Up-regulation of c-myc gene expression following focal ischemia in the rat brain

Abstract

Changes in gene expression including that ofc-fos occur following cerebral ischemia. Proto-oncogenes c- myc and s-myc and oncosuppressor gene p53 are known to induce apoptosis in some types of cells, whereas proto-oncogene bcl-2 inhibits apoptosis. Possible induction of mRNAs for c-myc, N-myc, s-myc, c-fos, p53 and bcl-2 was examined following focal ischemia in the rat anterior cortex, hippocampus, thalamus and cerebellum by Northern blot analysis. Animals were decapitated 1, 2, 6, 12, and 24 hours following the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion. In sham-operated control rats, the mRNAs for c- myc, N-myc, c-fos and p53 were present in the anterior cortex, hippocampus; thalamus on both sides, and in the cerebellum, whereas those for s-myc and bcl-2 were not The c-myc gene expression was rapidly and markedly induced by the MCA occlusion in the ipsilateral anterior cortex, hippocampus and thalamus in a time-dependent manner. In these regions, the c-fos gene expression was also induced as early as 1 hour after the MCA occlusion. The p-53 mRNA was induced in the ipsilateral hippocampus at 24 hours after MCA occlusion. In contrast, mRNAs for N-myc, s-myc and bcl-2 were not induced following MCA occlusion. These results indicate a possibility that high-level expression of the c-myc gene may be involved in the ischemic cellular events including apoptosis. [Neurol Res 1996; 18: 559-563]     

Valosin‐containing protein immunoreactivity in tauopathies,synucleinopathies, polyglutamine diseases and intranuclear inclusion body disease

Valosin‐containing protein (VCP) is associated with multiple cellular functions, including ubiquitin‐dependent protein degradation. Mutations in VCP are known to cause inclusion body myopathy with Paget's disease and frontotemporal dementia and familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (fALS; ALS14), both of which are characterized by trans‐activation response DNA protein 43 (TDP‐43)‐positive neuronal cytoplasmic and nuclear inclusions. Recently, immunoreactivity for fALS‐associated proteins (TDP‐43, fused in sarcoma (FUS), optineurin and ubiquilin‐2) were reported to be present in cytoplasmic and nuclear inclusions in various neurodegenerative diseases. However, the extent and frequency of VCP‐immunoreactive structures in these neurodegenerative diseases are uncertain. We immunohistochemically examined the brains of 72 cases with neurodegenerative diseases and five control cases. VCP immunoreactivity was present in Lewy bodies in Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies, and neuronal nuclear inclusions in five polyglutamine diseases and intranuclear inclusion body disease, as well as in Marinesco bodies in aged control subjects. However, other neuronal and glial cytoplasmic inclusions in tauopathies and TDP‐43 proteinopathies were unstained. These findings suggest that VCP may have common mechanisms in the formation or degradation of cytoplasmic and nuclear inclusions of neurons, but not of glial cells, in several neurodegenerative conditions.     

Genetic Analysis of UGT1A1 Polymorphisms Using Preserved Dried Umbilical Cord for Assessing the Potential of Neonatal Jaundice as a Risk Factor for Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders - Neonatal jaundice has been suggested as a perinatal risk factor for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We examined UGT1A1 polymorphisms to assess the...     

PET/CT imaging of renal intravascular large B-cell lymphoma

Clinical and Experimental Nephrology -     

New-onset and relapse of nephrotic syndrome following COVID-19 vaccination: a questionnaire survey in Japan

Clinical and Experimental Nephrology - Recent clinical reports indicate a correlation between new-onset and relapse of nephrotic syndrome (NS) following coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in...