Complementary and alternative medical therapy utilization by people with chronic fatiguing illnesses in the United States

Background  

Chronic fatiguing illnesses, including chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), pose a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Previous clinical reports addressed the utilization of health care provided to patients with CFS by a variety of practitioners with other than allopathic training, but did not examine the spectrum of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies used. This study was designed to measure CAM therapy use by persons with fatiguing illnesses in the United States population.     

Efficacy of misoprostol (twice daily dosage) in acute healing of duodenal ulcer

This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of misoprostol taken twice daily for the healing of duodenal ulcer. Three hundred thirty patients with endoscopically proven duodenal ulcer participated in a multicenter, double-blind, controlled trial comparing placebo with misoprostol 200 μg and 400 μg twice daily for up to four weeks. Patient characteristics were similar in all three treatment groups. Ulcers were between 0.3 cm and 2.0 cm in length. Healing was determined by endoscopy at two weeks; if ulcers were not healed, endoscopy was repeated at four weeks. All patients were given Al(OH)₃ antacid (up to 54 meq a day) to be used as needed for pain. Healing rates at four weeks for a total of 280 evaluable patients in the three treatment groups were as follows: misoprostol 400 μg bid, 65.4%; misoprostol 200 μg bid, 52.9%; and placebo, 42.2%. Misoprostol 400 μg bid was superior to placebo (P=0.002) in healing ulcers. However, the healing rate for misoprostol 200 μg bid did not differ significantly from placebo. The percentage of nonsmokers who healed at four weeks was higher than that of smokers in both misoprostoltreatment groups, although the difference was not analyzed for statistical significance. There were no differences in antacid consumption or pain relief among the three experimental groups during the study. Diarrhea was the most common side effect but was mild and self-limiting, occurring in 8.9%, 5.9%, and 1.8% of the misoprostol 400 μg, 200 μg, and placebo groups, respectively. These results indicate that misoprostol 400 μg, 200 μg, and for four weeks is effective and safe for the treatment of duodenal ulcers.     

中国SCI期刊发展现状及与出版平台合作建议

【目的】 了解目前中国SCI期刊总体表现以及与国外出版平台的合作情况,为中国英文科技期刊平台建设,以及国外出版商的挑选提供参考。【方法】 以同时被SCI和《中科院期刊分区表》收录的中国科技期刊为数据源,对比分析相关学科期刊,以及不同出版平台的SCI期刊的表现。【结果】 总体上,中国大部分SCI期刊的影响因子及发文量较低,其中,与国际出版平台合作的SCI期刊表现相对更好,国内期刊平台建设相对较弱,不少出版社开始由“借船出海”转向“造船出海”,着力打造自己的国际出版平台。【结论】 中国SCI期刊实力总体偏弱且学科覆盖度不高,借船出海仍是目前提升中国科技期刊影响力较为有效的方式,而打造我国自己的国际出版平台的需求日益凸显。     

一起由磷化铝引起的家庭聚集性中毒事件的调查分析

目的 分析一起由磷化铝引起的家庭聚集性中毒事件的流行病学特征,为今后处置类似事件提供科学的依据。方法 对2021年济南市商河县一起急性中毒事件开展现场流行病学调查和实验室检测。调查主要针对病例及其家属进行面访,并入户考察和采集食品、环境标本和病例标本。结果 本事件共涉及7人,其中病例6例,罹患率85.7%,病例男女比例1∶1.33（3∶4）,1例死亡。指示病例发病时间为23日20时左右,末例发病时间为24日6时左右,推测潜伏期为8～12小时。临床表现以呕吐（100%）、阵发性腹痛（100%）、恶心（43%）和腹泻（43%）为主。未发现家庭成员有可疑共同暴露餐次和可疑暴露食品。实验室在所采集的环境空气样本和死亡病例的血中检出磷化氢（PH3）。结论 本次事件是一起磷化铝使用不当引起的家庭聚集性磷化铝中毒事件,储粮间的磷化铝吸潮挥发产生的磷化氢是主要致病因素。     

外置注入式婴儿培养箱消毒装置的实现原理及设计

该研究首先阐述了婴儿培养箱消毒的重要性,然后从臭氧的消毒机理展开讨论,根据婴儿培养箱的结构特点和臭氧消毒的优势,结合临床应用得到臭氧消毒的实现原理,提出一种外置注入式婴儿培养箱消毒装置的设计方法。该设计通过在婴儿培养箱箱体外安装一套消毒装置,利用该装置中的电子臭氧发生器现场制取臭氧消毒气体,经输气管将臭氧消毒气体注入婴儿培养箱箱体内,在一定浓度和时间的作用下达到消毒的目的,为婴儿培养箱消毒提供了一套安全有效、简单实用的臭氧消毒方法,且该消毒装置具有设计合理、创意新颖、制作简单、操作方便,以及消毒无死角、无二次残留污染等优点。     

Comparison of Three Screening Methods for Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Persons

ObjectiveThe 2019 Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (AWGS 2019) recommends using either calf circumference or the strength, assistance in walking, rising from a chair, climbing stairs, and falls (SARC-F) or SARC-F combined with calf circumference (SARC-CalF) questionnaires for sarcopenia screening. The aim of this study was to compare the ability and applicability of calf circumference, SARC-F, and SARC-CalF for screening sarcopenia among community-dwelling older adults.DesignCross-sectional study.Setting and ParticipantsA total of 1050 community-dwelling older people were enrolled.MethodsSarcopenia was diagnosed according to the AWGS 2019 criteria: bioimpedance analysis for appendicular skeletal muscle index, hand grip, and 6-m gait speed test. Participants also completed the SARC-F questionnaire and calf circumference measurement. The screening tools’ performances were evaluated through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, area under the ROC curves (AUC), and sensitivity/specificity analyses.ResultsSarcopenia was identified in 263 (25.0%) participants by the AWGS 2019 criteria. Calf circumference had a sensitivity of 81.4% and a specificity of 77.0%. Sensitivity and specificity of SARC-F for screening sarcopenia were 17.9% and 93.7%, respectively. SARC-CalF improved the sensitivity of SARC-F (47.5%) while keeping similar specificity (92.0%). The AUCs of calf circumference, SARC-F, and SARC-CalF were 0.79 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.77–0.82], 0.56 (95% CI, 0.52–0.59), and 0.70 (95% CI, 0.67–0.73), respectively. The differences across ROC curves were statistically significant among 3 screening tools (P < .001).Conclusions and ImplicationsThe overall screening ability of calf circumference was better than that of SARC-F and SARC-CalF for sarcopenia in community-dwelling older persons despite gender, age, and cognitive function. SARC-F and SARC-CalF have high specificity but are susceptible to the preceding factors.     

芜湖市学龄前儿童孤独症谱系障碍患病现状及影响因素研究

目的 探讨2~6岁学龄前儿童孤独症谱系障碍（ASDs）患病现状及其影响因素。方法 以2019年1—12月在安徽省芜湖市某医院参加健康体检的2~6岁学龄前儿童作为研究对象。以问卷调查的方法收集数据,描述ASDs患病情况,并分析芜湖市学龄前儿童ASDs的影响因素。结果 共对13 482名儿童完成调查,完整回答调查问卷的共有12 657名儿童,筛选疑似ASDs儿童748例,最终确诊52例,ASDs患病率为4.11‰。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,男童（OR=1.422）、早产（OR=1.582）、新生儿窒息（OR=1.416）、儿童睡眠障碍（OR=1.277）、母亲生育年龄≥35岁（OR=1.271）、母亲孕期焦虑/抑郁（OR=1.439）、孕期使用特殊药物（OR=1.322）为学龄前儿童ASDs患病危险因素。结论 男童、早产、新生儿窒息、儿童睡眠障碍、高龄产妇、孕期负性情绪、孕期使用特殊药物为学龄前儿童罹患ASDs的独立影响因素,对于其中可人为干预的因素,应尽快采取相应的措施。     

The 6-Month Efficacy of an Intensive Lifestyle Modification Program on Type 2 Diabetes Risk Among Rural Women with Prior Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: a Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial

Prevention Science - This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an intensive lifestyle modification program tailored to rural Chinese women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus compared with...     

恶性血液病合并血流感染患者病原菌分布及其预后影响因素

 目的 分析恶性血液病合并血流感染患者的病原学特征及其预后影响因素。方法 选取2016年1月-2022年5月遵义医科大学附属医院血液内科的恶性血液病合并血流感染的住院患者为研究对象。根据患者发生血流感染30 d内的治疗结局分为生存组和死亡组。分析患者的病原学特征及预后情况,并采用单因素及logistic回归分析影响恶性血液病合并血流感染预后的危险因素。结果 共纳入185例患者,基础疾病以急性白血病为主(125例,67.6%)。共分离197株病原菌,革兰阴性菌109株(55.3%),其中大肠埃希菌55株(27.9%);革兰阳性菌86株(43.7%),其中人葡萄球菌24株(12.2%);真菌2株(1.0%)。大肠埃希菌中产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(EBSLs)菌株28株(50.9%);肺炎克雷伯菌中产EBSLs菌株2株(10.0%);耐甲氧西林的人葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的检出率分别为70.8%、71.4%、36.4%。单因素分析表明,年龄≥70岁、粒细胞缺乏持续时间≥7 d、未合理使用抗菌药物、合并心功能不全、合并急性肾功能不全、感染性休克、肺部感染患者的30天病死率较高,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析表明,粒细胞缺乏持续时间≥7 d[OR=3.306,95%CI(1.224~8.927)]、合并心功能不全[OR=6.291,95%CI(1.930~20.508)]、合并急性肾功能不全[OR=8.419,95%CI(2.198~32.241)]、感染性休克[OR=22.150,95%CI(3.639~134.806)]均为恶性血液病合并血流感染患者30天内死亡的独立危险因素(均P<0.05)。结论 恶性血液病合并血流感染最常见的病原菌中,革兰阴性菌以大肠埃希菌为主,革兰阳性菌以人葡萄球菌为主。影响恶性血液病合并血流感染患者预后的危险因素较多,缩短粒细胞缺乏持续时间,改善心功能不全、肾功能不全,积极控制感染性休克是减少恶性血液病合并血流感染患者30天内死亡的有效措施。