急性脑血管病患者血清及脑脊液髓鞘碱性...

Myelin basic protein (MBP) was measured in the serum and CSF of patients with acute cerebrovascular disease (CVD, 34 cases), demyelinating disorders (DMD, 30 cases) and other neurological diseases (OND, 26 cases) by using a double antibody radioimmunoassay (RIA). Patients with acute CVD had a mean serum MBP concentration and positivity rate much higher than those with DMD and OND. The differences were significant (P < 0.05). In CSF, MBP levels in patients with acute CVD and patients with DMD were significantly greater than those in OND patients (P < 0.05). The results also show that there was a linear relationship between the CSF MBP levels and the serum MBP levels in patients with acute CVD (r = 0.72, P < 0.01), but no such relationship in patients with DMD and OND. The amount of serum MBP was also significantly correlated to the severity of acute CVD, to the level of consciousness disorder and limb paralysis, and to the extent and site of the cerebral lesion at CT-scan (P < 0.05). This study shows that the measurement of brain specific MBP in serum as a marker of cerebral damage may have clinical value in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with CVD.     

鸟氨酸-天门冬氨酸联合乳果糖治疗肝性脑病疗效观察

目的探讨鸟氨酸-天门冬氨酸(雅博司)联合乳果糖治疗肝性脑病的疗效.方法选择56例肝性脑病患者,在综合性治疗的基础上,给鸟氨酸-天门冬氨酸20g/d静脉滴注;乳果糖20ml口服或鼻饲,每日三次.另选36例患者作为对照组,给一般综合性治疗,同时给乙酰谷酰胺1.0g/d静脉滴注,分别治疗20天.结果治疗组病死率明显下降,与对照组相比,有显著性差异(x2=4.02,P＜0.05),在降低血氨及促进脑电图改善方面,两组也存在显著性差异.结论雅博司联合乳果糖治疗慢性重型肝炎合并的肝性脑病,疗效显著,值得研究和应用.     

Location of lectin UEA-I receptors in histological diagnosis of nasopharyngeal precancerous lesion.

Three kinds of lectins (UEA-I, ConA, PNA) were used to study normal, dysplastic, neoplastic nasopharyngeal epithelium by lectin affinitive histochemical method. UEA-I (ulex europeus agglutinin-I) displayed membrane distribution in normal squamous epithelium, but most of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells were negative. Notably, severe dysplastic epithelium (precancerous lesion) exhibited a strong membranous and cytoplasmic affinity, which contrasted sharply with the normal epithelium and carcinoma cells. The statistically significant difference in the content and distribution of lectin UEA-I in these three groups suggest that UEA-I is a hopeful marker for diagnosing precancerous lesion of the nasopharynx. However, PNA and ConA are of less diagnostic value.

     

Surgical treatment of primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Clinical analysis of 11 cases]

545 cases of esophageal carcinoma were confirmed histologically and by esophagoscopic biopsy between Jan. 1982 and May 1990. Primary small cell carcinoma was identified in 19 cases. Of 11 patients confirmed operatively, 5 had oat cell carcinoma, 4 combined oat cell carcinoma and 2 intermediate cell carcinoma. The mean overall survival period was 13.9 months. The longest survival period was 27 months. The prognosis of primary small cell carcinoma was poorer than that of squamous carcinoma of the esophagus because of its propensity of spread and metastasis. Once the diagnosis of small cell carcinoma was established, surgery was undertaken as early as possible. For patients who had lymph node metastasis at the time of diagnosis, we recommended surgical treatment plus systemic chemotherapy after operation. To increase the resection rate, it is important to do chest CT scan, bronchiofiberscopy and B-type ultrasonography before operation.     

Relative parathyroid insufficiency in hypomagnesemia]

In patients with normocalcaemic tetany and hyperventilation syndrome (functional breathing syndrome), respectively, the parathyroid function was studied by means of the EDTA test according to Kaiser and Ponsold. In agreement with experimental results on inhibition of the parathyroid hormone release in magnesium deficiency patients with low serum magnesium concentrations show a pathological EDTA test signalling a relative parathyroid insufficiency.     

The Inhibition of Apoptosis of Hepatoma Cells Induced by HBx Is Mediated by Up-regulation of Survivin Expression

Abnormalityofproliferationandapoptosisinma lignanttumorsisubiquitousandinvolvedmanygenes.Studiesshowedthathepatocellularcarcinoma(HCC) ,oneofthemostcommonmalignancesinChi na ,hasmanyabnormalexpressionofgenesrelatedtoproliferationandapoptosis .Recentstudiesindicatedthatsurvivin ,whichbelongstothefamilyofapopto sisinhibitionprotein ,hadahighexpressionlevelinHCCandwasrelatedtothemechanismsofabnormalapoptosisofHCCcells[1] .PatientswithHCCinChi nashowedahighinfectiousrateofover 80 %ofhep atit…     

Prenatal diagnosis in autosomal dominant Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome

A 20-year-old woman with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) was ultrasonographically appraised at intervals during her pregnancy. Unequivocal evidence for a diagnosis of BWS was obtained in the fetus and this was confirmed postnatally. Early ultrasound diagnosis enabled appropriate genetic counselling to be given; neonatal complications, such as hypoglycaemic episodes, were prevented.     

X-刀立体定向放射治疗颅内肿瘤的近期疗效分析

目的:分析立体定向X-刀放射治疗颅内肿瘤后的近期疗效,并进行阶段性工作总结。材料和方法:53例不同类型脑瘤患者,以CT、MR、DSA图像资料作为定位依据,用德国Brain LAB治疗计划系统设计三维优化方案,西门子MD-2型直线加速器旋转照射。结果:53例患者经X-刀治疗后,近期均取得了满意效果,诸如以卡氏评分法评价,临床症状有所改善;以CT增强扫描复查观察,肿瘤大小趋于缩小或消失。结论:立体定向放射治疗后的追踪观察表明,只要严格掌握适应症,精确定位,精确计划,精心治疗,X-刀是一种安全、有效、无痛苦的治疗脑肿瘤的方法。它可起到改善临床症状,提高患者生活质量,延长生存期限的作用。     

国产4环／7层PET仪初试

对我国１９９６年研制成功的４环／７层ＰＥＴ仪（轴向视野８ｃｍ）进行试用。先进行模型试验和动物实验，然后对１例正常志愿者和７例患者进行１８Ｆ脱氧葡萄糖（ＦＤＧ）ＰＥＴ显像。静脉注射１８ＦＦＤＧ３７０ＭＢｑ后约１５小时显像，成人全身显像行１１个床位采集，约１５小时，心脑局部显像行２～３个床位采集，约半小时。直径１～３ｃｍ的阴模和阳模皆可显示。８例全身冠状和矢状断层影像清晰，正常志愿者（正常进食）可见脑和心肌显影，膀胱内放射性较多。２例恶性肿瘤患者的６处病变浓聚１８ＦＦＤＧ。２例恶性肿瘤患者手术和化疗后无复发征，显像阴性。２例良性病变处未见１８ＦＦＤＧ浓集。１例陈旧性心肌梗塞患者１８ＦＦＤＧ心肌断层显像与９９ｍＴｃ甲氧基异丁基异腈心肌血流灌注显像匹配良好。正常心肌显影与否受葡萄糖负荷的影响。８例脑皮质横断影像良好，基底节和丘脑影像有时尚欠清晰。初试结果表明，该ＰＥＴ仪相当于至今尚在国外广泛使用的８０年代中期４环／７层ＰＥＴ仪水平，但具有９０年代ＰＥＴ仪全身整体冠状和矢状断层显像的功能，可用于全身肿瘤显像、心肌活性判断和功能性癫痫灶术前定位，但仪器操作性能和软件功能尚需进一步完善。