食管超声多普勒监测急性高容量血液稀释对血液动力学的影响

目的　应用经食管超声多普勒血液动力学监测仪 ,观察全麻下急性高容量血液稀释(HHD)的血液动力学和氧供 (DO2 )变化。方法　选择 1 5例ASAI～II级择期行非心脏手术患者。麻醉诱导插管后持续监测心输出量 (CO)、每搏量 (SV)、心脏指数 (CI)、血流峰速度 (PV)、血流加速度(Acc)和左室射血时间指数 (LVETi) ,每隔 5分钟输入MAP值后计算出系统血管阻力 (SVR)值。麻醉平稳和各项监测完成后 1 0min ,在 30min内输注 6 %羟乙基淀粉 (HES) 2 0ml/kg。记录 6 %HES输注前、输注 1 5和 30min时的各项监测数据 ,并抽取动脉血液样本行血气分析并计算DO2 。结果　与HHD前相比 ,血气各参数 (pH、PaO2 、PaCO2 、BE)均无明显差异 (P >0 0 5 ) ,而 6 %HES输注 1 5和30min血红蛋白 (Hb)含量、红细胞比积 (Hct)均明显下降 (P <0 0 5和P <0 0 1 )。 6 %HES输注 1 5和 30min时的CaO2 比HHD前明显下降 (P <0 0 5 ) ,而DO2 显著增加 (P <0 0 5 )。与HHD前测量值相比 ,6 %HES输注 1 5min ,CO、SV、CI、PV和Acc明显升高 ,SVR显著降低 (P <0 0 5 ) ;6 %HES输注 30min ,SV、PV和Acc进一步升高 (P <0 0 1 ) ,而CO、CI和SVR与 6 %HES输注 1 5min时无明显变化。MAP、HR和LVETi在HHD期间无明显变化。结论　术前输注 6 %HES 2 0ml     

应用单克隆抗体(MoAb)对白血病免疫分型的临床研究

报告了应用单克隆抗体对25例淋巴细胞白血病、5例慢性粒细胞白血病及15例急性非淋巴细胞白血病进行免疫分型并与AB分型作比较,结果提示免疫分型可以弥补FAB分型的不足,它有助于白血病临床诊断、鉴别诊断、指导治疗和判断预后。     

猪胰细胞膜缩胆囊肽结合蛋白的纯化

从猪胰细胞膜提取、纯化得到一种缩胆囊肽（ＣＣＫ）结合蛋白，达电泳纯。经十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ），其亚基分子量为４３．１×１０－２２ｋｇ。此结合蛋白与不同的ＣＣＫ－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ作用时显示，其与硫酸化ＣＣＫ－８、ＣＣＫ－８、硫酸化亮氨酸脑啡肽（Ｌｅｕ－ｅｎｋ）结合活性较大，而与ＣＣＫ－６、ＣＣＫ－４及Ｌｅｕ－ｅｎｋ结合活性较弱。说明ＣＣＫ羧基末端第七位上酪氨酸的硫酸化对ＣＣＫ结合活性有较大影响。并与ＣＣＫ肽链的长度有关。     

闭合性轻度脑外伤事件相关电位地形图的初步研究

为了解脑外伤后病人精神心理和智力改变的客观依据,我们使用DantecConcerto~(TM)仪,对24例闭合性轻度脑外伤患者和14例正常人P_(300)分布地形图的变化进行了对比观察。结果发现正常组P_(300)高波幅区相对集中于Cz附近的椭园形区域内,而脑外伤组则从Cz向两侧颞后播散,潜伏期延长,波形分化不良,波幅反而较正常组高;重复试验时,正常组潜伏期略为缩短,波幅稍增高,分布更集中于Cz为中心的小范围内,而脑外伤组向整个后头部移动,潜伏期进一步延长,波幅普遍明显下降,唯有T_3点反而奇异地升高38％。作者认为以上改变可能是参与P_(300)发生的皮层和皮层下结构中的微细结构受损害而使其整合功能被削弱的结果。这一结果与认为P_(300)发生于大脑皮层及皮层下各结构的综合反应的观点是一致的。     

关于口腔医学多媒体及网络教学实验效果的分析

采用比较研究的方法进行了口腔医学多媒体及网络教学实验，旨在观察比较网络教学环境、多媒体课件演示以及传统教师讲授等多种教学方式的教学效果，分析传统教学与网络教学模式下的教学环节、教学效果以及存在问题，对课件进行总体评价，对影响因素进行分析，对多媒体及网络教学模式作一初步的实践和探索。     

Region-specific constitutive gene expression in the adult porcine meniscus.

The knee meniscus exhibits extensive spatial variations in native healing capacity, biochemical composition, and cell morphology that suggest the existence of distinct phenotypes for meniscus cells. Constitutive gene expression levels of appropriate extracellular matrix proteins may serve as useful molecular markers of cellular phenotypes; however, relatively little is known of variations in the gene expression for meniscus cells of different regions of the tissue. The objective of the present study was to evaluate constitutive differences between radial inner and outer regions in gene expression for extracellular matrix proteins relevant to the meniscus. A secondary objective was to determine if these region-specific differences in gene expression are maintained after periods of monolayer culture. The innermost regions of the meniscus were found to constitutively express higher mRNA levels for proteins highly expressed in articular cartilage, including aggrecan, type II collagen, and NOS2. In contrast, the outer meniscus was found to contain higher gene expression for proteins associated with fibrous tissues including type I collagen, and the proteases MMP2 and MMP3. Isolated inner and outer meniscus cells maintained these region-specific gene expression patterns for collagens and proteoglycans during short-term monolayer culture. The results provide new information that suggests the utility of constitutive gene expression levels as molecular markers to distinguish tissue and cells of the inner and outer meniscus.     

中国心理咨询发展的历史回顾与前景趋势

目的:回顾心理咨询在中国产生、发展的历史和现状,提出存在的问题和不足,展望21世纪心理咨询发展的前景和趋势。资料来源:通过整理专家专题讲座笔记和手工查阅与心理咨询相关的资料熏检索词“心理咨询”熏并限定文章语言种类为中文。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选取心理咨询文献开始查找全文。纳入与心理咨询相关的研究。资料提炼:根据国内外关于心理咨询的研究资料和印刷品资源中心理咨询相关资料进行归纳和概括,提取相关资料并进行整合。纳入与国外心理咨询历史发展和生态学有关,与中国心理咨询发展与现状有关的资料。资料综合:心理咨询在发达国家虽然已有近百年的历史,但在中国才刚刚起步阶段,广大心理咨询工作者经过近20多年的不懈地努力,心理咨询理论和方法虽然有了雏形,还需要进一步的完善。结论:借鉴国外心理咨询发展的新理论和新方法,是发展中国心理咨询理论与方法的有效途径。可以认为,生态观将成为21世纪心理咨询发展的大趋势之一。     

Allogeneic bone marrow stromal cells promote glial–axonal remodeling without immunologic sensitization after stroke in rats

We evaluated the effects of allogeneic bone marrow stromal cell treatment of stroke on functional outcome, glial–axonal architecture, and immune reaction. Female Wistar rats were subjected to 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion. Rats were injected intravenously with PBS, male allogeneic ACI – or syngeneic Wistar –bone marrow stromal cells at 24 h after ischemia and sacrificed at 28 days. Significant functional recovery was found in both cell-treated groups compared to stroke rats that did not receive BMSCs, but no difference was detected between allogeneic and syngeneic cell-treated rats. No evidence of T cell priming or humoral antibody production to marrow stromal cells was found in recipient rats after treatment with allogeneic cells. Similar numbers of Y-chromosome⁺ cells were detected in the female rat brains in both groups. Significantly increased thickness of individual axons and myelin, and areas of the corpus callosum and the numbers of white matter bundles in the striatum were detected in the ischemic boundary zone of cell-treated rats compared to stroked rats. The areas of the contralateral corpus callosum significantly increased after cell treatment compared to normal rats. Processes of astrocytes remodeled from hypertrophic star-like to tadpole-like shape and oriented parallel to the ischemic regions after cell treatment. Axonal projections emanating from individual parenchymal neurons exhibited an overall orientation parallel to elongated radial processes of reactive astrocytes of the cell-treated rats. Allogeneic and syngeneic bone marrow stromal cell treatment after stroke in rats improved neurological recovery and enhanced reactive oligodendrocyte and astrocyte related axonal remodeling with no indication of immunologic sensitization in adult rat brain.