Dispersion Analysis of Prognostic and Relapsing Factors of Duodenal Ulcer by Use of Electron Computer

Among 192 cases of duodenal ulcers and ulcer scars, which were endoscopically observed in the last three years, complete healing was observed in 109 cases. Study of the data in these cases by computer indicates that the healing tendency of duodenal ulcer is poorer with advancing age. It is less in a linear ulcer than in a round or irregularly shaped one and worse in an ulcer without marginal swelling than in one with it. Shape, number, distribution of lesions and degree of radiological deformity of duodenal cap are of no use in prognosis. Ulcer scars with redness or converged folds, however, are apt to relapse.     

Colonic adenocarcinoma and stones in an Indiana pouch

We report on a 63-year-old woman with adenocarcinoma and stones in an Indiana pouch. Adenocarcinoma of an Indiana pouch is extremely rare. To our knowledge, only four cases with adenocarcinoma in an Indiana pouch have been reported.     

Radiation-Induced Colo-rectal Carcinoma -- A Report of Seven Cases --

Seven cases of colo-rectal carcinoma which were considered tohave developed secondarily to radiation injuries are reported.The incidence in our series was 0.8% (seven out of 880 primarycolo-rectal carcinomas). Initial diseases, the targets of radiotherapy,were five carcinomas of the uterine cervix, one of the cecum,and one of the vulva. The latent period, the interval between the initiation of irradiationand the detection of colo-rectal carcinoma, varied from 16 to21 years with an average of 18 years. Late radiation injuries were confirmed histologically in thesegments of the resected bowel involved in all cases. Postoperativecomplications were highly related to the radiation injuriesof the urinary bladder, macrohematuria in two and vesical fistulain three. Among the seven patients, four died within five years and threemonths, two of postoperative complications and two of recurrenceof the disease; the other three are alive and well without evidenceof disease, for three years and seven months, three years andthree months, and 11 months, respectively.     

Genetic heterogeneity of combined gastric and duodenal ulcers detected by pepsinogen C gene polymorphism

Abstract It has been reported recently that there was genetic heterogeneity in gastric ulcer disease depending upon the location of the ulcer, and that there was a significant association between the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) for pepsinogen C (PGC) gene and gastric body ulcer. In the present study, the association of the RFLP for PGC gene with combined gastric and duodenal ulcers was investigated to analyse genetic factors in its aetiology. Eighty unrelated controls and 47 patients with combined gastric and duodenal ulcers were studied. The allele frequencies of the large (3.6 kilobase EcoRI fragment) and the small fragment (3.5 kilobase EcoRI fragment) were, respectively 80.6 and 19.4% in controls, 60.0 and 40.0% in patients with combined gastric body and duodenal ulcers, 69.0 and 31.0% in patients with combined gastric angular and duodenal ulcers, and 81.8 and 18.2% in patients with combined gastric antral and duodenal ulcers. The allele frequency of the small fragment was significantly higher in patients with combined gastric body and duodenal ulcers than in controls. The genotypes that possessed the small fragment were significantly more frequent in patients with combined gastric body and duodenal ulcers (66.7%) than in controls (33.8%) and combined gastric antral and duodenal ulcers (27.3%). These results suggest that there is genetic heterogeneity in combined gastric and duodenal ulcers depending upon the location of gastric ulcer, and that combined gastric body and duodenal ulcers are associated with the small fragment allele of the PGC RFLP in the same way as solitary gastric body ulcers.     

Chemosensitivity Test for Human Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines In Vitro

The in vitro response to seven chemotherapeutic drugs of threeestablished human small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines (NCIH69, H 128, N231) was tested by a double soft agar clonogenicassay. Colony formation by the three cell lines was universallyreduced more than 50% by continuous exposure to peak plasmaconcentrations of all the drugs. However by exposure to one-tenthof the peak plasma concentrations, the colony growth of H69was reduced to 25.6% and 37.7% by etoposide and teniposide,respectively, and that of N231 was reduced to 46.7%, 39.0%,27.5% by carboplatin, etoposide and tenipo side, respectively.On the other hand colony formation by the three cell lines wasnot suppressed more than 50% by one-hour exposure to any ofthe drugs tested at one-tenth of the peak plasma concentrations.By one-hour exposure to drugs at the peak plasma concentrations,colony formation by H69, H128 and N23 I was reduced more than50% by cisplatin, etoposide, teniposide and nimustin, by adriamycin,tenoposide and ACNU, and by adriamycin, etoposide, teniposideand nimustin, respectively. It was concluded that these threecell lines have similar sensitivity to seven drugs commonlyused against small cell lung cancer.     

A Japanese perspective on crisis intervention

Abstract This paper describes the author's therapeutic team's general rules for crisis intervention that have been built up by gaining experience in therapy and crisis intervention for 'difficult cases to treat'. It discusses how the author's therapeutic team actually intervenes in the crisis, building a relationship as quickly as possible with the patient and/or family, and providing follow-up treatment with the family and others involved in the crisis. The paper then outlines recent trends in Japanese crisis intervention in comparison with the Western system of psychiatric emergency services. Finally, the paper concludes the necessity of establishing comprehensive and on-going community-care in order for a psychiatric emergency system to become successful in Japan.     

Needle Tract Implantation in a Case of Needle Biopsy for Lung Cancer

Using the small-bore needle developed at Tokyo Medical CollegeHospital, accurate diagnoses were obtained in 146 out of 182cases of pulmonary carcinoma (80.2%) from 1967–74. Complicationsarose in 8.1% of all punctured cases, most of which were slight.There was, however, one case of implantation. Only seven casesof needle tract implantation have so far been reported in theworld. Needle biopsy has been described as a valuable diagnosticmethod in certain cases, particularly in those cases where otherprocedures fail to yield definitive diagnosis. Steps shouldbe taken, however, to prevent such complications.     

Surface marker patterns of T cells and expression of interleukin-2 receptor in measles infection

The surface marker patterns of T cells of Ghanaian children during measles infection were studied and an attempt was made to demonstrate T cell activation and viability in vitro after activation in vivo by measles virus. The frequencies of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ naive T cells in measles patients were high while their memory T cells were remarkably reduced with no sign of proliferation even at the acute phase of the illness. The reduction of memory T cells was prolonged during the convalescent phase (2 months after onset). The anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody-induced expression of interleukin-2 receptor α chain (IL-2R/CD25) was significantly suppressed; however, the addition of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or ionomycin caused a remarkable recovery of CD25 expression. On simple culture, an appreciable proportion of T cells from measles patients died rapidly in contrast with only a few T cells from healthy controls doing so. The suppression of CD25 expression was still demonstrated during the convalescent phase of the disease. Taken together these results suggest unresponsiveness and activation-induced cell death of T cells during severe measles infection in Ghanaian children. Furthermore the prolonged abnormalities of T cells (i.e. decreased memory T cells and inhibition of CD25 expression during the convalescent phase) might be related to post-measles infection immunosuppressive status.