ADA活性紫外吸收测定法的改良及复感儿淋巴细胞该酶活性的检测

检测了42例健康儿童和17例反复上呼吸道感染患儿（复感儿）的血淋巴细胞腺苷脱氨酶（ADA）活性，结果表明：复感儿的血淋巴细胞中ADA活性较健康儿童低下，且大多同样伴有不同程度的免疫功能低下；从复感儿组中筛选了两侧ADA活性和免疫功能明显低下的患儿，拟采用这两例患儿的血淋巴细胞进行ADA－SCID基因治疗的实验研究。     

Xic1 degradation in Xenopus egg extracts is coupled to initiation of DNA replication

CDK2 activity is regulated by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation, subcellular localization, cyclin levels, and cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs). Using Xenopus egg extracts, we find that degradation of Xic1, a Xenopus p21(cip1)/p27(kip1) family member, is coupled to initiation of DNA replication. Xic1 turnover requires the formation of a prereplication complex (pre-RC). Additionally, downstream initiation factors including CDK2, Cdc7, and Cdc45, but not RPA or DNA polymerase alpha, are necessary for activating the degradation system. Xic1 degradation is attenuated following completion of DNA replication. Unlike degradation of p27(kip1) in mammalian cells, CDK2 activity is not directly involved in Xic1 degradation and interactions between Xic1 and CDK2/cyclin E are dispensable for Xic1 turnover. Interestingly, a C-terminal region (162-192) of Xic1 is essential and apparently sufficient for triggering Xic1 ubiquitination prior to degradation. These observations demonstrate that a direct link exists between DNA replication and CKI degradation.     

Chronic morphine treatment inhibits oxytocin release from the supraoptic nucleus slices of rats

Effect of chronic morphine treatment on oxytocin (OT) release from the long term-cultured organotypic slice of the supraoptic nucleus (SON) was investigated using radioimmunoassay. The co-localization of oxytocin and mu-opioid receptor in neurons within the SON was observed with the double-labeled methods of in situ hybridization combined with immunohistochemistry. After exposure to morphine for 6days, the OT levels in culture media were significantly decreased. Naloxone caused much greater release of OT in chronic morphine treatment group than in controls. Naloxone has no effect after acute morphine treatment. 90% of OT-ir (immunoreactive) neurons expressed mu-opioid receptor mRNA in the SON and 45% of the neurons that expressed mu-opioid receptor mRNAs were OT-ir neurons. These results indicated that the neurons within SON could develop dependence on morphine in vitro, and these effects might be exerted via mu-opioid receptor in oxytocin neurons of the SON.     

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling is required for cardiac valve formation in zebrafish.

Vascular endothelial growth factor-receptors (VEGF-Rs) are pivotal regulators of vascular development, but a specific role for these receptors in the formation of heart valves has not been identified. We took advantage of small molecule inhibitors of VEGF-R signaling and showed that blocking VEGF-R signaling with receptor selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors, PTK 787 and AAC 787, from 17-21 hr post-fertilization (hpf) in zebrafish embryos resulted in a functional and structural defect in cardiac valve development. Regurgitation of blood between the two chambers of the heart, as well as a loss of cell-restricted expression of the valve differentiation markers notch 1b and bone morphogenetic protein-4 (bmp-4), was readily apparent in treated embryos. In addition, microangiography revealed a loss of a definitive atrioventricular constriction in treated embryos. Taken together, these data demonstrate a novel function for VEGF-Rs in the endocardial endothelium of the developing cardiac valve.     

Evaluation of encephalic ventricular volume from the magnetic resonance imaging scans of thirty-eight human subjects

Summary Accurate volume determination of the encephalic ventricles is of importance in several clinical conditions, including Alzheimer's presenile dementia, schizophrenia, and benign intracranial hypertension. Previous studies have investigated the accuracy with which magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used in clinical practice to evaluate the encephalic ventricles. However, adequate evaluation of pathological conditions depends on a sufficient amount of morphometric data from normal subjects. To begin establishing this data base for normal subjects, we evaluated the MRI scans of 38 subjects found to have no apparent pathology and calculated the ventricular volume in each case by using methods previously developed in our laboratory. The results were then compared with published volumes determined from studies that used either ventricular casts or computerized tomographic scans. The average total ventricular volume for all 38 subjects was 17.4 cm³, while that for males was 16.3 cm³ and that for females was 18.0 cm³. A small but significant correlation was found between age of subject and ventricular volume, with ventricular size increasing with age.

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Evaluation du volume des ventricules cérébraux à partir des images obtenues en résonance magnétique nucléaire chez 38 sujets humains

Résumé La détermination exacte du volume des ventricules cérébraux est importante en clinique comme par exemple dans la démence présénile d'Alzheimer, la schizophrénie et l'hypertension intracrânienne bénigne. Des études antérieures ont étudié la fiabilité de la résonance magnétique nucléaire en pratique clinique pour évaluer le volume des ventricules cérébraux. Toutefois une évaluation correcte dans les conditions pathologiques implique une bonne connaissance des données morphométriques du sujet normal. Pour établir ces données sur « le sujet normal », nous avons étudié les coupes obtenues en IRM chez 38 sujets apparemment indemnes de toute pathologie; nous avons calculé le volume ventriculaire dans chaque cas en utilisant des méthodes mises au point auparavant dans notre laboratoire. Les résultats ont été ensuite comparés avec ceux obtenus par d'autres études utilisant soit des moules ventriculaires, soit des coupes tomographiques computérisées. Le volume ventriculaire total moyen chez 38 sujets est de 17,4 cm³, mais il est chez les sujets masculins de 16,3 cm³ et chez les sujets de sexe féminin de 18 cm³. Une corrélation faible mais significative a été trouvée entre l'âge du sujet et le volume ventriculaire, étant entendu que la taille du ventricule augmente avec l'âge.

     

Arthrobacter scleromae sp. nov. isolated from human clinical specimens

A gram-positive, coryneform bacterium was isolated from swollen scleromata of a dermatosis patient. An analysis of its phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and genotypic characteristics showed that this bacterium is closely associated with Arthrobacter oxydans and Arthrobacter polychromogenes but that it belongs to a distinct species, for which the name Arthrobacter scleromae sp. nov. is proposed.     

髋臼CT图像轮廓跟踪方法

目的为重建和测量髋臼的解剖结构,需要大量地读取CT图像的信息,以获得髋臼轮廓的坐标值。方法本研究采用直方图阈值图像分割、kirsh边缘提取法获得髋臼的二值化轮廓图像。轮廓坐标的提取应用了“迷宫”边缘跟踪算法。结果本方法可大量、快捷、正确的提取图像轮廓信息。     

Cell cycle dependent intracellular distribution of two spliced isoforms of TCP/ILF3 proteins

TCP80 is an approximately 80kDa mammalian cytoplasmic protein that binds to a set of mRNAs and inhibits their translation in vitro and ex vivo. This protein has high sequence similarity to interleukin-2 enhancer-binding factors (NF90/ILF3) and the M-phase phosphoprotein (MPP4)/DRBP76. A 110kDa immunologic isoform of TCP80/NF90/MPP4/DRBP76, termed TCP110, also is present in cytoplasm and nuclei of many types of cells. A cDNA sequence coding for TCP110 was derived by 5(')RACE. The TCP110 sequence is identical to ILF3. The gene coding for TCP110/ILF3 mapped to human chromosome 19 and the gene organization was analyzed using TCP80 and TCP110/ILF3 cDNA sequences. The TCP/ILF3 gene spans >34.8kb and contains 21 exons. At least one alternatively spliced product involving exons 19-21 exists and predicts the formation of either TCP80 or TCP110/ILF3. However, the functional relationships of TCP80 and TCP110/ILF3 required elucidation. The metabolic turnover rates and subcellular distribution of TCP80 and TCP110/ILF3 during the cell cycle showed TCP80 to be relatively stable (t(1/2)=5 days) in the cytoplasmic compartment. In comparison, TCP110/ILF3 migrated between the cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments during the cell cycle. The TCP110 C-terminal segment contains an additional nuclear localizing signal that plays a role in its nuclear translocation. This study indicates that the multiple cellular functions, i.e., translation control, interleukin-2 enhancer binding, or cell division, of TCP/ILF3 are fulfilled by alternatively spliced isoforms.     

基质金属蛋白酶1与冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂的关系

目的 探讨冠状动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂与基质金属蛋白酶１（ＭＭＰ－１）的关系,以及不稳定斑块中ＭＭＰ－１的来源。方法 收集２０例死于急性心肌梗死、１０例有不稳定心绞痛史,以及１２例有稳定心绞痛史的尸体解剖病例共４２例,从冠状动脉各分支取材,常规病理检查、部分节段行ＭＭＰ－１、平滑肌肌动蛋白、ＣＤ６８、ＣＤ４５ＲＯ和ＣＤ２０洒色。结果 在急性心肌梗死及不稳定心绞痛病例中,均见有斑块破裂伴血栓形成,而在稳