Probucol improves erectile function by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes

This study was to explore the effect and mechanism of Probucol on STZ-induced erectile dysfunction in diabetic rats. Thirty SD male rats aged 12 weeks were given intraperitoneal injection of STZ after fasting for 12 hr. Diabetic rats were haphazardly partitioned under two assemblies and administered 0 or 500 mg/kg probucol by oral gavage to 12 weeks. Control group was intraperitoneally injected with physiological saline, and saline was administered by oral gavage daily. Intracorporeal pressure was used to evaluate erectile function. Levels of proteins were detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. α-SMA and vWF were detected using immunofluorescence staining. After treatment, erectile function in probucol group was significantly improved. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins were expressed higher in DM group than in sham group, while expression of these proteins decreased significantly in probucol group. However, α-SMA and vWF were expressed at lower levels in DM group than in sham group, and probucol treatment reversed this phenomenon. Finally, Bax and Caspase3 were expressed at higher levels and Bcl-2 was expressed at lower levels in DM group, while the opposite result was obtained in probucol group. In conclusions, probucol improves erectile function by reducing endothelial dysfunction and inhibiting PERK/ATF4/CHOP pathway in STZ-induced diabetic rats.     

Risk factors and outcomes of cardiovascular disease readmission within the first year after dialysis in peritoneal dialysis patients

BackgroundIn the first year of dialysis, patients are vulnerable to cardiovascular disease (CVD) hospitalization, but knowledge regarding the risk factors and long-term outcomes of cardiovascular readmission within the first year after dialysis in incident continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients is limited.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study was conducted in incident CAPD patients. The demographic characteristics, laboratory parameters, and CVD readmission were collected and analyzed. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality, and the secondary outcomes included CVD mortality, infection-related mortality and technique failure. A logistic regression was used to identify the risk factors associated with CVD readmission within the first year after dialysis. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the association between CVD readmission and the outcomes.ResultsIn total, 1589 peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients were included in this study, of whom 120 (7.6%) patients had at least one episode of CVD readmission within the first year after dialysis initiation. Advanced age, CVD history, and a lower level of serum albumin were independently associated with CVD readmission. CVD readmission within the first year after dialysis was significantly associated with all-cause (HR 2.66, 95%CI 1.91–3.70, p < 0.001) and CVD (HR 3.42, 95%CI 2.20–5.31, p < 0.001) mortality, but not infection-related mortality or technique failure, after adjusting for confounders.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that an advanced age, a history of CVD, and a lower level of serum albumin were independently associated with CVD readmission. Moreover, CVD readmission was associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in incident CAPD patients.     

臀上动脉深上支髂骨骺移植的解剖学研究

目的 :为带血供的髂骨骺移植提供解剖学依据。方法 :在 40侧经动脉灌注红色乳胶的成人臀部标本以及 2侧儿童标本上 ,观测臀上动脉深上支的行程、分支及滋养支 ;选用 5 0块髋骨 ,观察髂骨嵴前外侧部的滋养孔。结果 :儿童臀上动脉深上支的分支、分布与成人相似 ,位于臀中肌深面和臀小肌上缘 (相当臀前线 ) ,循髂骨嵴弓形向前 ,达髂前上嵴 ,沿途分出平均 (4 .2± 1.1)支外径 0 .5～ 1.1mm的髂嵴支 ,分布髂嵴骨膜 ,并发细小分支进入滋养孔。从髂前上棘至结节区 ,在距髂嵴缘下方 2cm范围内 ,平均有(2 2 .4± 6.7)个滋养孔。结论 :以臀上动脉深上支及其分支为蒂 ,在髂嵴前部可切取带骺骨瓣 ,以修复长管骨骨骺缺损。     

单片微机化微弱发光测量仪及其在肿瘤研究中的初步应用

单片微机化微弱发光测量仪由中科院生物物理所和北京科龙生物医学技术开发公司研制成功。该仪器适用于肿瘤研究中生物医学样品的微弱发光的测量。测量样品的重复性优于０．８％，稳定性优于０．５％，线性相关系数达０．９９９７，不仅可以进行样品的发光强度测量，还可以进行动力学曲线的测量以及样品发射光谱的测量。光谱在４００ｎｍ－７５０ｎｍ范围内。测量方式可选择手动、半自动和自动计时三种。测量结果表明，荷瘤裸鼠血液微     

肾上腺髓质微血管构筑

本文以树脂铸型扫描电镜法,观察大鼠和小鼠肾上腺髓质的微血管构筑,并特别注意髓质血管和皮质血管的相互关系;此外切片观察测量了肾上腺髓质两种嗜铬细胞的分布。肾上腺皮质集合小静脉发出侧支,分布于髓质,构成了门静脉循环特点。小鼠的肾上腺髓质,主要由这种侧支供应;而大鼠的髓质,还有多支髓质动脉供应。从血管铸型上表现出的明显局部环形缩窄推测,肾上腺髓质血液循环有若干括约装置控制。大、小鼠两种嗜铬细胞在肾上腺髓质内的分布不同,大鼠的呈随机分布;小鼠的 NA 细胞多靠近皮质,而 A 细胞多远离皮质。     

The prevalence of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in Shanghai, China: impact of age, gender, and education

We report the prevalence rates for dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) obtained from a probability sample survey of 5,055 noninstitutionalized older persons in Shanghai, China. A two-stage procedure was used for case finding and case identification. A Chinese version of the Mini-Mental State Examination was used to determine cases of possible dementia. Three different cutoff points on this mental status test were used depending on the respondent's level of education. Clinical evaluations, based on functional assessments and psychiatric interview, medical and neurological examinations, three standardized mental status tests, and a selected group of psychometric tests, were made in the second stage of the study to ascertain the clinical diagnosis of dementia and AD utilizing the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, edition 3 and National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke-Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association criteria, respectively. The prevalence rate of dementia in persons 65 years and older was 4.6%. Clinically diagnosed AD accounted for 65% of the subjects with dementia. These findings indicate that the prevalence of dementia in Shanghai is very much higher than figures published earlier for China and Japan, and at the lower part of the range of values reported for community residents in the United States and other Western countries, but less than half of that reported in the recently published survey of the elderly in East Boston. Increasing age, gender (female), and low education are each highly significant and independent risk factors for dementia. One hypothesis to explain the increased prevalence in elderly women who had received no formal education invokes the possibility of an effect of early deprivation, perhaps lowering brain "reserve," allowing the symptoms of dementia to appear at an earlier date during disease progression.     

中药518对人白血病细胞K562、NB4作用研究

目的 研究中药518地K62、NB4细胞的作用;并比较518A、518B药效。方法 用台盼蓝染色、光镜观察、流式细胞仪方法,观察518A、518B处理K562、NB4细胞后形态学、生化指标的改变。结果 台盼蓝染色法证实518A、518B对K562、NB4细胞有抑制作用,抑帛率与药物浓度正相关;光镜下可见给药后细胞形态学改变;流式细胞仪检测显示中药518对K562细胞作用48h后出现凋亡峰。结论 518A、518B对K562、NB4细胞有抑制增殖作用,诱导K562细胞凋亡,518A药效优于518B。     

慢性肾功能衰竭患者畸变产物耳声发射分析

测定２１例（４２耳）慢性肾功能衰竭（ＣＲＦ）患者的畸变产物耳声发射（ＤＰＯＡＥ）。结果表明：ＣＲＦ患者的耳聋 为耳蜗性聋,表现为高频听力损失,ＤＰＯＡＥ检测可客观、快速地反映耳蜗的病变。且ＤＰＯＡＥ具有频率特异性,有助于对该病患者听力障碍的早期诊断。