非综合征性唇腭裂候选基因和位点研究进展

先天性唇腭裂是一种常见的出生缺陷,其病因复杂,目前认为是遗传因素和环境因素共同作用的结果。最常见的是非综合征型唇腭裂（NSCL/P）,其发病机制尚无定论。近来,研究人员采用流行病学分析、详细分型、全基因组关联研究和动物模型的分析相结合,一些新的候选基因和位点已经确定与NSCL/P有关。这些发现推进了发育生物的理解,也为临床转化研究创造了新的机遇。     

Evaluation and validation of the Core Lower Urinary Tract Symptom Score as an outcome assessment tool for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: Effects of the α1‐adrenoreceptor antagonist silodosin

We investigated the Core Lower Urinary Tract Symptom Score as an outcome assessment tool for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms using silodosin. In addition, the ability of the Core Lower Urinary Tract Symptom Score to detect overactive bladder in male patients with lower urinary tract symptoms was examined. The present study included 241 males with benign prostatic hyperplasia treated at 31 medical facilities between June 2009 and December 2010. All patients were given silodosin, and the effects of silodosin intake were measured using four questionnaires: the Core Lower Urinary Tract Symptom Score, International Prostate Symptom Score, Overactive Bladder Symptom Score and Quality‐of‐Life index. The efficacy of silodosin for treating lower urinary tract symptoms was validated according to the total scores of all four questionnaires weighted equally (P < 0.05). Spearman's ρ among the Core Lower Urinary Tract Symptom Score, International Prostate Symptom Score and Overactive Bladder Symptom Score showed a mild‐high correlation. However, the correlation between the baseline values of the Core Lower Urinary Tract Symptom Score and Quality‐of‐Life index was low in the groups with benign prostatic hyperplasia (ρ = 0.314) and benign prostatic hyperplasia/overactive bladder (ρ = 0.244). Our findings showed the Core Lower Urinary Tract Symptom Score, both its total score and each subscore, is able to show the efficacy of silodosin, similar to other questionnaires. The Core Lower Urinary Tract Symptom Score is also useful for identifying overactive bladder symptoms in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. As the Core Lower Urinary Tract Symptom Score does not correlate well with the Quality‐of‐Life index, these two questionnaires might be better used in combination to assess treatment outcomes.     

体脂量是绝经后女性股骨近端骨强度的决定因素

正Lower body weight or body mass index(BMI)has been known to be higher risk of developing osteoporosis and low-energy fractures via mechanical loading and other factors in both men and women[1].Recently,there have been new insights into the relationships between body composition and bone health.However,most of the previous studies regarding the relative effect of body composition on bone mass yielded inconsistent     

关于现代病原生物学教学改革的探讨

病原生物学是必不可少的医学基础学科。为适应现代医学发展趋式,病原生物学的教学改革势在必行。本文结合本院实际,通过对病原生物学教学中所存在问题的分析,论述近年来所采取的相应教学改革措施及其所取得的成果。     

小鼠胚胎干细胞植入大鼠脑内分化的研究(英文)

目的观察小鼠胚胎干(ES)细胞植人大鼠隔区和海马内后的分化情况,并对其作研究和分析。方法成年SD大鼠35只,体质量200～250g,雌雄不限。以SD大鼠为宿主,将ES细胞移植入宿主隔区和海马内,移植后l,2,3,4和8周后取脑,冷冻切片,进行Nissl,M6,NSE,GFAP免疫组织化学染色。结果ES细胞移植入大鼠隔区和海马内后,从第2周开始表达M6、GFAP、NSE等抗原,持续至第4周,主要位于移植区内,较少迁移。结论小鼠ES细胞移植入大鼠隔区和海马内后,分化为神经元,神经胶质细胞。     

124例青年人大肠癌临床特征

目的：讨青年人大肠癌的临床特征。方法：总结分析复旦大学附属中山医院青年人大肠癌124例患者临床特点、病理特征和生存率。结果：124例青年人大肠癌，平均病程5．5个月，误诊97例，占78．2％，误诊以肠炎、痔疮、痢疾多见。Dukes分期C、D期共95例，占76．6％。病理类型以低分化腺癌、未分化癌、黏液腺癌、印戒细胞癌多见，共71例，占57．3％。124例中81例行根治性手术，根治组5年随访生存率28．4％。结论：青年人大肠癌误诊率高，恶性程度高，预后差。如何早诊和早治是提高生存率的关键。     

经膀胱^125Ⅰ粒子植入联合雄激素阻断治疗中晚期前列腺癌

目的 观察经膀胱径路前列腺内植入^125Ⅰ粒子联合全雄激素阻断治疗中晚期前列腺癌的临床疗效。方法 对21例C期及D期的前列腺癌患者，经膀胱前列腺内植入^125Ⅰ粒子，同时行膀胱造瘘、双侧睾丸切除，并口服氟他胺等治疗。结果随访6～38个月（平均18．6个月），除一例死亡外，其余20例全部存活，术后6月，PSA0．1～2．4ng／ml，平均1．4ng／ml，前列腺体积平均缩小24．7％。术后9个月时，C期前列腺癌PSA正常，2例D期PSA复又升高。术后12个月，除3例D期患者PSA明显升高外，其余C期患者PSA〈4ng／ml。术后无直肠溃疡、穿孔等并发症，术后21例中有7例拔除造瘘管，自行排尿。结论放射性^125I粒子植入联合全雄激素阻断治疗可发挥两者优势，并发症少，是治疗C期前列癌的有效方法之一。