °C) and 27% (90 °C), respectively. A mathematical modelling study established the factors to be in the following order of significance: concentration > pH > temperature. Under optimal conditions, a theoretical maximum UPF of 380.8 was achieved. TA (8 g/L)-treated cotton deactivated up to 98% of Escherichia coli, and also provided excellent UV-shielding performance. In general, the ultrasonic-assisted eco-dyeing and finishing process for cotton was explored in depth from practical and theoretical perspectives, which should push forward the development of the sustainable textile industry. 相似文献