HPLC法测定血浆中烟酸浓度的研究

目的:建立反相高效液相色谱测定大鼠血浆中烟酸浓度的方法。方法:血浆样品用甲醇提取,过滤后进样20 μl。色谱柱为Shim-pack VP-ODS柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm),流动相为甲醇-异丙醇-0.005 mol辛烷磺酸钠水溶液(7:2:91,v/v),流速1.0 ml/min,紫外检测波长261 nm,柱箱温度45℃。内标物为咖啡因。结果:本法最低检测浓度为0.02 μg/ml,线性范围为0.22-42.6 μg/ml,r=0.9996。日内精密度<4％,日间精密度<7％,烟酸的绝对回收率(％)为96.93±4.9。结论:本法快速、准确、灵敏,可用于烟酸的体内代谢动力学研究。     

中磺酸抑制人单核细胞系THP-1细胞ACAT-1表达

目的观察牛磺酸对人单核细胞系THP-1细胞酰基辅酶A、胆固醇酰基转移酶-1（ACAT-1）表达的影响，以期为牛磺酸用于临床治疗动脉粥样硬化提供实验依据。方法在有或无干扰素-γ（IFN—γ）的条件下，用不同浓度的牛磺酸与THP-1持续孵育不同的时间，RT-PCR检测ACAT—1mRNA水平，Western Blot检测其蛋白表达。结果牛磺酸显著下调THP-1的ACAT-1mRNA和蛋白表达水平（P〈0．05～0．0l，n=3），并呈时间和剂量依赖性效应。IFN-γ促进ACAT-1mRNA和蛋白表达（P〈0．05），该作用被牛磺酸部分抑制（P〈0．01）。结论牛磺酸抑制ACAT-1的基础表达和由IFN-γ诱导的表达，这可能是其抗动脉粥样硬化的机制之一。     

黄芪注射液辅助治疗充血性心力衰竭的疗效及对免疫调节影响的观察

目的:探讨黄芪注射液对充血性心力衰竭(CHF)患者的疗效及对免疫调节的影响。方法:对正常体检查者(体检组)和CHF组进行IgA、IgG、IgM、C3、IL-Ⅱ、E-RFC、T-LTT、抗心肌抗体的检查;然后将CHF组患者随机分为两组,治疗组在应用转换酶抑制剂、利尿剂和强心苷等常规治疗的基础上加用黄芪注射液60mL 10％葡萄糖注射液500mL静脉滴注,每日1次,连用2周,对照组仅给予常规治疗;2周后重复上述检查,进行体检组与CHF和治疗组与对照组的对比分析。结果:体检组与CHF组比较,IL-Ⅱ、E-RFC、T-LTT、C3和抗心肌抗体CHF组明显高于体检组(P<0.05);治疗2周后,两组比较心衰治疗的总有效率无明显差异(P>0.05),但显效率治疗组明显优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组IL-Ⅱ、E-RFC、T-LTT、C3和抗心肌抗体的改变明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:黄芪注射液对心衰的疗效很大程度上是通过对细胞免疫作用实现的,其辅助治疗可获满意的疗效。     

甲状腺良性肿块手术方法的探讨

目的:探讨甲状腺良性肿块的手术方法.方法:对62例术前拟诊良性病变的甲状腺肿块改良手术方法:不离断颈前肌;初期11例仅行甲状腺腺瘤摘除术,后期51例根据术中探查结果30例行甲状腺次全切除,21例行腺叶切除术.结果:无1例发生手术及住院期间死亡、大出血、甲状腺危象;初期手术2例复发.结论:对甲状腺良性肿块应选用甲状腺次全切除或腺叶切除,慎用瘤体摘除术或腺叶部分切除.     

某新建钢铁冶炼项目职业病危害控制效果评价与探讨

目的通过评价了解该项目职业病危害因素的防护及控制情况,为职业病控制提供依据。方法通过资料收集、现场调查、监测、统计分析、有关法规标准对照等手段,全面客观对该项目的职业病危害控制效果做出评价。结果该项目所存在的主要职业病危害有:高温、噪声、粉尘、铅烟、一氧化碳等。除炼铁厂炉前铅烟、一氧化碳个别点超标外,其他化学性职业病危害皆未超过接触限值;除个别岗位如破碎、制粒等噪声作业分级为Ⅰ级(轻度危害)以上外,大部分作业点噪声作业分级为0级(安全作业);炼铁厂炉前高温作业为Ⅵ级,其他热源岗位为Ⅰ级。该项目有较完善的职业病危害防护设施和职业卫生管理。结论本项目的职业病危害控制效果总体上有效,个别岗位仍有待改进。     

DPC4基因在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及其与微血管形成的关系

目的:研究DPC4(deleted in pancreatic carcinoma locus 4,DPC4)基因在非小细胞肺癌NSCLC中的表达及其与血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达和肿瘤内微血管密度(MVD)的关系。方法:利用免疫组织化学SP法检测52例NSCLC组织、19例相应的癌旁正常肺组织中DPC4、VEGF的表达和MVD值。结果:DPC4在肺癌原发灶中的阳性表达率为63.5%(33/52),与癌旁正常肺组织中的阳性表达率89.5%(17/19)相比,DPC4阳性表达水平显著降低,差别有显著性意义(P<0.05);DPC4与组织学类型、肿瘤细胞分化程度无关(P>0.05),但与淋巴结转移显著相关(P<0.05)。52例NSCLC中,DPC4的表达与VEGF、MVD值均呈负相关。结论:DPC4的低表达可能是肺癌发生过程的早期事件,并可通过直接或间接的作用促进肺癌血管生成,从而促进肺癌的淋巴结转移。     

子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫腺肌病对卵巢功能的影响

目的:探讨子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫腺肌病对卵巢功能的影响。方法:对27例子宫腺肌病患者采用聚乙烯醇微粒(PVA)进行子宫动脉栓塞治疗,在栓塞前、栓塞后3个月及6个月,评估所有病人的症状改善情况,并且采用经阴道彩色能量多普勒超声对子宫及病灶进行动态监测,监测子宫大小,子宫动脉和卵巢动脉血流动态改变,及基础性激素水平和基础体温情况。结果:子宫动脉栓塞术后3个月,子宫体积显著减小,平均缩小136.48(37.6%),子宫动脉的最大血流速度Vmax(cm/s)显著降低,由(27.27±6.03)cm/s降至(14.19±5.98)cm/s,P<0.05。子宫动脉阻力指数(RI)由0.54±0.03降至0.86±0.04,P<0.05;栓塞术前、后卵巢血流、卵泡刺激素(FSH)、雌二醇(E2)和月经周期无显著性差别。1例患者出现短暂卵巢功能急剧减退。结论:子宫动脉栓塞治疗子宫腺肌病是一种新颖、微创、安全、有效、并发症少且恢复快的治疗方法,可保留子宫的生育功能,对卵巢功能无明显损害,但应注意可能导致卵巢衰竭。     

超声引导心包穿刺置管引流治疗心包积液的研究

目的探讨一种安全、简便、可靠的心包穿刺并有效治疗心包积液的方法。方法对27例心包积液患者术前经二维超声心动图定位、定向并测定进针深度后,以Seldinger法进行心包穿刺置入中心静脉导管,连接无菌引流袋持续引流,必要时进行冲洗并注入相应药物,观察疗效、安全性及不良反应。结果27例病例均一次穿刺置管成功,导管留置时间2～31d,引流液量300～7600ml,心包积液引流彻底,心包压塞症状消失,心功改善,疗效显著,未出现严重并发症。结论术前经二维超声心动图定位、定向并测定进针深度后,以Seldinger法进行心包穿刺置入中心静脉导管对心包积液进行治疗安全、简便、可靠,疗效显著且无严重并发症,完全能替代以往的常规心包穿刺术。     

Biochemical study on the hypoglycemic effects of onion and garlic in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of onion (Allium cepa Linn) and garlic (Allium sativum Linn) juices on biochemical parameters, enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Alloxan was administered as a single dose (120 mg/kg BW) to induce diabetes. A dose of 1 ml of either onion or garlic juices/100 g body weight (equivalent to 0.4 g/100 g BW) was orally administered daily to alloxan-diabetic rats for four weeks. The levels of glucose, urea, creatinine and bilirubin were significantly (p<0.05) increased in plasma of alloxan-diabetic rats compared to the control group. Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and alkaline and acid phosphatases (AlP, AcP) activities were significantly (p<0.05) increased in plasma and testes of alloxan-diabetic rats, while these activities were decreased in liver compared with the control group. Brain LDH was significantly (p<0.05) increased. The concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and the activity of glutathione S-transferase in plasma, liver, testes, brain, and kidney were increased in alloxan-diabetic rats. Treatment of the diabetic rats with repeated doses of either garlic or onion juices could restore the changes of the above parameters to their normal levels. The present results showed that garlic and onion juices exerted antioxidant and antihyperglycemic effects and consequently may alleviate liver and renal damage caused by alloxan-induced diabetes.     

Reproductive performance, blood testosterone, lipid peroxidation and seminal plasma biochemistry of rabbits as affected by feeding Acacia saligna under subtropical conditions.

Thirty-two New Zealand White growing rabbits (eight-week old) were used to determine the effect of feeding acacia-based diets on semen characteristics, plasma testosterone, free radicals, seminal plasma enzymes and lipids. Rabbits were randomly assigned to four equal groups. The first group (control) was fed a basal diet only, and the other three groups were fed other three diets, as follows: 80% of basal diet+20% of acacia leaves (low), 60% of basal diet+40% of acacia leaves (medium) and 40% of basal diet+60% of acacia leaves (high), respectively for 32 week. Semen samples were collected throughout the last 12 week of the experimental period. Rabbits fed on different levels of Acacia showed no significant changes in libido (reaction time), ejaculate volume, sperm concentration, packed sperm volume and initial hydrogen ion concentration compared to control. However, low and/or medium levels of Acacia caused significant (P<0.05) increase in total sperm output (TSO), sperm motility (%), total motile sperm per ejaculate (TMS), normal sperm, total functional sperm fraction (TFSF), semen initial fructose, live sperm and plasma testosterone. On the other hand, high level of Acacia did not show any significant change in TSO, sperm motility (%), TMS, initial fructose, TFSF or testosterone, while live and normal sperm decreased. All levels of Acacia caused a significant decrease in the concentrations of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) and an increase in the activity of glutathione S-transferease. The activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aminotransferases and phosphatases were significantly increased in seminal plasma of animals fed low or medium levels of Acacia. Seminal plasma total lipid, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein and free fatty acids were significantly (P<0.05) decreased in low or medium levels of Acacia. On the other hand, total cholesterol, percentage cholesterol (out of total lipids) and high density lipoprotein were significantly (P<0.05) increased in seminal plasma of rabbits fed on low or medium levels of Acacia. High level of Acacia did not cause any changes in the previous parameters. It can be concluded that up to 40% Acacia leaves could be used successfully and safely in the diet of rabbits without adversely affecting their reproductive performance under subtropical conditions.