提高血氧分压对不同储存期血液红细胞影响的探讨

目的：探讨提高血氧分压在4℃保存条件下对不同储存期红细胞的影响。方法：在无菌条件下，分别对采集0d，7d，14d，21d的库存血进行无菌氧处理以提高血氧分压。分实验组和对照组，测定血液红细胞在提高血氧分压后的血浆游离Hb浓度，血浆K^＋离子浓度，红细胞超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性，谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH—Px）活性。结果：与对照组比较，在4℃保存条件下，血液红细胞在提高血氧分压初期（1—2d），血浆游离Hh浓度和血浆K^＋离子浓度无明显变化（p〉0．05），红细胞SOD活性、红细胞GSH—Px活性有所提高（p〈0．05）；随着储存时间的延长，血浆游离Hb浓度增加、血浆K^＋离子浓度增高（p〈0．01），红细胞SOD活性和红细胞GSH—Px活性降低（p〈0．01）。结论：（1）不同储存期红细胞能保持较高血氧分压和血氧保和度；（2）血液红细胞在提高血氧分压的初期不会产生明显的溶血反应和其它损伤，红细胞抗氧化酶活性有所提高。随着储存时间的延长，红细胞抗氧化酶活性下降，溶血反应加重，存在红细胞膜氧化损伤作用，这与氧自由基攻击红细胞膜发生过氧化反应及红细胞抗氧化酶活性降低有关。     

Telomerase activity in gastric cancer

OBJECTIVE : To examine telomerase activity and its clinical significance in human gastric carcinoma and to evaluate the feasibility of non‐radioisotopic TRAP (telomeric repeat amplification protocol) assays to detect telomerase activity. METHODS : Telomerase activity in tissue samples from 58 gastric carcinomas (and their matched normal tissues), 12 gastric adenomas and nine gastric ulcers was examined by using a modified non‐ radioisotopic PCR (polymerase chain reaction)‐based TRAP assay. RESULTS : Forty‐nine of 58 gastric cancer specimens were positive for telomerase activity, with a positive rate of 84.5%. In contrast, none of the normal tissues exhibited telomerase activity (P < 0.001). One of each of the 12 gastric adenomas and nine gastric ulcers was also positive. The prevalence of telomerase activity in gastric carcinoma tissues was not correlated with age, tumor diameter, histological grade, tumor invasion depth, lymph node metastasis or tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage. CONCLUSIONS : Telomerase activity could be a good diagnostic marker for the detection of gastric carcinoma. The non‐radioisotopic TRAP assay is a feasible method for detecting telomerase activity.     

HSV (Type 1) infection of the trigeminal complex

Following corneal inoculation with herpes simplex virus (Type 1) (HSV), virus spreads to the CNS by axonal transport in the central branches of trigeminal ganglion cell neurons. Although this mode of viral entry to the CNS is rare for humans, it appears to be the principal route of entry into the CNS in animal models of herpetic corneal disease. In this study, the corneas of BALB/c mice were unilaterally inoculated with HSV, and the distribution of HSV-immunoreactive label was studied to identify the central branches of the axons of infected trigeminal ganglion cells. Virus was first noted in the brainstem trigeminal complex 4 days after corneal inoculation, when HSV-labeled afferents were found throughout the course of the descending tract of V as well as in interstitial neurons in the tract. By 5 days labeled neurons were also found not only in the n. caudalis and portions of the n. interpolaris of the trigeminal complex but also in laminae I–IV of the dorsal horn of the upper cervical levels of the spinal cord. No immunoreactivity was seen in other regions of the complex, including the n. oralis or the main sensory n. of V. By 6 days, however, the infection had spread to the main sensory division of V.     

高血压患者常规行眼底镜检查的价值：系统性综述

目的 评价高血压患者常规眼底检查的价值。 设计 系统性综述。 入选患者 ≥19岁的高血压视网膜病变患者。 数据来源 从1990起的Medline、Embase和Cochrane图书馆的数据库。 综述方法 纳入的研究包括：评估了高血压视网膜病变性失明与心血管危险因素之间联系的研究。研究必须由2名或2名以上观察者得出一致评价结果，用K统计分析表示。对于高血压患者，研究高血压视网膜病变与高血压脏器损害之间的联系。对于非选择的血压正常者和无糖尿病高血压患者，评价高血压视网膜病变与心血管危险因素之间的联系。 结果 由于观察者之间的巨大差异限制了对视网膜微血管变化的评价。高血压视网膜病变与血压水平之间的阳性及阴性预测值均较低（分别为47％～72％和32％-67％）。除了视网膜病变与脑卒中之间有联系外，视网膜微血管变化与心血管危险因素之问无明显联系。但在血压正常的视网膜病变患者中同样发现脑卒中增加。这些研究没有对高血压脏器损害的其他预测因子进行调整。 结论 研究表明，高血压患者常规进行眼底检查有额外价值的观点尚缺乏证据。     

人类豚鼠相关蛋白基因多态性与肥胖

目的探讨超重和肥胖与人类豚鼠相关蛋白(hAGRP)基因760G/A多态性的相关性。方法对135例超重和肥胖者及98例对照组提取DNA并检测hAGRP的基因型和等位基因,测定血清空腹血糖(FBS)、胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、载脂蛋白A(apoA)及载脂蛋白B(apoB)等水平。结果超重和肥胖组G/G基因型及G等位基因频率较对照组增加(P<0.05),血清TC、TG和apoB水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论hAGRP基因的760G/A多态性与肥胖相关,且在成人肥胖发展过程中起作用。     

游离脂肪酸对体外肾小管上皮细胞表型转化的影响

目的研究游离脂肪酸(FFAs)对人类近曲肾小管上皮细胞株(HK-2)表型转化的作用。方法应用流式细胞技术和免疫组织化学方法检测不同剂量的FFAs在不同时间点上对HK-2细胞形态学及α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)表达的影响。结果FFAs呈剂量和时间依赖性促进HK-2细胞表达α-SMA;在高浓度的FFAs作用下,HK-2细胞呈梭形成纤维细胞样改变。结论在FFAs作用下,体外培养的正常人近曲肾小管上皮细胞发生上皮向间叶的表型转化。     

卫生职业技术学校文化课应实施分层教学

近些年,由于受高校扩招的影响,卫生职业技术学校生源文化课水平普遍偏低,基础参差不齐,致使文化课教学举步维艰,使得我们很难提高教学质量,甚至难于保证完成教学任务。为了走出这一困境,不仅需要加大对教学方法的改革力度,还需要加大对教育管理的改革力度。这样,才可使我们的教     

休克后TPN支持导致肠源性感染的实验研究

采用五联悉生大鼠造成创伤后失血性休克和标准全胃肠外营养（ＴＰＮ）支持实验模型，观察休克后不同营养途径对肠屏障功能的影响。结果发现：休克后第８天，与经胃肠道营养（ＴＥＮ）支持组相比，ＴＰＮ支持组各项肠屏障功能指标发生显著变化，表现为肠道菌群紊乱；肠粘膜变薄，微绒毛缩短，粘膜缺损和大量Ｇ－杆菌侵入粘膜和粘膜下层；二胺氧化酶（ＤＡＯ）活性显著下降，肠细胞功能降低。与上述改变相平行，出现肠道细菌易位率增高