全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1418936篇 |
免费 | 110657篇 |
国内免费 | 11277篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 17432篇 |
儿科学 | 44374篇 |
妇产科学 | 37279篇 |
基础医学 | 207867篇 |
口腔科学 | 37414篇 |
临床医学 | 142106篇 |
内科学 | 270489篇 |
皮肤病学 | 27028篇 |
神经病学 | 116843篇 |
特种医学 | 51227篇 |
外国民族医学 | 422篇 |
外科学 | 191886篇 |
综合类 | 43795篇 |
现状与发展 | 23篇 |
一般理论 | 470篇 |
预防医学 | 119972篇 |
眼科学 | 31857篇 |
药学 | 107669篇 |
108篇 | |
中国医学 | 8926篇 |
肿瘤学 | 83683篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 15955篇 |
2020年 | 10729篇 |
2019年 | 14761篇 |
2018年 | 19627篇 |
2017年 | 15066篇 |
2016年 | 15965篇 |
2015年 | 19357篇 |
2014年 | 25919篇 |
2013年 | 36319篇 |
2012年 | 50510篇 |
2011年 | 54192篇 |
2010年 | 31472篇 |
2009年 | 28379篇 |
2008年 | 47082篇 |
2007年 | 49266篇 |
2006年 | 49595篇 |
2005年 | 48065篇 |
2004年 | 44178篇 |
2003年 | 42061篇 |
2002年 | 40422篇 |
2001年 | 62564篇 |
2000年 | 64387篇 |
1999年 | 54284篇 |
1998年 | 15946篇 |
1997年 | 14593篇 |
1996年 | 14187篇 |
1995年 | 13449篇 |
1994年 | 12448篇 |
1993年 | 11431篇 |
1992年 | 42112篇 |
1991年 | 41223篇 |
1990年 | 39858篇 |
1989年 | 37714篇 |
1988年 | 34890篇 |
1987年 | 33943篇 |
1986年 | 32344篇 |
1985年 | 30791篇 |
1984年 | 23099篇 |
1983年 | 19624篇 |
1982年 | 11786篇 |
1979年 | 20823篇 |
1978年 | 14814篇 |
1977年 | 12064篇 |
1976年 | 11876篇 |
1975年 | 12110篇 |
1974年 | 14800篇 |
1973年 | 14472篇 |
1972年 | 13356篇 |
1971年 | 12418篇 |
1970年 | 11485篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
131.
Khaled Adil Marija Popovic Fabio L. Cury Sergio L. Faria Marie Duclos Luis Souhami 《Practical radiation oncology》2019,9(1):24-28
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate 3 planning target volume (PTV) margin expansions and determine the most appropriate volume to be used in bladder preservation therapy when using daily cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). We aimed to establish whether a smaller PTV expansion is feasible without risking geographical miss.Methods and materials
The study included patients with bladder cancer who were treated with a hypofractionated course of radiation therapy delivered with intensity modulated radiation therapy. The clinical target volume (CTV) was the whole empty bladder, and the PTV consisted of a 1.5-cm margin around the bladder (PTV1.5 cm). Patients underwent daily CBCT imaging before treatment to assess the bladder volume and ensure accurate positioning. We investigated 2 additional smaller PTV margin expansions to determine the most appropriate volume to be used with CBCT as a daily image guided radiation therapy modality. These margins were created retrospectively on every CBCT. The first additional volume was a uniform PTV margin of the surrounding 1 cm (PTV1 cm). When considering that the majority of the internal bladder movement was due to the variation in filling that occurs in the superior and anterior directions, a second volume of an anisotropic PTV margin with a 1.5-cm superior/anterior and 1 cm in other directions (PTV1/1.5 cm) was created. We recorded the frequency and measured the volume of bladder falling out of each PTV based on the daily CBCT.Results
For the purpose of this study, we considered an arbitrary 5 cm3 of CTV falling out of the designated PTV as a clinically significant volumetric miss. The frequency of such a miss when applying the uniform PTV1 cm was 1%. However, when applying the uniform PTV1.5 cm and anisotropic PTV1/1.5 cm margins, the frequency was 0.5% and 0.5%, respectively.Conclusions
The anisotropic PTV expansion of 1.5 cm superiorly and anteriorly and 1 cm in all other directions around the bladder (CTV) provides a safe PTV approach when daily CBCT imaging is used to localize an empty bladder. 相似文献132.
133.
The serrated pathway (SP) can be viewed as two parallel, but partially overlapping, arrays of colorectal precursor lesions, and their respective endpoint carcinomas, that are distinct from those of the conventional adenoma–carcinoma sequence (APC‐pathway). In this review we focus at the outset on the clinical impact, pathological features, molecular genetics and biological behaviours of the various SP cancers. Then we summarize the clinicopathological features, classification and molecular profiles of the two main precursor lesions that anchor the respective pathways: (i) sessile serrated adenoma/polyp (SSA/P), also called sessile serrated lesion (SSL), and (ii) traditional serrated adenoma (TSA). Activating mutations of the RAS–RAF–MAPK pathway initiate and sustain the lesions of the SP, and CpG island methylation of the promoter regions of tumour suppressor and DNA repair genes play the major role in their neoplastic progression. The SP includes microsatellite stable (MSS) carcinomas that are among the most biologically aggressive colorectal carcinomas (CRC), and also accounts for the great preponderance of sporadic hypermutated, mismatch repair (MMR)‐deficient or microsatellite instable (MSI) CRC. The identification, removal and appropriate classification of at‐risk SP precursors and surveillance of individuals who harbour these lesions present a challenge and opportunity for CRC prevention and mortality reduction. 相似文献
134.
135.
William G. Breen Krishan R. Jethwa Nathan Y. Yu Grant M. Spears William S. Harmsen Robert C. Miller Jonathan B. Ashman William G. Rule Terence T. Sio Michelle A. Neben-Wittich Michael G. Haddock Amit Mahipal Mark J. Truty Christopher L. Hallemeier Kenneth W. Merrell 《Practical radiation oncology》2021,11(1):e63-e69
PurposeOur purpose was to determine the effect of chemoradiotherapy (CRT) on patient-reported quality of life (QOL) for patients with intact pancreas cancer.Methods and MaterialsWe reviewed a prospective QOL registry for patients with intact, clinically localized pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma treated with CRT between June 2015 and November 2018. QOL was assessed pre-CRT (immediately before CRT, after neoadjuvant chemotherapy) and at the completion of CRT with the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Hepatobiliary (FACT-Hep) and its component parts: FACT-General (FACT-G) and hepatobiliary cancer subscore (HCS). A minimally important difference from pre-CRT was defined as ≥ 6, 5, and 8 points for FACT-G, HCS, and FACT-Hep, respectively.ResultsOf 157 patients who underwent CRT, 100 completed both pre- and post-CRT surveys and were included in the primary analysis. Median age at diagnosis was 65 years (range, 23-90). National Comprehensive Cancer Network resectability status was resectable (3%), borderline resectable (40%), or locally advanced (57%). Folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil, irinotecan, and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX) (75%) or gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel (42%) were given for a median of 6 cycles (range, 0-42) before CRT. Radiation therapy techniques included 3-dimensional conformal (22%), intensity modulated photon (55%), and intensity modulated proton (23%) radiation therapy to a median dose of 50 Gy (range, 36-62.5). Concurrent chemotherapy was most commonly capecitabine (82%). Sixty-three patients (63%) had surgery after CRT. The mean decline in FACT-G, HCS subscale, and FACT-Hep from pre- to post-CRT was 3.5 (standard deviation [SD], 13.7), 1.7 (SD 7.8), and 5.2 (SD 19.4), respectively. Each of these changes were statistically significant, but did not meet the minimally important difference threshold. Pancreatic head tumor location was associated with decline in FACT-Hep. Nausea was the toxicity with the greatest increase from pre- to post-CRT by both physician-assessment and patient-reported QOL.ConclusionsFor patients with intact pancreatic adenocarcinoma, modern CRT is well tolerated with minimal decline in QOL during treatment. 相似文献
136.
137.
目的 探讨扶正消瘤颗粒对原发性肝癌血清中血管内皮生长因子(Vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)和缺氧诱导因子-1α(Hypoxia inducible factor-1α,HIF-1α)表达的影响及临床意义。方法 选择符合纳入标准的原发性肝癌患者66例,按1∶1随机分试验组和对照组。观察治疗过程中两组VEGF、HIF-1α水平的变化及对患者临床疗效指标的影响。结果 (1)在性别、年龄、合并乙型肝炎、Child-Pugh分级、AFP值、临床分期方面,试验组和对照组差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。(2)肝癌患者在治疗各时间节点的VEGF和HIF-1α表达水平呈线性正相关(r = 0.829,P < 0.001)。(3)VEGF浓度在经导管动脉化疗栓塞术(Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization,TACE)后3月降至术前水平(P > 0.05),HIF-1α在TACE后3月仍高于术前(P < 0.05)。(4)扶正消瘤颗粒可降低HIF-1α水平,下调VEGF的表达。(5)扶正消瘤颗粒可减少TACE序贯RFA治疗后的不良反应,提高患者的生活质量(P < 0.05)。(6)血清中VEGF水平与生活质量无明显相关性(P > 0.05,r = 0.251),HIF-1α水平与生活质量存在正相关性(P < 0.05,r = 0.450)。结论 扶正消瘤颗粒可明显改善TACE序贯RFA治疗后患者生活质量,降低HIF-1α水平,下调VEGF的表达,抑制肿瘤血管生成。 相似文献
138.
139.
Characteristics of hyperparathyroid states in the Canadian multicentre osteoporosis study (CaMos) and relationship to skeletal markers
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Clinical endocrinology》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
140.