卵巢高反应患者全胚冷冻临床应用研究

目的 探讨卵巢高反应患者新鲜移植周期与冻融胚胎移植(frozen-thawed embryo transfer, FET)周期妊娠结局的差异,了解促排卵药物对新鲜周期子宫内膜容受性的影响。方法 回顾性分析2011年1月至2013年12月在中国医科大学附属盛京医院生殖中心促排卵周期行新鲜胚胎移植(582例)和全部胚胎冷冻再行FET(167例)周期的临床妊娠率、生化妊娠率、种植率、胚胎停育率、异位妊娠率、流产率、持续妊娠率和多胎妊娠率。结果 582例促排卵周期新鲜胚胎移植与167例FET周期比较临床妊娠率（42.44% vs. 69.46%）,生化妊娠率（7.22% vs. 2.99%）,种植率（28.27% vs. 48.99%）,胚胎停育率（8.10% vs. 7.76%）,异位妊娠率（5.26% vs. 4.31%）,流产率（8.10% vs. 6.90%）,持续妊娠率（34.19% vs. 59.88%）,多胎率（35.22% vs. 37.93%）。组间比较临床妊娠率、生化妊娠率、种植率、持续妊娠率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 全胚冷冻再行冻融周期移植可显著提高卵巢高反应患者临床妊娠率、种植率及持续妊娠率,不增加多胎率的发生,可获得更为理想的妊娠结局。新鲜周期高雌激素可能对子宫内膜容受性有损害作用。     

Association of Gut Microbiota Enterotypes with Blood Trace Elements in Women with Infertility

Infertility is defined as failure to achieve pregnancy within 12 months of unprotected intercourse in women. Trace elements, a kind of micronutrient that is very important to female reproductive function, are affected by intestinal absorption, which is regulated by gut microbiota. Enterotype is the classification of an intestinal microbiome based on its characteristics. Whether or not Prevotella-enterotype and Bacteroides-enterotype are associated with blood trace elements among infertile women remains unclear. The study aimed to explore the relationship between five main whole blood trace elements and these two enterotypes in women with infertility. This retrospective cross-sectional study recruited 651 Chinese women. Whole blood copper, zinc, calcium, magnesium, and iron levels were measured. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed on all fecal samples. Patients were categorized according to whole blood trace elements (low levels group, <5th percentile; normal levels group, 5th‒95th percentile; high levels group, >95th percentile). There were no significant differences in trace elements between the two enterotypes within the control population, while in infertile participants, copper (P = 0.033), zinc (P < 0.001), magnesium (P < 0.001), and iron (P < 0.001) in Prevotella-enterotype was significantly lower than in Bacteroides-enterotype. The Chi-square test showed that only the iron group had a significant difference in the two enterotypes (P = 0.001). Among infertile patients, Prevotella-enterotype (Log(P/B) > −0.27) predicted the low levels of whole blood iron in the obesity population (AUC = 0.894; P = 0.042). For the high levels of iron, Bacteroides-enterotype (Log(P/B) <−2.76) had a predictive power in the lean/normal group (AUC = 0.648; P = 0.041) and Log(P/B) <−3.99 in the overweight group (AUC = 0.863; P = 0.013). We can infer that these two enterotypes may have an effect on the iron metabolism in patients with infertility, highlighting the importance of further research into the interaction between enterotypes and trace elements in reproductive function.     

小儿功能性便秘罗马Ⅳ标准的外科学解读

胃肠道疾病可分为三类:器质性疾病、动力型疾病及功能性疾病.器质性疾病的诊断依赖于病理学,如胃肠道肿瘤.动力型疾病的诊断依赖于动力改变,如假性肠梗阻.功能性胃肠道疾病(functional gastrointestinal disorders,FGIDs)是一类主要通过症状进行诊断的疾病,而这些症状可与动力紊乱、内脏高敏感性、黏膜和免疫功能失调、肠道菌群失衡及中枢神经系统调节功能异常等相关,如功能性便秘、肠易激综合征等[1].     

ICL植入术矫正超高度近视的临床效果观察

目的:评估有晶状体眼后房型人工晶状体(ICL)矫正超高度近视的疗效及安全性。方法:对超高度近视患者20例40眼接受普通型ICL或散光型后房型人工晶状体(TICL)治疗,术前屈光度球镜-10.0～-18.0D,柱镜-0.25～-3.00D,等效球镜-15.32D,术后随访12mo,观察指标包括UCVA,BCVA、角膜地形图、主观和客观验光、角膜内皮细胞计数、眼压测量、裂隙灯检查。结果:术后12mo,裸眼视力≥0.8者占80.0%(32眼)。30.0%(12眼)的术眼BCVA较术前提高1行,15.0%(6眼)的术眼BCVA较术前提高2行。术后12mo术眼屈光度在±0.50D者达70.0%(28眼)。术前患者平均眼压为16±2.8mmHg,术后6mo平均眼压为17±3.4mmHg,术前术后相比较差异无显著性(t=0.518,P=0.776),术前患者角膜内皮细胞计数平均为2823±243.6个/mm2,术后6mo平均为2709±273.2个/mm2,术前术后比较无显著性差异(t=0.794,P=0.422)。未发生继发性青光眼、视网膜脱离及并发性白内障。结论:ICL植入术矫正超高度近视具有良好的疗效和安全性,远期效果有待进一步观察。     

不同来源千金藤中千金藤素的HPLC法测定

目的建立不同来源的千金藤植物中千金藤素的HPLC测定方法。方法采用Angela C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相:乙腈–水(52∶48,含0.5%三乙胺、0.01%磷酸);检测波长:282 nm;柱温:30℃;体积流量:1.0 m L/min;进样体积:20μL。结果千金藤素质量浓度在9~216μg/m L时与峰面积值呈良好的线性关系(r=0.999 7),平均回收率为96.0%,RSD值为2.0%(n=6)。产自湖南的千金藤(No.13)、产自广西的白药子(No.17)中千金藤素的量较高,分别为0.013 9%、0.122 1%;同一植株的不同用药部位(No.12~15)中千金藤素的量也不尽相同,湖南产千金藤中千金藤素主要分布在茎中,其质量分数为0.013 9%。结论该方法操作简便、准确、重复性好,可用于千金藤植物千金藤、地不容和白药子中千金藤素的测定。     

神经内科护理中对脑卒中康复护理的临床研究

目的探讨神经内科护理中脑卒中康复护理的临床效果。方法选取本院2011年10月～2012年10月神经内科脑卒中患者92例,随机分为两组,41例患者实施常规护理为对照组,另外41例患者实施康复护理为观察组,比较两组患者患侧上肢运动功能及日常生活能力评分、临床疗效、继发性功能障碍。结果护理后,两组患者患侧上肢运动功能评分、日常生活能力评分均显著提高,且观察组相关评分均明显高于对照组;观察组总有效率（97.6%）明显高于对照组（85.4%）,观察组继发性功能障碍发生率（17.1%）明显低于对照组（46.3%）,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论康复护理可明显改善脑卒中患者的临床症状,促进神经功能恢复,提高患侧上肢运动功能和日常生活能力,临床疗效显著,且继发性功能障碍发生率较低。     

Dihydroartemisinin is an inhibitor of ovarian cancer cell growth

Aim： To investigate the anticancer activity of dihydroartemisinin （DHA）, a derivative of antimalaria drug artemisinin in a panel of human ovarian cancer cell lines. Methods： Cell growth was determined by the MTT viability assay. Apoptosis and cell cycle progression were evaluated by a DNA fragmentation gel electro-phoresis, flow cytometry assay, and TUNEL assay; protein and mRNA expression were analyzed by Western blotting and RT-PCR assay. Results： Artemisinin and its derivatives, including artesunate, arteether, artemether, arteannuin, and DHA, exhibit anticancer growth activities in human ovarian cancer cells. Among them, DHA is the most effective in inhibiting cell growth. Ovarian cancer cell lines are more sensitive （5-10-fold） to DHA treatment compared to normal ovarian cell lines. DHA at micromolar dose levels exhibits a dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity in ovarian cancer cell lines. Furthermore, DHA induced apoptosis and G2 cell cycle arrest, accompanied by a decrease of Bcl-XL and Bcl-2 and an increase of Bax and Bad. Conclusion： The promising results show for the first time that DHA inhibits the growth of human ovarian cancer cells. The selective inhibition of ovarian cancer cell growth, apoptosis induction, and G2 arrest provide in vitro evidence for further studies of DHA as a possible anticancer drug in the clinical treatment of ovarian cancer.     

Cocktail探针药物法评价糖尿病大鼠体内细胞色素P450不同亚型的活性

目的:探讨链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导糖尿病模型大鼠体内细胞色素P450酶(CYPs)6种亚型活性及蛋白含量的变化,为临床合理用药提供参考.方法:将大鼠随机分为空白对照组、糖尿病1周组、4周组和8周组.应用"Cocktail"探针药物法评价各组大鼠血浆中各探针药物的浓度,比较空白对照组和3组糖尿病模型组各探针药物的药动学参数,评价糖尿病大鼠体内细胞色素P450酶亚型1A2、2D6、2C19、2C9、2E1和3A4活性的变化;选择酶联免疫吸附测定法(ELISA)检测糖尿病大鼠肝脏中此6种CYPs亚型酶蛋白相对表达量的变化.结果:相比于空白组,糖尿病4周和8周组大鼠体内咖啡因AUC分别降低了62.78%和79.31%(P<0.01),校正后的清除率(CL Z)分别升高了5.12和52.35倍(P<0.05,P<0.01);糖尿病模型组大鼠体内美托洛尔AUC、t 1/2z和CL Z均无显著变化;糖尿病8周大鼠体内氯唑沙宗AUC降低了60.58%(P<0.01),CL Z升高了1.2倍(P<0.01);糖尿病4周和8周组大鼠体内奥美拉唑AUC降低了55.60%和81.42%(P<0.05,P<0.01),CL Z升高了27.50和41.25倍(P<0.01);8周大鼠甲苯磺丁脲AUC降低了45.39%(P<0.05)、CL Z升高了83.33%(P<0.01);糖尿病1周和8周组大鼠体内咪达唑仑AUC降低了43.23%和53.87%(P<0.05,P<0.01),CL Z升高了1.33和2.04倍(P<0.05).相比于空白组,糖尿病1周和4周组大鼠肝脏中CYP1A2蛋白相对表达量升高了24.60%和26.41%(P<0.05),糖尿病1周组大鼠CYP3A4蛋白相对表达量降低了24.62%(P<0.05),CYP2D6、2E1、2C19和2C9蛋白相对表达量无变化.结论:与空白组相比,糖尿病模型组大鼠体内CYP1A2、2E1、2C19、2C9和3A4活性均被诱导,而CYP2D6活性未发生变化;与空白组相比,糖尿病1周、4周组的大鼠肝脏中CYP1A2蛋白相对表达量明显升高,糖尿病1周组大鼠肝脏中CYP3A4蛋白相对表达量明显降低,CYP2D6、2E1、2C9和2C19亚型酶蛋白相对表达量均未发生显著变化.     

RP-HPLC法同时测定猪胆粉药材中3种牛磺结合型胆酸的含量

目的:建立同时测定猪胆粉药材中牛磺猪胆酸、牛磺猪去氧胆酸和牛磺鹅去氧胆酸含量的RP-HPLC方法。方法:采用Welchrom C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为甲醇-磷酸二氢钠溶液(0.03 mol·L-1)(70∶30),用磷酸调节pH为4.4,流速为1.0 mL·min-1,检测波长200 nm,柱温25℃。结果:牛磺猪胆酸、牛磺猪去氧胆酸和牛磺鹅去氧胆酸进样量分别在1.65～16.5μg(r=0.9998),2.03～20.3μg(r=0.9998),1.09～10.9μg(r=0.9996)范围内线性关系良好;检测限分别为26.4,7.6,38.2 ng;平均加样回收率(n=9)分别为101.2%(RSD=1.9%),99.1%(RSD=1.7%),100.6%(RSD=2.1%)。结论:该方法简便、准确,重复性好,在同一色谱条件下实现多指标成分的同时测定,为猪胆粉的全面质量评价提供参考。