ABSENCE OF "RECURARIZATION" IN PATIENTS WITH DEMONSTRATED PROLONGED NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCK

The possibility of "recurarization" after antagonism of thecompetitive neuromuscular block with anticholinesterases wasstudied. Observations were made on the time-course of the blockin five patients at risk from recurarization because of multipleorgan failure and who demonstrated unusually prolonged blockade.In none of these patients did the block recur. We conclude that,provided spontaneous recovery of neuromuscular transmissionhas made progress before the antagonism, and that the patientdoes not deteriorate or become exhausted afterwards, recurarizationis unlikely.     

重组竹叶青蛇毒纤溶酶原激活剂TSV-PA体内溶栓效应观察

目的：观察重组竹叶青蛇毒纤溶酶原激活剂TSV—PA体内溶栓效应。方法：利用家兔制备的脑血栓模型，以生理盐水和尿激酶为对照，用数字减影血管造影技术观察重组竹叶青蛇毒纤溶酶原激活剂TSV—PA体内溶栓效果。结果：TSV—PA高剂量实验组(300μg/kg)再道时间为2h以内，TSV—PA低剂量实验组(150μg/kg)5h以内再通。尿激酶组(2000U／kg)再通时间为3—6h；24h以内生理盐水对照组没有观察到再通现象。实验动物45h后处死解剖，未观察到出血现象和其它异常现象。结论：重组TSV—PA在体内具有良好的溶栓活性。     

Erythromycin treatment for gastrointestinal dysmotility in preterm infants

To report our clinical experience on the use of oral erythromycin for the treatment of severe gastrointestinal dysmotility in preterm infants.

Methodology:

A case series study of seven preterm infants (six were very low birthweight) with severe intestinal dysmotility in a tertiary neonatal centre.

Results:

All responded favourably without adverse effects and tolerated full enteral feeding within 1–2 weeks of the commencement of the drug.

Conclusions:

As prolonged total parenteral nutrition carries significant risk of complications, this therapy could be considered in selected preterm infants who fail to establish enteral feeding after an extended period, and in whom an anatomically obstructive lesion of the gastrointestinal tract has been excluded. Meanwhile, we would caution against the widespread implementation of this therapeutic approach until formal evaluation by randomized controlled trials have established the exact role of erythromycin, or its analogues, in the treatment of intestinal dysmotility in preterm infants.     

Analysis of the in vitro synergistic effect of 5-fluorouracil and cisplatin on cervical carcinoma cells

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is currently being used as an anticancer drug to reduce tumor bulk in order to increase the operability rate and postoperative survival in patients with cervical cancer, which has been combined with cisplatin (CP) because of its superior activities observed in human carcinoma cells. However, the combined anticancer effect of 5-FU and CP in cervical carcinoma cells is poorly understood. Therefore, we conducted a study to investigate whether anticancer drugs 5-FU and CP may exhibit the combined antiproliferative effect in cervical carcinoma cells. Using proteomics analysis, including two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), we investigated the antiproliferative effect-related proteins after treatment with 5-FU and/or CP. Our experiments showed that the combination of 5-FU and CP engaged both the apoptotic pathways: the membrane death receptor-mediated apoptosis pathway and the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Moreover, the combination of 5-FU and CP resulted in remarkable increasing susceptibility to apoptosis. We suggest that the combination of 5-FU and CP suppresses the growth of cervical carcinoma cells by synergistic effect with the induction of apoptosis. In vitro synergistic effect of 5-FU and CP supports the basis of the clinical application of the combination chemotherapy to the patients with cervical cancer.     

Risk factors for the progression or persistence of untreated mild dysplasia of the uterine cervix

To identify the factors that may predict the progression or persistence of untreated mild dysplasia of the uterine cervix, we performed a retrospective review of 118 patients with histologically verified mild dysplasia who underwent colposcopic biopsies between January 1999 and December 2003. Regression to normal occurred in 70.3%, progression to moderate dysplasia or worse occurred in 11.0%, and persistence of mild dysplasia occurred in 18.7%. In regression/progression analysis, progression of untreated mild dysplasia was 34.5% (10/29) in patients with high viral loads (> or =100 relative light units/positive control [RLU/PC]) and 4.5% (3/67) in those with low viral loads (1 to <100 RLU/PC) and negative human papillomavirus (HPV) tests (P < 0.001). Women with high viral loads had a 13-fold greater chance of progression of untreated mild dysplasia than those with low viral loads and negative HPV tests (CI: 2.494-95.297; P = 0.0022). Those associated with both positive smear and positive HPV test (12/45 = 26.7%) were at a greater risk of progression of untreated mild dysplasia as compared with those with positive smear and negative HPV (0/17 = 0.0%) or those with negative smear and positive HPV test (1/18 = 5.6%). Those with high viral loads and both with positive smear and positive HPV test should be followed closely because of their increased risk of progression of untreated mild dysplasia.     

What is the difference between squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the cervix? A matched case–control study

The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of treatment strategies in patients with adenocarcinoma (AC) of the cervix and compare it with those with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the cervix. Women with FIGO (1994) stage IB1 AC, especially pathologic tumor size of 2-4 cm, treated with class III hysterectomy, were compared with those with SCC treated with comparable strategy in a case-controlled study. Eighty patients (20 cases, 60 controls) were analyzed. Lymphvascular space invasion (P = 0.01) and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.07) were more frequent in patients with SCC than in those with AC. However, there was no significant difference in depth of stromal invasion (P = 0.51) and invasion of the parametrium (P = 0.44) between two groups. And there was also no statistically significant difference in disease-free survival (P = 0.86) and overall survival (P = 0.89) between two groups. Primary radical surgery followed by adjuvant therapy, same as for SCC, would be acceptable for AC with pathologic tumor size of 2-4 cm. Although it was difficult to determine whether AC recurred more systemically, more effective treatment strategies than those currently available for AC should be considered to reduce the systemic recurrence.     

金银花药材中抗呼吸道病毒感染的咖啡酰奎宁酸类成分的定量研究

目的:寻找金银花中的抗呼吸道病毒感染的成分,并进行定量研究。方法:采用各种柱层析和制备薄层层析等方法分离、细胞病变法进行抗病毒作用的研究,采用RP-HPLC方法进行定量方法的研究。结果:分离得到了13种咖啡酰奎宁酸类化合物和咖啡酸、咖啡酸甲酯,确认咖啡酰奎宁酸类成分具有较强的抗呼吸道病毒作用,并采用HPLC方法测定了金银花中的 6种咖啡酰奎宁酸类成分和咖啡酸的含量。结论:咖啡酰奎宁酸类成分为金银花中的有效成分,定量方法准确、重复性好。     

Reliability of the pattern hair loss classifications: A comparison of the basic and specific and Norwood–Hamilton classifications

Pattern hair loss (PHL) is the most common form of baldness in both sexes. The Norwood–Hamilton classification is the most commonly used classification worldwide, but it has many limitations. The basic and specific (BASP) classification was introduced as an improvement over the Norwood–Hamilton classification. Previous research was done to estimate the reliability of the Norwood–Hamilton classification and the result was unsatisfactory. However, the reliability of the BASP and Norwood–Hamilton classifications has not yet been compared. Eight dermatological specialists, 17 dermatological residents and 15 general physicians classified PHL in 100 sets of photographs using both the BASP and Norwood–Hamilton classifications. Intergroup reproducibility was evaluated by examining the match rate of the individual data in each group and the match rate between hair specialist and the other examiners. Intragroup repeatability was determined by calculating the match rate between the first and second studies. In terms of intergroup reproducibility of the match rate for individual data in each group, the basic type had the best agreement, the specific type had the second best, and the Norwood–Hamilton classification had the lowest match rate. In comparison, hair specialist and intragroup repeatability showed the same patterns. The BASP classification not only distinguishes all kinds of hair loss patterns, but also has better reproducibility and repeatability than the Norwood–Hamilton classification.