颅内微小动脉瘤微导管插管稳定到位的不利因素与对策

目的 探讨颅内微小动脉瘤血管内治疗时妨碍微导管插管和稳定到位的不利因素及其对策.方法 回顾2001年6月至2009年10月间46例51个颅内微小动脉瘤的血管内治疗资料,分析术中微导管插管和稳定到位的影响因素及其相应的可能对策.结果 在血管内治疗时可能妨碍微导管插管和稳定到位的因素有:微导管走行的路径,载瘤动脉迂曲,路径、载瘤动脉直径与微导管直径相差较大,路径、载瘤动脉的走行方向与动脉瘤瘤顶的指向不在同一方向且差异较大,以及载瘤动脉内动脉瘤颈处放置了支架.结论 根据路径、载瘤动脉的走行、动脉瘤的位置和瘤顶的指向,选择顺应性、稳定性与导引性、支撑性适宜并匹配的微导管与微导丝,并对其头端进行塑形,酌情选用球囊或(和)支架辅助,加之娴熟的插管技术,是颅内微小动脉瘤血管内治疗时微导管插管和稳定到位的有效方法 .     

Study of drug control over postoperative hemorrhage after selective caesarean section

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of carbetocin and oxytocin in the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage after selective caesarean section. Methods: Two hundred and sixteen pregnant women who were going to deliver by caesarean section were randomly divided into two paralleled and controlled groups, of which the oxytocin group(group A) contained 105 women and the carbetocin group(group B) 111 women. 20 IU of oxytocin was administrated during operation for both groups, 10 IU directly into uterus and 10 IU intravenously. When the operation was over, 20 IU of oxytocin was dripped for group A lasting for 8 hours, while for group B 100μg of carbetocin was immediately injected intravenously for 1 minute. Blood loss as well as hemoglobin alteration was measured for the comparison of the effect of the two drugs. Blood biochemical indicators were introduced for the evaluation of the safety of carbetocin including the function of liver and kidney and the fasting glucose.Results: No significant difference was revealed between the two groups concerning the postpartum hemorrhage within 24 hours, the postpartum hemorrhage incidence and the changes of hemoglobin. There was no significant difference in the change of liver and kidney function, fasting glucose and electrolyte changes as well.Conclusions: Carbetocin has a similar effect and safety of oxytocin in controlling the blood loss of selective caesarean section.     

独活寄生汤在类风湿关节炎患者常规治疗药物中疗效的Meta分析

目的:研究独活寄生汤对于类风湿关节炎(RA)的疗效及安全性。方法:在中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中国科技期刊全文数据库(VIP)、万方数据库、Pub Med、MEDLINE、Embase检索2015年1月之前有关独活寄生汤治疗类风湿关节炎的随机对照试验,并依据所收集文献的参考文献,进行补充检索,以及手工检索相关文献。结果:共纳入5篇随机对照试验,共计328例患者,其中常规西药组164例,常规西药联合独活寄生汤组164例。Meta分析结果显示:常规西药与联合独活寄生汤组总体疗效比较差异有统计学意义[RR=1.24,95%CI(1.12,1.38),P0.000 1]。结论:独活寄生汤是治疗风湿病的常用方剂。     

245例人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者唾液中人类疱疹病毒1～4型的检测情况分析

目的探讨人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者唾液中人类疱疹病毒（HHV）1～4型即单纯疱疹病毒1型（HSV-1）、单纯疱疹病毒2型（HSV-2）、水痘-带状疱疹病毒（VZV）和EB病毒（EBV）的分布情况。方法利用聚合酶链反应（PCR）方法对HIV感染者和健康者非刺激性全唾液中HSV-1、HSV-2、VZV和EBV DNA的存在情况进行检测,并采用SPSS 18.0软件建立数据库并进行相关指标的统计分析。结果在245例HIV阳性患者唾液中,HSV-1、HSV-2、VZV和EBV检出率分别为29.0%、3.3%、4.1%和82.0%;30例对照组唾液中上述4种病毒检出率分别为13.3%、0、0和36.7%。两组总体检出率比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）。高效抗逆转录病毒治疗（HAART）使用后HIV感染者唾液中4种病毒的检出率与未使用HAART的患者差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论云南地区HIV感染者HHV有较高的流行率,以EBV最为常见,其次为HSV-1,VZV和HSV-2少见,还存在多种疱疹病毒联合感染。     

角膜波面像差引导准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(ORK-W)治疗近视临床研究

目的前瞻性研究角膜波面像差引导准分子激光原位角膜磨镶术(ORK-W)治疗近视临床效果。方法将球镜-8.00D以下,柱镜0.00D-3.00D的近视患者随机分成2组,实验组36例72眼行角膜波面像差引导准分子激光个体化切削(ORK-W),对照组30例(60只眼)行常规LASIK。观察术后1m裸眼视力、残余屈光度,角膜波面像差中的慧差、球差及总像差均方根RMS增加值,对比敏感度的改变,满意度等指标。结果术后裸眼视力、残余屈光度和满意度两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);但实验组角膜波面像差(慧差、球差、均方根RMS)的增加均较对照组明显小,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对比敏感度的改善较对照组也明显的好,两组差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论角膜波面像差引导准分子激光个体化切削(ORK-W)可以减少术后角膜波面像差的增加,尤其减少慧差增加效果更明显,明显改善视觉质量。     

A Visual Analysis of Network Pharmacology Research Trends

Objective: To understand the current situation of network pharmacology, and to analyze external and internal characteristics of literature, is of great significance for the development of network pharmacology in the future and its application in the modernization of Chinese medicine.Methods: Bibliometrics were adapted to perform visual analysis on the research status of network pharmacology with Citespace and SPSS for windows 22.0 version(IBM, Armonk, New York, USA).Knowledge map was used to analyze the knowledge system in the field, to identify the research hotspots and dynamic frontiers, and to elaborate the research status and development trend of domestic network pharmacology.Results: The research on network pharmacology in China is at the stage of the formation and construction of basic theories.At present, we focuses on the solution of actual disease problems and basic theoretical research, while the application in the research field of traditional Chinese medicine is a new hot spot and trend in the future development.Conclusions: It is important to pay attention to the connection and communication among the knowledge groups, so that a systematic knowledge system can be formed in the field of network pharmacology in domestic as soon as possible.     

Analysis of the optical quality by determining the modulation transfer function for anterior corneal surface in myopes

AIM: To describe the characteristics of modulation transfer function (MTF) of anterior corneal surface, and obtain the the normal reference range of MTF at different spatial frequencies and optical zones of the anterior corneal surface in myopes. METHODS: Four hundred eyes from 200 patients were examined under SIRIUS corneal topography system. Phoenis analysis software was applied to simulate the MTF curves of anterior corneal surface at vertical and horizontal meridians at the 3, 4, 5 , 6, 7mm optical zones of cornea .The MTF values at spatial frequencies of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55 and 60 cycles/degree (c/d) were selected. RESULTS: The MTF curve of anterior corneal surface decreased rapidly from low to intermediate frequency (0-15cpd) at various optical zones of cornea, the value decreased to 0 slowly at higher frequency (>15cpd). With the increase of the optical zones of cornea, MTF curve decreased gradually. 3) In the range of 3 mm- 6 mm optical zones of the cornea, the MTF values measured at horizontal meridian were greater than the corresponding values at horizontal meridian of each spatial frequency, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). At 7 mm optical zones of cornea, the MTF values measured at horizontal meridian were less than the corresponding values at vertical meridian at 10-60 spatial frequencies(cpd), and the difference was statistically significant in 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50 cpd (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: MTF can be used to describe the imaging quality of optical systems at anterior corneal surface objectively in detail.     

对立违抗性障碍的研究现状

对立违抗性障碍是儿童常见的一种心理障碍。童年早期出现,青春期达到高峰。以不服 从、对抗、消极抵抗、易激惹或挑衅等行为特征为主要的临床表现。虽然对立违抗性障碍没有严重的违 法或冒犯他人的攻击行为,然而对于患儿的家庭、学校,以及社会生活仍会带来较大的麻烦。家长和学 校往往对于对立违抗性障碍缺乏认识,因而导致就诊率低,缺乏早期有效的干预。现就对立违抗性障 碍的发病机制、临床特征、诊断及治疗方面做全面综述。     

蝙蝠葛中的新生物碱——蝙蝠葛新林碱

防已科植物蝙蝠葛(Menispermum daurioum DC.)的根茎,即北豆根,是一种重要的中药,具有清热解毒、消肿止痛等功效。已知含有近二十种生物碱,其中五种属双苄基四氢异喹啉类,即蝙蝠葛碱(dauricine,Ⅰ)、蝙蝠葛诺林碱(daurinoline,Ⅱ)、蝙蝠葛新诺林碱     

准分子激光角膜屈光术后皮质类固醇性高眼压临床相关因素分析

目的:探讨准分子激光角膜屈光术后皮质类固醇性高眼压的发生率、临床相关凶素及预后.方法:对2005-12/2006-12间行LASIK或LASEK的2060例4060眼滴糖皮质激素眼液(1g/L地塞米松及1g/L氟米龙)2～3mo,术后1wk;1,2,3,6mo及1α观察眼压变化,对高眼压者进行治疗,并采用Logistic方法分析高眼压与年龄、性别、眼别、最大径线屈光度、最大径线角膜曲率、角膜切削深度和眼底垂直径杯/盘比值的相关性.结果:有88例143眼发生了高眼压,发生率为3.5%,所有高眼压患者经药物治疗眼压均降至正常.Logistic回归分析结果显示,眼底杯/盘比值与高眼压相关性P值为0.015,OR值为3.071,其他因素P值均大于0.1.眼底垂直径杯/盘比值大于等于0.4者发生皮质类固醇性高眼压的几率是小于0.4者的3.071倍.结论:准分子激光角膜屈光术后应用糖皮质激素眼液可引起部分患者发生皮质类固醇性高眼压,眼底垂直径杯/盘比值与皮质类固醇性高眼压有较强相关性,大于等于0.4是皮质类固醇性高眼压的高危因素,对眼底杯/盘比值大于等于0-4者术后可酌情减少激素用量和/或加用降眼压药物.