Modified Dynabeads method for enumerating CD4+ T-lymphocyte count for widespread use in resource-limited situations

The Dynabeads method showed the potential for enumerating CD4 T lymphocytes (CD4 count) in HIV-1-infected individuals. The large volume of Dynabeads required for 1 sample and complex procedure made the method expensive and not easy for use, however. To decrease the cost and simplify the procedure, we reduced the volume of the Dynabeads, added wash times, and skipped over the staining step so as to count the CD4 cells directly under an optical microscope. The CD4 count of 246 blood samples using our modified Dynabeads method (DynabeadsCD4) showed a significant correlation with that obtained by flow cytometry (FlowcytoCD4) (r = 0.91 [P < 0.0001]; slope = 1.03, intercept = -16). The sensitivity and specificity for a CD4 count less than 200 cells/microL were 79% and 94%, and for a CD4 count less than 350 cells/microL, the sensitivity and specificity were 95% and 88%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values for a CD4 count less than 350 cells/microL were 97% and 83%, respectively. The systematic error was 8 cells/microL (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.4-16). The cost of Dynabeads for 1 sample was less than $1.00; thus, the estimated cost per DynabeadsCD4 test is less than $3.00, including the cost of other disposable materials. Our modified method is simple, economic, and accurate enough to monitor antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited situations.     

经皮穿刺椎间盘髓核摘除术入路的研究

为提供椎间盘髓核摘除术形态学依据，在7具成人横断面标本上观察测量了L1～L5椎间盘平面经皮穿刺椎间盘髓核摘除术的进针点、角度和深度。发现在L1～L3、L4～L5椎间盘髓核的穿刺点以距后正中线8～10cm，9～11cm，穿刺角度以46．7°～59．5°，穿刺深度为110．2～128．9mm为最宜。     

Role of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in the treatment of mucormycosis

Several problems in the management of life-threatening mucormycosis remain unresolved, necessitating new methods of management. Four patients with histopathologically proven rhinocerebral mucormycosis were treated with high cumulative doses of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). All had multiple predisposing factors for mucormycosis, particularly leukemia and neutropenia. Two patients refractory to fluconazole therapy were treated with liposomal amphotericin B. The improvement in clinical manifestations was closely related to neutrophil recovery, and all patients were alive at the end of therapy. In addition to surgical debridement and antifungal therapy, G-CSF seems to have played a role in their survival.     

中草药的变态反应

通过大量的文献调查、以鱼腥草和丹参及其制剂引起的变态反应为重点,介绍常用中草药诱发变态反应的临床表现、分型、处理和预防方法。为临床安全、有效使用中草药提供借鉴。     

牙周炎患者龈沟液白细胞介素—1β检测及意义

目的：检测牙周炎患者龈沟液（gingival crevicular fluid,GCF)中白细胞介素－1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)的含量,探讨IL－1β在牙周炎发病中的作用。方法：用滤纸条浸润法采集正常成年人及成年人牙周炎患者治疗前后GCF样本,用酶联免疫吸附法（ELISA）检测GCF中IL－1β含量变化,牙周炎患者龈沟液中IL－1β水平显著高于正常对照组（P＜0．01）,牙周炎治疗组患者龈沟液中IL－1β水平较牙周炎组显著降低（P＜0．01）,龈沟液中IL－1β水平分别与牙龈指数,探诊出血指数,牙周袋深呈显著正相关,结论：IL－1β参与牙周炎的发生和发展,GCF中IL－1β可作为检查牙周病活动情况的一项较为敏感的指标。     

听宫穴针刺及注射利多卡因治疗神经性耳鸣

目的：探讨针刺听宫穴注射昨多卡因治疗神经性耳鸣的效果。方法：对神经性耳鸣80例采用针刺听宫穴得气后注射2％利多卡因1ml。结果：80例中治愈58例、66耳,显效10例、12耳、有效6例、6耳,无效6例、8耳。结论：突聋伴耳鸣及噪声性耳鸣且病程短短者疗效好,外伤性耳鸣及原因不明耳鸣者疗效较差。此法简便易行、安全,无毒副作用。     

不同组织来源的成纤维细胞的生物学特性比较

目的 探讨来自政治家皮肤、增生性瘢痕和瘢痕疙瘩组织的成纤维细胞的生物学特性。方法 对三种组织均采用组织块法进行细胞的原代培养,采用胰蛋白酶消化传代,分别利用绘制细胞生长曲线,^H-胸腺嘧啶掺入及^3H-脯氨酸掺入等方法观察细胞的增殖,DNA合成代谢及胶原合成等情况。并比较它们之间的差异。结果 瘢痕疙瘩成纤维细胞在细胞增殖、DNA合成代谢及胶原合成量等方面均明显高于正常皮肤及增生性瘢痕组织来源的成纤维细胞。后两者之间有一定区别但无统计学意义。结论 不同组织来源的成纤维细胞其生物学行为亦有所区别,因此,在进行实验研究时应有一定的针对性。