Alpha5 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor mediates nicotine-induced HIF-1α and VEGF expression in non-small cell lung cancer

By binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), nicotine induces the proliferation and apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Previous studies have indicated that α5-nAChR is highly associated with lung cancer risk and nicotine dependence. However, the mechanisms through which α5-nAChRs may influence lung carcinogenesis are far from clear. In the present study, we investigated the roles of α5-nAChR in the nicotine-induced expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of α5-nAChR and HIF-1α in 60 specimens of lung cancer and para-carcinoma tissue. The correlations between the expression levels of α5-nAChR and HIF-1α and other clinicopathological data were analyzed. In a cell line that highly expressed α5-nAChR, the loss of α5-nAChR function by siRNA was used to study whether α5-nAChR is involved in the nicotine-induced expression of HIF-1α and VEGF through the activation of the ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Cell growth was detected using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). α5-nAChR (78.3%) and HIF-1α (88.3%) were both overexpressed in NSCLC, and their expression levels were found to be correlated with each other (P < 0.05). In the A549 cell line, α5-nAChR and HIF-1α were found to be expressed under normal conditions, and their expression levels were significantly increased in response to nicotine treatment. The silencing of α5-nAChR significantly inhibited the nicotine-induced cell proliferation compared with the control group and attenuated the nicotine-induced upregulation of HIF-1α and VEGF, and these effects required the cooperation of the ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. These results show that the α5-nAChR/HIF-1α/VEGF axis is involved in nicotine-induced tumor cell proliferation, which suggests that α5-nAChR may serve as a potential anticancer target in nicotine-associated lung cancer.     

海口市112例少年儿童骨密度及影响因素分析

目的研究海口地区少年儿童的骨密度(bone mineral density,BMD)及其影响因素,为了解本地区少年儿童的骨骼发育状况提供参考依据,同时为国家研究此方面的课题提供资料数据对比,对今后研究青少年儿童的骨骼发育情况具有重要的意义。方法对海口市112例少年,年龄12~14岁,其中男生61例,女生51例儿童行问卷调查,并使用双能X线骨密度测定仪检测其左手桡骨远端的BMD。每次测量前进行仪器性能校正检测,并由同一人负责测量。测量对象取坐位,左臂平放,测量其左手桡骨远端1/3BMD,测量时保持标准体位。结果随着年龄的增长,少年儿童的BMD也随之增长;但其运动时间、睡眠时间及营养状况的重视程度却逐年下降。结论运动、睡眠及营养状况是少年儿童骨密度的重要影响因素;应加大对海口地区少年儿童生长发育期提高骨密度的重视度。     

Antihepatotoxic Effect of Tadehaginoside,Extracted from Tadehagi triquetrum (L.), Against CCl4-Lesioned Rats Through Activating the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway and Attenuating the Inflammatory Response

Recently, an increasing number of studies suggest that oxidative stress and inflammation are associated with hepatocellular injuries. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the potential hepatoprotective role of tadehaginoside (TA) on liver lesions induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄). The results in vitro suggested that TA dose-dependently suppressed the cell proliferation of HepG2 cells, whereas the phosphorylated level of IκBα in cells was effectively inactivated. The study in vivo showed that TA significantly lowered the serum concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), immunoglobulin E (IgE), and leukotriene (LT) in CCl₄-lesioned rats. Pathological examination indicated that CCl₄-induced hepatocellular damage was effectively mitigated by TA treatment. Meanwhile, the contents of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS), glutathione (GSH), and catalase (CAT) in liver tissue were gradually elevated. In addition, cytochrome c oxidase (COX) mRNA expression in hepatocytes was markedly upregulated, and nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keapl) levels were progressively increased. Furthermore, the tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)-expressed protein were downregulated. These findings demonstrate that tadehaginoside effectively protects against CCl₄-induced oxidative injury and inflammatory reaction in hepatocytes, in which the underlying mechanisms are involved in activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibiting the NF-κB pathway, thereby attenuating oxidative stress and reducing the inflammation in liver cells.     

6-巯基嘌呤减量治疗3例急性白血病患儿基因突变分析及临床表现

目的：分析6-巯基嘌呤（6-MP）减量化疗的急性白血病（AL）患儿维持治疗阶段临床资料及其巯嘌呤甲基转移酶（TPMT）、次黄嘌呤鸟嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶（HGPRT）基因突变情况,探讨其基因型和临床表型的相关性。方法分别提取3例AL患儿骨髓液及77例对照组儿童外周血总RNA并逆转录成cDNA,PCR特异性扩增TPMT和HGPRT基因蛋白质编码区序列并测序。采用美国国立癌症研究所第3版常规毒性判定标准（NCI CTC 3．0）对维持治疗阶段药物不良反应进行评价和分级,应用国家食品药品监督管理局（SFDA）推荐的药物不良反应关联性评价标准评价6-MP与不良反应发生的相关性。结果1例AL患儿为TPMT＊3C（Try240Cys）纯合突变基因型,减少6-MP剂量至常规剂量1/3～2/3可使骨髓抑制及肝脏毒性等重度不良反应转为轻度。对照组发现2例TPMT＊3 C杂合突变,该位点在人群中的等位基因频率为1.3％。以上两组均未发现HGPRT基因突变。结论 TPMT＊3 C纯合突变患儿可出现与6-MP剂量相关的不耐受现象,中断或减量治疗能够减少维持期间严重药物不良反应的发生。提示TPMT＊3 C基因型的检出可能有利于提高6-MP用药的安全性。     

HSG、Ki67组织表达与宫颈癌新辅助化疗治疗效果的相关分析

目的 探讨细胞增殖抑制基因(HSG)、增殖细胞核抗原(Ki67)组织表达与宫颈癌新辅助化疗治疗效果的相关性.方法 选取2017年1月至2019年7月广东省第二人民医院收治的180例经临床确诊的宫颈癌患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组90例.对照组采用传统手术治疗和放疗;观察组实施收治治疗、放疗及...     

104例注射用磷酸肌酸钠新的和严重的药品不良反应报告分析

目的 分析注射用磷酸肌酸钠新的和严重的药品不良反应(ADR)相关因素,为临床安全用药提供参考.方法 检索2008年1月1日至2018年12月31日山东省上报国家药品不良反应监测系统的ADR报告,筛选出注射用磷酸肌酸钠新的和严重的ADR病例报告,并对其性别、年龄及用药原因、过敏史情况,给药方式、合并用药、ADR转归等进行...     

足部按摩结合穴位按揉对胃肠道术后肠蠕动影响的研究

目的 观察足部按摩结合穴位按揉对胃肠道手术患者肠蠕动恢复的影响.方法 将127例胃肠道术后患者根据手术日单、双号分成两组,观察组除了术后常规护理外给予足部按摩 穴位按揉;对照组给予术后常规护理外指导患者早期活动.比较两组腹胀发生、肠蠕动恢复及肛门排气情况,并作统计学处理.结果 观察组腹胀发生率低、肠蠕动恢复及肛门排气出现早,与对照组比较,统计有高度显著性差异.结论 足部按摩结合穴位按揉能更有效地促进胃肠道术后肠蠕动恢复.     

Electro-acupuncture for post-stroke cognitive impairment: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:A considerable number of stroke survivors suffered from cognitive impairment, and more than one third of stroke survivors are affected at 3 and 12 months after the stroke. Although the published systematic reviews suggest that acupuncture can help improve post-stroke cognitive dysfunction, the power of the results is low due to study limitations. Therefore, this review is necessary to analyze the effect of acupuncture on cognitive impairment after stroke and to provide evidence for cognitive impairment in stroke.Methods:This study will be carried out in strict accordance with the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. According to the pre-established search strategy (PICOS framework), all the literature will be obtained from online databases including Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials in the Cochrane Library, Medline (via PubMed), EMBASE (via embase.com), CINAHL (via EBSCOhost), China National Knowledge Infrastructure database, WanFang Database, Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, and Sino-Med Database from inception until December 31, 2021 with no language limitations. Two reviewers will screen the records and include quality studies according to inclusion criteria independently. The data needed will be extracted independently by 2 authors according to a table of data extraction. Any inconsistencies in literature screening and data collection will be resolved to reach a consensus via discussion with a third author. Risk of bias for each study will be assessed using risk of bias tool. RevMan5.3 will be used to analyze the data. Heterogeneity will be identified and measured by Chi². Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analysis will be carried out. Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation will be used to evaluate the evidence for each outcome.Conclusion:The results of this study will provide a theoretical basis for the clinical use of electro-acupuncture to treat cognitive dysfunction after stroke.Unique INPLASY number:INPLASY202210038     

右美托咪定复合丙泊酚在小儿磁共振检查镇静中的应用观察

目的:观察经鼻给予右美托咪定（dexmedetomidine, Dex）复合小剂量丙泊酚静脉推注应用于小儿两部位MRI检查的安全性和有效性。方法:60例ASA分级Ⅰ、Ⅱ级择期行两个部位（中途需搬动患儿1次,时间>45 min）MRI检查的儿童,按照随机数字表法分为两组（每组30例）：右美托咪定2 μg/kg组（D2组）...