SARS-CoV-2抗体用于COVID-19诊断的Meta分析

目的 采用Meta分析探讨严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)抗体对新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)的诊断价值.方法 检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方和维普数据库,收集相关文献.计算合并敏感性、合并特异性、诊断比值比(DOR),分析文献的异质性,采用综...     

女性生殖器插入障碍诊疗效果观察

目的探索女性生殖器插入障碍的治疗方法,提高婚姻生活质量。方法对因女性生殖器插入障碍前来长沙市妇幼保健院就诊的患者进行治疗,尝试对阴道插入障碍患者进行分级评估,观察治疗效果,总结治疗经验。结果接受治疗的38例患者中,有21例治疗成功,12例有效,3例失访,2例放弃治疗。结论女性生殖器插入障碍的流行病学调查和诊治规范亟待关注,治疗需要性教育、性治疗和心理治疗的有机结合。开展全面性教育,需要全社会共同努力。     

Altered amygdala resting-state functional connectivity following acupuncture stimulation at BaiHui (GV20) in first-episode drug-Naïve major depressive disorder

Amygdala is an important locus of dysfunction implicated in major depressive disorder(MDD). Aberrant amygdala networks(AN) had been reported in resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) study. The safety and efficacy of acupuncture treatment for MDD have been verified in previous clinical studies. This study is aimed to investigate whether acupuncture at GV20 could modulate the abnormal AN of patients with the first-episode, drug-naïve MDD by using rs-fMRI combined with functional connectivity (FC) method. Thirty MDD patient underwent 6-min rs-fMRI scans respectively before and after 20-min electro-acupuncture stimulate(EAS) at GV20. Twenty-nine healthy subjects underwent only a 6-min rs-fMRI scan. Based on the amygdala as the seed region, FC method was adopted to examine abnormal AN in patients by comparing with healthy subjects and to evaluate the influence of EAS on intrinsic connectivity within the AN in patients with MDD. Compared to healthy subjects, MDD patients had aberrant intrinsic AN which mainly showed increased FC between amygdala and hippocampus, precuneus, precentral gyrus and angular gyrus, as well as decreased FC between amygdala and orbital frontal cortex(OFC). Moreover, our results indicated that EAS at GV20 induced increased/decreased FC between amygdala and certain regions in MDD patients. In addition, the intrinsic amygdala FC within other certain brain regions in MDD patients were regulated by EAS at GV20. The abnormal AN of MDD patients could be modulated by EAS at GV20. Our findings may further provide the potential imaging evidence to support the modulatory mechanisms of acupuncture on MDD.

     

Review on Preparation Technology and Properties of Refractory High Entropy Alloys

Refractory high entropy alloys have broad application prospects due to their excellent comprehensive properties in high temperature environments, and they have been widely implemented in many complex working conditions. According to the latest research reports, the preparation technology of bulk and coating refractory high entropy alloys are summarized, and the advantages and disadvantages of each preparation technology are analyzed. In addition, the properties of refractory high entropy alloys, such as mechanical properties, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, and radiation resistance are reviewed. The existing scientific problems of refractory high entropy alloys, at present, are put forward, which provide reference for the development and application of refractory high entropy alloys in the future, especially for plasma-facing materials in nuclear fusion reactors.     

加速康复外科理念在神经内镜经单鼻孔蝶窦入路垂体腺瘤切除术中的应用

目的 探讨加速康复外科(ERAS)理念在神经内镜下经单鼻孔蝶窦入路垂体腺瘤切除术中的应用效果。方法 2020年2月～2020年9月住院治疗的垂体腺瘤病人60例,随机分为两组,对照组30例,按常规准备及常规操作进行手术;ERAS组30例,围手术期采用ERAS理念治疗。比较两组病人术后平均住院时间,术后症状及并发症发生率,手术后鼻腔胀痛VAS评分比较,住院期间病人满意度。结果 ERAS组术后平均住院时间为(46±2.2)小时,对照组为(135±10.4)小时,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组术后呼吸困难、头痛、鼻腔胀痛、鼻腔出血等发生率比较,ERAS组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);ERAS组因鼻腔出血导致的非计划二次手术发生率为0,对照组为13%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);ERAS组术后鼻腔胀痛VAS评分为1.12±0.45,对照组为6.61±0.92,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);ERAS组住院期间病人满意度为(97.63±2.37)%,对照组为(80.20±3.42)%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<...     

基于“异病同治”探讨活血解毒法治疗冠心病和认知功能障碍的机制

我国即将进入深度老龄化社会,多病共存逐渐增加,冠心病与认知功能障碍的发病率也逐年升高,两者相互影响,互为因果,成为危害老年人健康的重大慢病,积极探索对其的中西医结合防治方法具有重大的临床意义。中医对冠心病和认知功能障碍关系的认知最早见于《黄帝内经》,而随着对冠心病和认知功能障碍认识的不断深化,“瘀”与“毒”对两者并病的影响越来越得到学界关注。中医对冠心病和认知功能障碍病因病机的认识具有共通性,“异病同治”理论为中医临床辨治病机相同的不同疾病提供了理论基础,同时也符合现代医学对多病共存整体性和个体化的防治原则。基于此,本文系统提出了“瘀毒互结”为冠心病和认知功能障碍的重要病因病机,探讨了活血解毒方药可能通过调节神经酰胺代谢,激活沉默信息调节因子2相关酶1(SIRT1),抑制细胞焦亡、调节丝裂原活化蛋白激酶/核转录因子-κB(MAPK/NF-κB)信号通路、抑制线粒体分裂和调节DNA甲基化等方面异病同治冠心病和认知功能障碍的作用机制,以期为未来中医药防治冠心病和认知障碍研究提供思路。     

心血管病继发认知障碍与心脑同治的中医药防治策略

心血管病患者继发认知障碍是老年人群的常见并病,严重危害患者健康,影响长期生存质量,心血管病可导致血管内皮损伤,脑灌注不足,脑部病变,继而引起认知障碍,心血管危险因素也会增加患者继发认知障碍的风险,积极寻求早期诊断及中西医结合防治方法尤为重要。中医基于“整体观念”提出“心脑相通”,心脑相通共主神明,心伤可累及脑,导致神志异常,是心血管病继发认知障碍的病因。后世医家基于“异病同治”和心脑相通,提出“心脑同治”。“心脑同治”包含两种含义,一为不同疾病归同一病因病机,可用同一方法治疗;二为异病共存,针对相同危险因素进行治疗。该文系统探讨了心血管疾病继发认知障碍的中医病因病机及心脑同治的防治策略,认为气血不足是基础,瘀毒互结阻脉、损窍是关键,调畅气血,活血解毒通脉、通窍为其主要治法,以期丰富“心脑同治”的理论内涵,为中医药防治心血管病继发认知障碍提供新的思路。     

Rosuvastatin Alleviates Diabetic Cardiomyopathy by Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome and MAPK Pathways in a Type 2 Diabetes Rat Model

Purpose

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is important in inflammation of several diabetic complications. However, the potential role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the inflammatory process of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) remains unclear. Although rosuvastatin (RSV) has an anti-inflammatory effect on some cardiovascular diseases, its influence on DCM is incompletely understood. We aimed to explore the effect on and underlying mechanism of RSV in DCM, and whether NLRP3 is a target for RSV.

Methods

Type 2 diabetes was induced in rat. The characteristics of type 2 DCM were evaluated by metabolic tests, echocardiography and histopathology. The expression of factors was determined by real-time RT-PCR and western blot. Eight-week RSV treatment and NLRP3 gene silencing were used to investigate the effect and underlying target of RSV in DCM.

Results

Compared with controls, diabetic rats showed severe metabolic disorder, cardiac dysfunction, fibrosis, disorganized ultrastructure, and excessive activation of thioredoxin interacting/inhibiting protein (TXNIP, p?<?0.05), NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3, p?<?0.01; apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain [ASC], p?<?0.05; caspase-1, p?<?0.01), interleukin-1β (p?<?0.01) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs, all p?<?0.01). Compared with diabetes alone, RSV ameliorated the overexpression of NLRP3 inflammasome (NLRP3, p?<?0.05; ASC, p?<?0.05; pro-caspase-1 p?<?0.05, caspase-1 p20, p?<?0.01) and MAPKs (all p?<?0.05), which paralleled the cardiac protection of RSV. Silencing NLRP3 ameliorated cardiac remodeling and dysfunction. The beneficial effects of RSV in vehicle-treated rats were all abrogated in NLRP3-silenced rats.

Conclusions

The beneficial effect of RSV on DCM depended on inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome, and correlated with suppression of the MAPKs.     

Diagnostic value of RASSF1A hypermethylation in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis

Purpose

Ras association domain family 1 isoform A (RASSF1A), a member of Ras association domain family, plays an important role in tumorigenesis. The goal of our meta-analysis was to assess the diagnostic value of RASSF1A hypermethylation in colorectal cancer (CRC).

微RNA-374b与前列腺癌恶性程度及生化复发的分析

目的检测前列腺癌组织及良性前列腺组织中微RNA-374b表达,探讨其与前列腺癌恶性程度及生化复发的关系。方法收集广州医科大学附属广州市第一人民医院、中山大学附属第二医院、广州市红十字会医院2000年至2010年泌尿外科103例前列腺癌手术后的样本和25例前列腺增生手术获取的前列腺良性组织样本。采用原位杂交技术检测微RNA．374b在前列腺癌组织及良性前列腺组织中表达,并对微RNA．374b表达与前列腺癌患者年龄、术前PSA、临床分期、病理分期、Gleason评分、是否生化复发、是否转移及是否死亡的关系进行统计分析。根据微RNA．374b的相对表达量,以中位数（M=4．50）将其分为低表达组及高表达组,运用Kaplan．meier方法及Log．rank检验进行总体生存率和无生化复发生存率分析。结果微RNA．374b在前列腺癌的表达低于良性组织（3．97±1．17比4．70±0．71,P〈0．05）。微RNA．374b的表达量同Gleason评分、病理分期、转移、是否生存及生化复发有关（均P〈0．05）,同年龄、PSA水平及临床分期无关（均P〉0．05）。微RNA．374b低表达组无生化复发生存率低于高表达组（P〈0．05）,高表达组的生化复发时间高于低表达组（P〈0．05）。微RNA．374b表达与总体生存率无关。结论微RNA．374b的低表达与前列腺癌恶性程度有关,有望成为评价前列腺癌恶性程度及生化复发的指标。