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61.
Abstract: Background: Identification of risk drinking in expectant fathers may be helpful as an important part of efforts to minimize maternal alcohol use, and as an opportunity to inform them about a problematic practice during a critical developmental stage for the couple. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the T‐ACE screening questionnaire, which asks about t olerance to alcohol, being a nnoyed by other's comments about drinking, attempts to c ut down, and having a drink first thing in the morning (“ e ye‐opener”), in the male partners of pregnant women who themselves were T‐ACE positive. Methods: Two hundred fifty‐four male partners were asked to complete the T‐ACE embedded in a health survey, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and other questions about their alcohol use in the past 30 days when their pregnant partners had a median gestation of 11.5 weeks (T1). After delivery, male partners again completed the T‐ACE and quantity‐frequency questions (T2). The predictive ability of the T‐ACE and AUDIT was compared, using risk drinking (>4 drinks/day or >14 drinks/week) as the criterion standard. Results: A substantial minority of male partners had risk drinking, 31 percent at T1 and 25 percent at T2. Although the AUDIT was better than the T‐ACE as an independent predictor of risk drinking, the latter was most accurate when the tolerance threshold exceeded 2 drinks, the same established for pregnant women. The sensitivity (T1 = 84.6%, T2 = 82.8%) and specificity (T1 = 43.8%, T2 = 51.1%) of the T‐ACE at this threshold compared favorably with those of the AUDIT at the standard cut point of 8. Conclusions: The T‐ACE may be a practical way for clinicians to identify risk drinking in both pregnant women and expectant fathers. (BIRTH 33:2 June 2006) 相似文献
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64.
发育期大鼠高热惊厥前后海马γ-氨基丁酸B受体亚基表达的变化 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8
目的:研究高热惊厥(febrile seizures,FS)对发育期大鼠脑内γ-氨基丁酸(γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA)B受体亚基GABABR1与GABARR2蛋白表达的影响。方法:采用热水浴诱导大鼠高热惊厥模型。隔日诱导惊厥1次,共诱导10次,末次惊厥后24h处死大鼠。发育期大鼠随机分为3组:对照组(n=24),1次高热处理组(n=28),10次高热处理组(n=40)。高热处理组根据是否出现惊厥再分为1次高热惊厥组(FS1,n=16)与1次高热未惊厥组(F1,n=12),10次高热惊厥组(FS10,n=15)与10次高热未惊厥组(F10,n=13)。采用免疫组化方法观察不同次数高热惊厥大鼠脑内GABABR1与GABABR2蛋白表达的变化。结果:FS10大鼠海马齿状回、CAl-CA3区GABABRl和GABABR2蛋白表达明显低于F10、F1、FSl和对照组;F10大鼠上述脑区GABABRl和GABABR2蛋白表达低于F1、FS1和对照组;F1及FS1大鼠与对照组相比差异无显著性;海马各区GABABR1与GABABR2表达的改变大部分平行,但10次高热惊厥后GABABR2在CA1—CA3区下降更明显,而GABABR1在齿状回下降更明显。结论:反复高热惊厥及反复高热均可使发育期大鼠脑内GABABR亚基蛋白表达降低,高热惊厥的影响较单纯高热更为明显,提示GABABR亚单位与发育期大鼠高热惊厥及其脑损伤密切相关。GABABR1与GABABR2改变的不平行可能与受体亚单位组合的可塑性改变有关,这种改变可能导致抑制功能的改变。 相似文献
65.
便携式多普勒血管探测仪在皮瓣移植中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的 :研究皮瓣移植前简单、可靠的血管探测的方法。方法 :在皮瓣移植前 ,以 HADECO ES-1 0 0 0 SPM多普勒血管探测仪对皮瓣血管蒂及皮动脉进行探测 ,与术中皮动脉探查结果进行比较 ,考察术前血管探测的准确性和意义。结果 :皮瓣血管蒂及皮动脉术前探测与术中探查结果完全一致。结论 :便携式血管多普勒仪是皮瓣移植前 ,简单、可靠的血管探测的仪器 ,根据探测结果进行皮瓣设计 ,有效地降低了手术失败的风险 相似文献
66.
Hyung Jee Kim Gilho Lee Dong Hee Kim Suk Jae Lee Duck Ki Yoon Jae Heung Cho 《Urologia internationalis》2002,68(1):44-48
INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study is to investigate in vitro the effects of serotonin on the rat detrusor. In particular, it examines which drugs inhibit the serotonin-induced detrusor contractions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Isometric tension changes of isolated rat bladder muscle strips were recorded in an organ bath using a force transducer. Acute effects of serotonin (0.0001-0.01 mM) on resting tension were assessed. Electrical field stimulation (EFS); bethanechol (0.0001-0.01 mM); ATP (1-3 mM)- or KCl (63.5-254 mM)-induced contractions using an application in an organ bath were compared with serotonin-induced contractions. In order to examine the action mechanism of serotonin-induced stimulation, EFS-, bethanechol-, ATP- or KCl-induced contraction on serotonin treatment (0.001 mM) was assessed and serotonin (0.001-0.1 mM) was cumulatively added to the organ bath following preincubation with propranolol, ketanserin, tropisetron, propiverine, sodium nitroprusside or doxazosin. RESULTS: The serotonin-induced response has two phases: an initial transient contraction and a prolonged tonic phase. Serotonin produced a reversible and dose-dependent contraction of the detrusor strips. Responses to bethanechol significantly increased with a concentration of 0.001 mM serotonin (p < 0.05). There was no effect on the responses to ATP, KCl, or EFS on 0.001 mM serotonin. The 5-HT(2) receptor is mainly responsible for serotonin-induced contractions of the detrusor (p < 0.05), while the 5-HT(1) receptor is partially responsible. Doxazosin and propiverine each significantly suppressed the response to serotonin, while sodium nitroprusside and tropisetron each had no effect (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Because the 5-HT(2) antagonist blocked the effect of serotonin-induced bladder contractions and the stimulation of the adrenoreceptors, the 5-HT(2) antagonist seems to improve lower urinary tract symptoms. 相似文献
67.
nm23-H1基因转染对人胆管癌细胞系QBC939体外浸润能力的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的:探讨nm23-H1基因转染对人胆管癌细胞系QBC939体外浸润能力的影响。方法:将含有全长nm23-H1 cDNA的真核表达载体通过脂腩体法转染人胆管癌细胞系。结果:转染成功的QBC939细胞,其nm23-Hl基因的mRNA、蛋白表达明显增加,转染nm23-H1基因的胆管癌细胞体外浸润能力下降,穿越matrigel的细胞数明显低于亲本QBC939细胞,代表浸润能力的IV型胶原酶(MMP-9)分泌量下降。结论:nm23-Hl基因可以抑制胆管癌细胞的体外浸润能力。 相似文献
68.
86对母婴血清标本用间接酶联免疫测定法(ELISA)测定了乙型脑炎抗体,118对用血凝抑制(血抑)试验测定了麻疹抗体。结果发现,脐血乙型脑炎抗体阳性率为79.1%,母血为74.4%,几何平均滴度在脐血显著高于母血(t=5.1857,P<0.01),比值为1.2∶1。脐血和母血的麻疹血抑抗体阳性率分别为86.4%及84.8%,几何均值也是前者高于后者(t=4.0349,P<0.01),比值为1.3∶1。 108份婴儿血清标本测定结果显示,0~3个月婴儿乙型脑炎抗体阳性率为35%,4~9个月仅为13%,10个月及以上的婴儿全部阴性。此结果与近年上海市小于1岁组乙型脑炎发病率最高相一致,提示应考虑提早乙型脑炎疫苗的接种年龄。 相似文献
69.
111例双黄连过敏反应文献分析 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
目的:分析临床应用双黄连引致的过敏反应的规律。方法:对2000年1月-2004年3月中国期刊网中收录的111例双黄连过敏反应在性别、年龄、发生时间、给药途径和临床表现进行分析。结果:双黄连过敏与年龄、性别无关,与给药途径有关,注射剂易发生过敏反应。该药过敏的临床表现有:过敏性休克67例(60%),皮肤黏膜症状61例(55%),其他类型过敏反应14例(13%)31例同时出现多种过敏症状。过敏发生时间最短为开始用药1m in以内,最长为用药后72h,97例(87%)在用药过程中发生过敏症状。结论:双黄连的过敏反应以速发型过敏反应(如过敏性休克)为主,应是临床关注的重点。 相似文献
70.
J P Kappelhof G F Vrensen P T de Jong J Pameyer B Willekens 《American journal of ophthalmology》1986,101(1):58-69
In two pseudophakic human eyes, obtained post mortem, Elschnig's pearls were visible biomicroscopically. One eye contained a medallion lens and the other an iridocapsular lens (implanted for 53 months and 39 months, respectively). The medallion lens was fixed to the iris but was not attached to the Soemmerring's ring. Elschnig's pearls and star-shaped cells were found on the posterior capsule in the pupillary space. One loop of the iridocapsular lens was encased in the Soemmerring's ring whereas the other was located between the iris and the lens remnants. The Elschnig's pearls were on the anterior side of the ring; only a few were in the pupillary space. Two other pseudophakic eyes with clear posterior capsules also contained small numbers of Elschnig's pearls on or just near the peripheral lens remnants. 相似文献