肝衰竭临床数据库的建立及其应用价值

目的建立肝衰竭医学研究数据管理与分析系统,用以分析患者的临床资料,并探讨该系统的应用价值。方法利用数据库对符合肝衰竭诊治指南的临床病例资料1997例进行分析处理。结果数据平台可以实现任意条件查询,获取相应患者资料信息并创建报表;进行全面数据分析,包括病情观察图形化显示、在线数据分析、建立在线辅助诊断、生物信息分析等。结论初步形成了肝衰竭患者数据信息平台,实现个体资料、临床资料、相关医学研究数据的信息融合,为肝衰竭的诊治和科研顺利开展提供信息保障。     

头孢布烯与头孢呋辛随机对照治疗急性细菌性感染临床评价

目的进一步评价头孢布烯治疗细菌性感染的安全有效性。方法采用随机对照开放试验方法。头孢布烯组２００ｍｇ，口服；头孢呋辛组７５０ｍｇ，静脉点滴；均为每１２小时一次。疗程７～１４天。结果头孢布烯组及头孢呋辛组分别有６６例及６７例可评价疗效，两组有效率分别为８７．９％及８９．６％。本次观察共分离致病菌１１０株，细菌清除率分别为９０７％及８９３％。两组安全性评价分别为６６例及７０例，不良反应发生率分别为１０．６％与１０．０％。两组经统计学处理差异无显著性（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论采用头孢布烯治疗急性细菌性感染安全、有效     

紫外线减毒日本血吸虫尾蚴免疫小鼠的皮肤组织细胞反应

目的 :探讨紫外线减毒血吸虫尾蚴免疫宿主的皮肤组织在抗攻击感染中的作用。方法 :88只小鼠分为 4组 ,1、2组分别以 50± 3条紫外线减毒日本血吸虫尾蚴免疫或日本血吸虫尾蚴感染 ,5wk后以 10 0 0± 10 0条尾蚴进行攻击感染 ;3、4组分别以减毒尾蚴或尾蚴 10 0 0± 10 0条免疫或初次感染。各组均于感染或接种后 6- 12 0 h定时取局部皮肤组织作病理观察。结果 :( 1)免疫攻击组皮肤组织内炎症细胞杀伤童虫现象最明显、炎症反应最强且持续时间最长 ,嗜酸性粒细胞( EOS)浸润百分数最高 ;( 2 )感染攻击组呈现相似炎症反应但程度略轻 ;( 3)免疫对照组减毒童虫在皮肤内滞留时间延长 ,至 12 0 h皮下仍可见较多童虫 ;( 4 )感染对照组皮肤内的童虫数于 72 h后明显减少 ,童虫周围轻微炎症反应。电镜观察可见免疫攻击组童虫内部结构破坏 ,虫体周围 EOS、淋巴细胞增多 ,肥大细胞颗粒溶解。结论 :提示皮肤组织的细胞免疫反应在血吸虫减毒尾蚴免疫的宿主抗攻击感染保护性免疫中起重要作用。     

紫外线减毒日本血吸虫尾蚴免疫小鼠的细胞免疫应答和细胞因子的动态变化

目的 :检测细胞免疫在血吸虫疫苗保护性免疫中的作用。方法 :用紫外线减毒日本血吸虫尾蚴 300±5条免疫小鼠及日本血吸虫尾蚴 25±3条感染小鼠。于第 2wk、4wk、8wk和 12wk分别用血吸虫成虫抗原(SWAP)、虫卵抗原 (SEA)及丝裂原(ConA或LPS)体外刺激脾细胞和腹腔巨噬细胞(Mφ),观察脾淋巴细胞的增殖反应及 Mφ产生 IL- 1和脾细胞产生 IL- 2的活性的动态变化。结果 :两组鼠的脾细胞于免疫或感染后2wk- 8wk经 SWAP或 SEA刺激 T淋巴细胞增殖反应显著增强,第12wk呈现明显抑制;免疫组的Mφ和脾细胞经SWAP或SEA 刺激于接种后第4wk IL-1 和IL-2 活性均显著增高, 感染组的Mφ和脾细胞经SWAP 刺激IL-1 于第8wk-12wk活性增高、IL-2 于第12wk 活性增高。结论: 提示减毒尾蚴免疫接种能较早地激活T 细胞增殖和细胞因子产生, 在血吸虫保护性免疫中起重要作用。     

以准分子激光加工表面角膜镜片时所用的模座设计

目的:设计用准分子激光对表面角膜镜片进行加工时所用的模座。方法:通过理论分析建立了所设计的模座的曲率半径和待加工角膜镜片屈光度之间关系的方程式。根据计算结果试制成模座。结果:采用动物角膜进行了试验性加工,所设计的模座可加工出具有预期屈光度的角膜镜片。结论:设计的12D模座能加工出适宜于角膜表面镜片术应用的且有合适屈光度的角膜镜片。眼科学报 1995;11:180—182。     

Probability method for Cerenkov luminescence tomography based on conformance error minimization

Cerenkov luminescence tomography (CLT) was developed to reconstruct a three-dimensional (3D) distribution of radioactive probes inside a living animal. Reconstruction methods are generally performed within a unique framework by searching for the optimum solution. However, the ill-posed aspect of the inverse problem usually results in the reconstruction being non-robust. In addition, the reconstructed result may not match reality since the difference between the highest and lowest uptakes of the resulting radiotracers may be considerably large, therefore the biological significance is lost. In this paper, based on the minimization of a conformance error, a probability method is proposed that consists of qualitative and quantitative modules. The proposed method first pinpoints the organ that contains the light source. Next, we developed a 0-1 linear optimization subject to a space constraint to model the CLT inverse problem, which was transformed into a forward problem by employing a region growing method to solve the optimization. After running through all of the elements used to grow the sources, a source sequence was obtained. Finally, the probability of each discrete node being the light source inside the organ was reconstructed. One numerical study and two in vivo experiments were conducted to verify the performance of the proposed algorithm, and comparisons were carried out using the hp-finite element method (hp-FEM). The results suggested that our proposed probability method was more robust and reasonable than hp-FEM.OCIS codes: (100.3190) Inverse problems, (110.6960) Tomography, (170.3010) Image reconstruction techniques, (170.3660) Light propagation in tissues, (170.3880) Medical and biological imaging, (170.6280) Spectroscopy, fluorescence and luminescence     

甲状腺机能亢进心脏病68例临床表现与疗效分析

对30年来收治的68例甲亢心脏病进行了分析。本病的临床表现具有多样性,其概念应进一步扩大。EF与△D％对本病心功能的判定应结合临床。对甲状腺功能的观察T_3与BMR优于T_4;抗甲状腺药物对心衰的有效率为93.11％,心律失常为83.1％:对心绞痛效果亦好。放射性碘治疗17例,除5例失访外,全部治愈。抗甲状腺药物不能转复的房颤、房扑,胺碘酮有确切的效果,但须合理用药,以防高碘诱发甲亢。     

自身免疫性肺泡蛋白沉积症治疗进展

自身免疫性肺泡蛋白沉积症是一种发病率低、临床表现多样的疾病,全肺灌洗是目前治疗的标准方法,但并不是所有的患者治疗有效.本文将对最近出现的针对其发病机制的治疗方法进行综述.     

Detection of circulating antibodies to linear peptide antigens derived from ANXA1 and DDX53 in lung cancer

The EarlyCDT®-Lung test was the first autoantibody-based diagnostic tool for lung cancer, which was developed with a panel of recombinant protein antigens. To confirm whether the antibody test developed with linear peptide antigens has a similar power to that developed with the whole protein molecules, the present work was then undertaken to develop an in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with linear peptide antigens derived from annexin A1 (ANXA1) and DEAD box protein 53 (DDX53), which have been used to develop the EarlyCDT®-Lung test. A total of 272 patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 227 control subjects matched in age and smoking history were recruited. Student’s t test showed that the levels of circulating IgG to ANXA1-derived peptide antigens were significantly higher in patients with NSCLC than control subjects (t?=?5.66, P?<?0.0001), in which the increased anti-ANXA1 IgG levels were observed only in patients at stages I, II, or III, but not in those at stage IV. However, the levels of circulating IgG to DDX53-derived peptide antigens were not significantly altered in NSCLC (t?=?1.78, P?=?0.076). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that the sensitivity against specificity of >90 % was 23.7 % for ANXA1 IgG assay and 13.8 % for DDX53 IgG assay. This work suggests that the linear peptide antigen derived from ANXA1 may be suitable for the development of diagnostic tool for lung cancer although further screening is needed to identify more such peptide antigens derived from tumor-associated antigens.     

缺氧缺血性脑病患儿血常规结果分析及其临床意义

目的探讨27项血常规参数在新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（HIE）中的变化及其意义。方法利用全自动血细胞分析仪对29例HIE患儿和30例健康新生儿进行白细胞、红细胞及血小板等参数检测,分析其结果和临床意义。结果H1E组与对照组比较,（1）白细胞参数：淋巴细胞比率、单核细胞比率、中性粒细胞比率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,而白细胞计数、嗜酸性粒细胞比率、嗜碱性粒细胞比率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;（2）红细胞参数：血细胞比容、红细胞平均体积、平均血红蛋白浓度（MCHC）、红细胞分布宽度CV、红细胞分布宽度SD、网织红细胞计数、网织红细胞百分比、未成熟网织红细胞、低荧光网织红细胞比率、高荧光网织红细胞比率、有核红细胞计数、有核红细胞百分比等12项红细胞参数差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,而红细胞计数、血红蛋白、平均血红蛋白含量、中荧光强度网织红细胞比率等参数差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;（3）血小板参数：血小板计数、血小’板：压积差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）,而平均血小板体积、血小板分布宽度及大型血小板比率等参数差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论利用全自动血细胞分析仪对HIE患儿外周血进行常规筛查和动态监测,计数快速、准确,能很好地满足临床应用,协助临床诊断HIE。