桡骨远端骨折锁定钢板刚度的拓扑优化研究

目的对桡骨远端骨折锁定钢板结构进行优化设计,以应对骨折内固定个性化刚度需求。方法运用三维建模和计算机辅助设计软件完成桡骨远端骨折模型和常规钢板的模型构建,基于初始有限元分析结果,以轴向刚度下调33.33%且保留扭转刚度的90.00%以上作为优化目标,对常规钢板进行拓扑优化和重设计;通过有限元分析计算,对比常规钢板和优化钢板在轴向压缩和扭转工况下的内固定刚度和产生的骨折区应变。结果所获得的优化钢板轴向刚度为636.5 N/mm,下调幅度为19.7%,基本接近既定的目标刚度,优化后的扭转刚度为634.12 Nmm/°,下调幅度为8.8%,并未超出既定的目标限值;而骨折区应变变化方面,轴向应变相比切向应变呈现出更为显著的增加趋势,与刚度调控效果基本一致。结论通过拓扑优化的方法从钢板结构层面进行重设计,可实现骨折愈合的个性化内固定刚度调控。     

miR-223通过IGF-1R及NFIA调控乳腺癌细胞及破骨细胞功能的研究

目的探索miR-223在乳腺癌骨转移微环境中调控乳腺癌细胞、破骨细胞的功能及其机制。 方法采用micro-CT检测野生型及miR-223基因敲除小鼠股骨骨小梁骨体积分数、骨密度等相关数据,并对股骨组织病理切片染色,观察miR-223缺失对破骨活动影响。利用RANKL诱导RAW 264.7细胞分化为破骨细胞的体外模型,研究miR-223在其中的作用及机制。通过MDA-MB-231细胞实验研究miR-223对乳腺癌细胞增殖、凋亡功能的调控作用及机制。 结果miR-223基因敲除小鼠股骨破骨活动明显活跃;miR-223过表达可以通过NFIA基因抑制RNAKL诱导的破骨细胞分化成熟,还可通过抑制IGF-1R及PI3K/Akt信号通路,抑制乳腺癌细胞增殖并促进其凋亡。 结论miR-223是骨转移微环境中抑制乳腺癌骨转移发生发展的保护性因子,可通过抑制破骨细胞分化成熟、破骨活动、乳腺癌细胞增殖及促进乳腺癌细胞凋亡来调节乳腺癌骨转移微环境。     

Use of urinary balloon catheter to prevent postoperative bleeding after ultrasound‐guided vacuum‐assisted breast biopsy

Postoperative bleeding is the most frequent serious complications after vacuum‐assisted breast biopsy (VABB). The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical effect of using urinary balloon catheter to prevent postoperative bleeding after ultrasound‐guided VABB. From May 2016 to June 2018, 324 patients who underwent ultrasound‐guided VABB were randomized into the study group and control group. In the study group, an urinary balloon catheter was inserted into the excision cavity to prevent bleeding and hematoma. In the control group, compression with thorax pressure bandage was used for hemostasis. Postoperative subcutaneous ecchymosis and hematoma were recorded and compared between the two groups. The rates of postoperative ecchymosis and hematoma in the study group were significantly lower than that in the control group (5.6% vs 13.0%, P < .05; 8.0% vs 20.4%, P < .05). Among patients with lesions ≤1.5 cm, the rates of postoperative ecchymosis and hematoma were 2.9% and 4.3% in the study group, 6.5% and 11.7% in the control group, but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P > .05). Among patients with lesions >1.5 cm, the rates of postoperative ecchymosis and hematoma in the study group were significantly lower than that in the control group (7.6% vs 18.8%, P < .05; 10.9% vs 28.2%, P < .05). Hemostasis with balloon urinary catheter is a safe and effective method to prevent postoperative bleeding after VABB.     

机器人荧光显影深部浸润型子宫内膜异位症手术一例并文献回顾

目的探讨吲哚菁绿荧光显影技术在机器人深部浸润型子宫内膜异位症手术中指导手术范围的可行性。 方法选取解放军总医院第一医学中心妇产科的深部浸润型子宫内膜异位患者1例,术前完善检查,无手术禁忌,拟行机器人全子宫双附件切除＋子宫内膜异位病灶切除术。术中利用吲哚菁绿荧光显影技术指示子宫内膜异位病灶进而对病灶进行切除。 结果病变定位准确,患者术后顺利出院。 结论机器人荧光显影技术能够清晰识别子宫内膜异位病灶。这项技术简单、快速,且能够在术中实现实时定位,指导手术范围。     

Clinical Guideline for Microwave Ablation of Bone Tumors in Extremities

Microwave ablation has been used to treat bone tumors in extremities for more than 30 years. With improved recognition, updated microwave equipment, and expanded clinical application, microwave ablation has recently been widely used to treat bone tumors. To standardize the application of microwave ablation in the clinical treatment of bone tumors in the limbs, research results and clinical experience involving the use of microwave ablation to treat bone tumors in the limbs have been summarized, and a clinical guideline has been designed. This guideline is aimed at providing a reliable clinical basis for indications, preoperative evaluation and decision‐making, perioperative treatment, complications, and other issues via evidence‐based medicine. Two aspects are considered—percutaneous microwave ablation and intraoperative microwave ablation of bone tumors in extremities. Ultimately, the guideline is intended to standardize treatment and improve the clinical efficacy of microwave ablation of bone tumors in extremities.     

营养灌肠联合生物反馈治疗改道性结肠炎效果的研究

目的 探讨营养灌肠联合生物反馈治疗改道性肠炎的效果。方法 将96位患者按数字随机法分为三组,营养灌肠联合生物反馈训练为试验组1,生物反馈训练为试验组2,常规治疗患者为对照组,观察三组患者三个月肠镜结果对比、回纳术后排便次数、腹痛、排粘液便、治疗前后盆底肌力评估值。结果 试验组1临床疗效高于试验组2和常规治疗组（P<0.05）,试验组2临床疗效高于常规治疗组（P<0.05）,试验组1回纳术后并发症腹痛、粘液便、排便次数明显低于试验组2和对照组（P<0.05）,治疗后盆底肌力评估值试验组1和试验组2明显优于对照组（P<0.05）、试验组1和试验组2无明显差别（P>0.05）。肠镜下结果有无红斑肿胀、糜烂溃疡、炎性息肉试验组1明显优于试验组2和对照组（P<0.05）。结论 营养灌肠联合生物反馈能提高改道性肠炎的治疗效果,改善术后腹痛、排粘液便、排便次数增多症状,提高盆底肌力,减少红斑肿胀、糜烂溃疡、炎性息肉发生率,减少了远端肠管改道性结肠炎发生率。     

新型冠状病毒疫情在线防控的“华西项目化工作模式”探索与实践

目的探索"华西项目化工作模式"在新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)疫情在线防控工作中的应用价值。方法基于四川大学华西医院丰富的抗震救灾和项目管理经验,依托PDCA循环持续优化"华西项目化工作模式"。结果"华西项目化工作模式"可运用于新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)突发公共卫生事件,已建立快速反应工作闭环,整个项目组运行良好、系统运维稳定。结论"华西项目化工作模式"为疫情在线防控工作提供了工作路径,采用互联网+方式远程协作办公方式,有效促进疫情应急管理科学化,在疫情在线干预防控工作中起到了积极作用。     

大鼠软骨细胞与兔软骨细胞的培养与比较

目的 体外分离培养大鼠及兔膝关节软骨细胞,观察并比较两种软骨细胞的培养特点。方法 采用机械-酶消化法处理SD大鼠幼鼠和新西兰兔的软骨组织,传代培养,倒置显微镜观察细胞形态,细胞计数法测定生长曲线,实时定量PCR测定不同代数的软骨细胞Ⅱ型胶原与含血小板结合蛋白基序的解聚蛋白样金属蛋白酶5（a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5, ADAMTS5）表达水平,甲苯胺蓝染色及Ⅱ型胶原酶免疫荧光染色对细胞进行鉴定。结果 原代培养大鼠软骨细胞12 h,内贴壁成多角形或不规则型,排列成“铺路石”状,培养3~5 d后进入快速增殖期,1周后进行细胞传代培养。兔软骨细胞相对贴壁缓慢,生长滞后。两类软骨细胞随着培养代数的增加,Ⅱ型胶原蛋白的mRNA表达量逐渐减少,ADAMTS5的表达逐代升高,表明随着培养代数的增加,软骨细胞活力逐渐下降。相同代数的大鼠软骨细胞活性较兔软骨细胞更高。甲苯胺蓝染色可见大鼠软骨细胞内成蓝色异染的糖胺多糖成分。不同波段的荧光激发下,Ⅱ型胶原酶免疫荧光染色可见大鼠原代培养的软骨细胞胞浆和胞膜呈清晰的绿色荧光,兔软骨细胞呈红色荧光,细胞核为明亮的蓝色荧光。结论 本实验通过比较大鼠及新西兰兔软骨细胞的培养与特点,证实随培养代数增加,软骨细胞活性逐渐降低,且相同代数大鼠软骨细胞较兔软骨细胞具备更高活性。     

Relationship between aryl hydrocarbon receptor and spermatogenic dysfunction in male patients with varicocele

The main purpose of this project is to verify whether there is a difference in the expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) between varicocele (VC) and normal male semen, and determine whether there is a connection with the parameters of semen analysis. The risk factors of infertility in patients with VC were also studied. Semen samples were collected for semen analysis and Western blot. Logistic regression was used to investigate the risk factors associated with infertility in patients with VC. Men with VC had lower AhR expression compared to healthy men; correlation analysis results showed that: AhR expression in patients with VC group was significantly positively correlated with sperm concentration and sperm motility; significantly negatively correlated with the diameter of spermatic veins during Valsalva and the percentage of abnormal sperm morphology; the research results of related risk factors show that the risk of infertility of patients with grade III is 1.67 times that of patients with grades I and II. For each unit of abnormal sperm morphology, the risk of infertility increases 1.04 times. Sperm concentration, total sperm viability and each unit the expression of AhR protein decreases the risk of infertility by 3%, 9% and 11% respectively.