Electrodermal and microcirculatory activity in patients with fibromyalgia during baseline, acoustic stimulation and cold pressor tests.

The peripheral sympathetic activity was studied in 27 patients with fibromyalgia and 29 healthy controls through simultaneous measurements of electrodermal variables and blood flow at palmar skin sites during baseline, acoustic stimulation, and cold pressor tests. Compared to the controls, the patient group showed a significantly larger overall increase in the skin electrical conductance and less vasoconstriction during acoustic stimulation and cold pressor tests. These findings imply an increased activity of cholinergic and decreased activity of adrenergic components of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system in patients with fibromyalgia.     

Establishing orthotopic transplanted models of human pancreatic cancer in nude mice and study on their biological properties]

Two cell lines of human pancreatic cancer have been established, which can be successfully transplanted into pancreas of nude mice, the first of this kind of cell lines in China. Fresh specimens human of pancreatic cancer taken surgically were transplanted in the pancreas of pure line BALB/C-nu/nu nude mice. The transplanted tumours grew and reproduced successfully, and were named PINMP-1 and PINMP-2, respectively. So far, 9 generations of PINMP-1 and 6 generations of PINMP-2 were obtained. Their biological properties, ways of invasion and metastasis and morphological characteristics under light and electron microscope were studied. The results showed a 95%-100% transplanting success rate, with the success rate of transplanting from tissues revivified from the liquid nitrogen preservation being 100%. Both of the lines could produce large amount of CEA, and chromosome analysis confirmed that they had retained a karyotype of the human cancer cells. In nude mice transplanted with the tumours, metastasis could be found in the lymph nodes, lungs and livers. Metastasis via lymphatic channels and blood vessels were also demonstrated. The pathological and ultrastructural examination confirmed that the transplanted tumours had identical characteristics as their donor tumours. The transplanted cells grew independently in the pancreas of the nude mice, making a better model for study on tumour invasion and metastasis than subcutaneously transplanted tumours. This indicated that the microenvironment in the transplantation site had certain influence on the biological behavior of the transplanted tumours. The models could be used in the study on the invasion, metastasis and experimental therapy of pancreatic carcinomas.     

Enhanced lung maturation in cocaine-exposed rabbit fetuses

Because of cocaine's possible effect on the incidence of respiratory distress syndrome in offspring of cocaine-addicted mothers, we have studied the effects of maternal exposure to cocaine on the functional anatomy of fetal rabbit lungs. Pregnant dams were injected s.c. daily with either cocaine (18 mg/kg) or an equal volume of 0.9% NaCl at 24, 25, and 26 d gestation. Cocaine metabolites were confirmed both in urine of treated dams and in fetal amniotic fluid. Serum cortisol levels were higher in treated dams than in controls. Fetuses were delivered through hysterotomy at 27 d. Tracheas were cannulated and a volume-pressure diagram was obtained during initial lung inflation-deflation. Volume was measured for 2 min at each pressure (P) increment of 5 cm H2O. Body weights and dry lung weights were comparable between the two groups. In contrast, cocaine-exposed lungs differed from controls as follows: 1) wet lung weights were lower (0.79 versus 0.89 g, p less than 0.02); 2) opening pressure was lower (P25 versus P35); 3) volume (mL/kg) was higher in treated animals at each pressure step (p less than 0.05); 4) end-deflation volume at P0 was higher (30.4 versus 0.8 mL/kg, p less than 0.001); and 5) bubbles released from saccules by micropuncture, which were stable by Pattle's criteria, had estimated surface tension near zero (controls produced no stable bubbles). Light micrographs of cocaine-exposed fetuses revealed more secondary septa and thinner septal walls than controls.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Gluing of sterile abdominal benign cyst walls with tissue adhesives (Tissucol) (preliminary report)]

The authors, endeavouring to stick the walls of percutaneously emptied cysts together had applied the two-component Tissucol fibrin glue in the treatment of abdominal and thoracic cysts. Their ten cases, however, may be considered only as preliminary experiences. It seems that the method can be recommended for an attempt to cease these formations in a fast and simple way. Nevertheless, this method must not be the subject of treatment in infected and malignant fluid collections, but seems successful in pancreatic pseudocysts, in spite of their higher proteolytic activity.     

Serological conflict: relation between antibody titer, Liley's zone and the condition of the fetus and newborn infant]

On the basis of analysis of 128 cases of serological incompatibility it was found that antibodies to Rh in titres of 1/8 or less constituted a good prognostic factor, and without evidence of fetal distress in USG examination this was not an indication to treatment undertaking. If the titre is from 1/16 to 1/128 the prognosis is worse and the degree of fetal haemolytic disease risk may be estimated on the basis of USG and Liley's zone. The prognosis is very bad in case of titre exceeding 1/128 and high Liley's zone, and without effective treatment of haemolytic disease in fetal life only few fetuses survive.     

Plasma atrial natriuretic peptide and renin-aldosterone in patients with cirrhosis and ascites: basal levels, changes during daily activity and nocturnal diuresis.

Measurements of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations at 8 AM showed raised levels in 21 patients with cirrhosis and ascites (10.5 +/- 0.8 pmol/L) compared with levels in 10 age-matched controls (4.1 +/- 0.64 pmol/L; p less than 0.0001). In eight patients and 10 controls, atrial natriuretic peptide, plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone and urinary sodium excretion were measured every 4 hr for 24 hr. Subjects were mobile between 8 AM and 11 PM and supine from 11 PM to 8 AM. In controls, urinary sodium excretion was highest between 4 PM and 11 PM (19.34 +/- 3.74 mumol/min) and lowest between midnight and 8 AM (7.06 +/- 1.23 mumol/min; p less than 0.001). In patients, urinary sodium excretion was 0.63 +/- 0.14 mumol/min between 4 PM and midnight and 1.85 +/- 0.71 mumol/min (p less than 0.08) between midnight and 8 AM. In patients during the day, mean plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentration did not change despite large individual variation, but large, sustained rises in plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone were seen. Correlations were noted between atrial natriuretic peptide and urinary sodium excretion between midnight and 8 AM (r = 0.65; p less than 0.02) and 4 PM and midnight (r = 0.54; p less than 0.05) but not between 8 AM and 4 PM. Plasma renin activity dropped from 12.54 +/- 2.49 at midnight to 7.41 +/- 0.88 pmol/hr/ml at 8 AM (p less than 0.05); plasma aldosterone decreased from 1,032 +/- 101 to 798 +/- 56 pmol/L (p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Molecular cytogenetic study of short arm aberrations in human D, G group chromosomes.

Six cases of Dp+/Gp+, 10 cases of D/G translocation, 1 case of supernumerary marker chromosome, and 1 case of Yqs were studied using molecular and cytogenetic techniques. The Ag-NOR frequencies of the Dp+ and Gp+ groups were found to be higher than those of normal controls, while their satellite association frequencies were lower. Autoradiographic silver grains were not significantly distributed along the p+ part of the marker chromosome as revealed by chromosomal in situ hybridization using an rRNA probe. This result differs from our previous report. It is suggested that there might be different mechanisms for the formation of p+ on acrocentric chromosomes. D/G translocation cases were found to have lost their NOR. A study of supernumerary marker chromosomes and Yqs cases suggested that the marker chromosome and Yqs exerted no phenotypic effect. The mechanism of their formation is discussed.