Minocycline attenuates hyperlocomotion and prepulse inhibition deficits in mice after administration of the NMDA receptor antagonist dizocilpine.

The present study was undertaken to examine whether the second generation antibiotic drug minocycline attenuates behavioral changes (eg, acute hyperlocomotion and prepulse inhibition (PPI) deficits) in mice after the administration of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist (+)-MK-801 (dizocilpine). Dizocilpine (0.1 mg/kg)-induced hyperlocomotion was significantly attenuated by pretreatment with minocycline (40 mg/kg). Furthermore, the PPI deficits after a single administration of dizocilpine (0.1 mg/kg) were attenuated by pretreatment with minocycline (10, 20, or 40 mg/kg), in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, in vivo microdialysis study in the free-moving mice revealed that pretreatment with minocycline (40 mg/kg, i.p.) significantly attenuated the increase of extracellular dopamine (DA) levels in the frontal cortex and striatum after administration of dizocilpine (0.1 mg/kg), suggesting that the inhibition of dizocilpine-induced DA release by minocycline may, at least in part, be implicated in the mechanism of action of minocycline with respect to dizocilpine-induced behavioral changes in mice. These findings suggest that minocycline could attenuate behavioral changes in mice after the administration of the NMDA receptor antagonist dizocilpine. Therefore, it is possible that minocycline would be a potential therapeutic drug for schizophrenia.     

复发性鼻腔及鼻窦恶性肿瘤的挽救性治疗

目的 探讨鼻腔及鼻窦恶性肿瘤复发后的临床表现、与复发有关的因素、再手术的意义及缺损组织的修复。方法 排除原发性鼻腔鼻窦恶性肿瘤，仅收集治疗后复发并且有再手术意义的病例。应用乘积极限法估计生存率，Stata7．0统计软件进行统计运算。结果 1993～2002年共有25例患者符合要求。男19例，女6例，年龄13～66岁，平均46．1岁。所有患者均有至少1次手术或放射治疗史。末次治疗至复发的时间2周～46个月，中位时间18个月，80％的患者肿瘤复发出现于末次治疗后2年内。术后随访1～65个月。再手术中无死亡病例。5例健在无肿瘤复发；局部复发2例，颈部淋巴结转移1例，经过1刀或手术治疗后2例健在、1例带瘤生存；死于局部复发13例，死于肺转移1例，死于无关疾病1例，失访2例。1年生存率62．5%，2年生存率43．7％，3年生存率29．1％，中位生存时间18个月。术后发生脑脊液漏3例次，中枢性尿崩症1例次，皮瓣部分坏死1例次。手术修补脑脊液漏l例。结论 鼻腔及鼻窦恶性肿瘤局部复发多发生于末次治疗后2年之内，主要症状是头痛及局部隆起。肿瘤的类型和分化程度与复发密切相关。合理、及时的综合治疗有助于减少复发。运用有效修复手段的再手术可改善晚期患者的生活质量，延长生命。并发症主要是脑脊液漏，多数可通过保守方法治愈。     

Anteversion angle of the femoral neck in congenital dislocation of the hip

The anteversion angle of femoral neck in 40 children, aged 18 months to 14 years (4.6 years on average), with congenital dislocation of hip was measured pre-operatively on X-ray films according to the way of Dr. Hu's method, and from the proximal femur exposed during operation. The mean value of them was 64.6 degrees and 44 degrees respectively, being statistically significant (P less than 0.01). The method of direct measurement of the anteversion angle during operation was described. The factors affecting the diversity of the measured angle value with different methods were discussed. It seems that the calculation formula used in Hu's method should somehow be corrected and a revision is put forward.     

Nerve growth factor and tyrosine kinase A in human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma: expression patterns and effects on in vitro invasive behavior.

PURPOSE: Perineural invasion is a frequent occurrence in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and may prevent complete surgical resection. Studies have indicated that nerve growth factor (NGF) and its high-affinity receptor tyrosine kinase A (TrkA) may play a role in perineural invasion in several malignancies in which perineural invasion is observed. The present study was conducted to investigate the expression of NGF and TrkA in salivary ACC and to examine the effects of NGF on adhesion, migration and invasion capacities of a salivary ACC cell line (SACC-83) in vitro. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Expression of NGF and TrkA was explored using immunohistochemistry in paraffin-embedded tissues of 32 cases of salivary ACC. The effects of NGF on in vitro adhesion, migration, and invasion capacities of the SACC-83 cell line were examined using an MTT assay and a modified Boyden chamber assay respectively. RESULTS: In ACC specimens, 31 (96.9%) and 32 (100%) tumors showed immunoreactivity for NGF and TrkA respectively. Significant correlations were found between NGF/TrkA expression levels and perineural invasion (P < .05). In cell adhesion assay, the percent adherences of SACC-83 cells co-cultured with 25 ng/ml NGF at 1.5 hours and 5, 25 ng/ml NGF at 6 hours were significantly higher than that co-cultured with 0 ng/ml NGF (P < .05). However, high concentration of NGF (500 ng/ml) resulted in a significant inhibition of invasion (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Overexpression of NGF and TrkA in human salivary ACC tissues may constitute a reason for perineural invasion in salivary ACC.     

胸部类癌

本文报道了３１例胸部类癌，其中胸腺类癌１４例，支气管类癌１７例，伴有异位ＡＣＴＨ综合征者１７例。１２例患者发生转移（３９％），２４例行原发肿瘤全部或部分切除，术后放疗或化疗或两者均有者１７例，４例仅行探查并取活检，２８例经手术及病理证实。