随机应答技术在大学生婚前性行为调查中的应用

目的了解大学生中婚前性行为的发生率，为开展大学生的性教育提供依据。方法应用问卷调查以及随机应答技术中的“三个无关联问题技术模型”，结合“多重试验模型”两种方式调查婚前性行为的发生率，并使用X^2方检验对两样本率进行比较。结果随机应答技术和问卷调查得到的婚前性行为发生率分别为0．1338和0．0864，有统计学差异（x^2=8．105，P=0．004）。结论随机应答技术可显著降低无应答率和误答率，得到高质量的调查结果。当前大学生婚前性行为发生率很高，应当引起高校教育工作者的注意，加强大学生的性道德和性健康教育。     

Influence of lecithin on mitochondrial DNA and age-related hearing loss.

OBJECTIVES: Lecithin is a polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholine (PPC), which are high energy functional and structural elements of all biologic membranes. PPC play a rate-limiting role in the activation of numerous membrane-located enzymes, including superoxide dismutase and glutathione, which are important antioxidants protecting cell membranes from damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS-induced damage to mitochondrial DNA may lead to reduced mitochondrial function in the cochlea and resultant hearing loss. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: The effects of lecithin on aging and age-associated hearing loss were studied in rats by measuring hearing sensitivities using auditory brainstem responses (ABR). In addition, mitochondrial function as a measure of aging was assessed by determining mitochondrial membrane potentials using flow cytometry and by amplifying mitochondrial DNA deletions associated with aging. Harlan-Fischer rats aged 18 to 20 months (n = 14) were divided into 2 groups. The experimental group was supplemented orally for 6 months with lecithin, a purified extract of soybean phospholipid (Nutritional Therapeutics, Allendale, NJ). RESULTS: The data obtained were compared with the control group. ABRs were recorded at 2-month intervals and showed significant preservation of hearing sensitivities in the treated subjects. Flow cytometry revealed significantly higher mitochondrial membrane potentials in the treated subjects, suggesting preserved mitochondrial function. Finally, the common aging mitochondrial DNA deletion (mtDNA(4834)) were amplified from brain and cochlear tissue including stria vascularis and auditory nerve. This specific deletion was found significantly less frequent in all tissues in the treated group compared with the controls. CONCLUSION: These experiments support our hypothesis and provide evidence that lecithin may preserve cochlear mitochondrial function and protect hearing loss associated with aging.     

病毒性心肌炎心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ检测的临床意义

目的:对病毒性心肌炎患儿血中肌钙蛋白I(cTn I)含量进行检测,探讨与临床的关系。方法:采用放射免疫法对24例病毒性心肌炎患儿血中cTn I进行定量检测,同时检测血清心肌酶谱的改变情况,并就两种指标进行相关性探讨。结果:病毒性心肌炎患儿血中cTn I含量明显增高(4.5±2.2 )vs(2.3±0.3)ng/ml,P<0.01),并与CKMB,LDH_1的含量呈明显的正相关。结论:cTnl I是诊断病毒性心肌炎的敏感指标,可以反映出心肌受损的程度。     

病案质量整体管理的做法

病案质量是衡量临床工作质量的重要标志。目前，因重效益轻质量、重科研轻临床现象突出，致病案质量有所下降。因此，应加强病案质量整体管理，建立医院、科室、个人三级病案质量控制体系；以病案内涵质量为核心内容，制定完善科学的病案质量评价标准；加强岗前培训，抓人员素质的提高；强化病案过程质量管理和终末质量管理，重视病案质量信息反馈作用。     

应用数据挖掘技术获取周围型肺癌临床和CT诊断规则的初步研究

目的探讨数据挖掘技术对周围型肺癌影像诊断规则提取的价值。方法收集58例经过临床病理证实的周围型肺癌病例,对其临床及CT表现属性进行标准化认定,输入数据库,分别采用自主开发的基于关联规则知识发现程序与通用数据分析工具ROSETTA中的粗糙集约简算法和遗传分类算法对58例周围型肺癌临床及影像学数据进行挖掘对比研究。结果由Johnson’s Algorithm粗糙集约简算法产生诊断规则51条,由ROSETTA遗传分类算法所产生的诊断规则有5千多条,基于关联规则的挖掘算法所产生的诊断规则有123条。这3种不同的数据挖掘方法产生的最重要的诊断规则基本上都将性别、年龄、位置、毛刺、形状、毛玻璃样密度等属性作为诊断周围型肺癌的主要依据。结论数据挖掘技术在医学影像诊断和鉴别诊断中具有潜在的应用价值。     

湿性皮肤再生技术在皮肤擦伤的应用

目的:探导湿性皮肤再生技术治疗皮肤擦伤的疗效。方法:自2000年1月-2005年10月,治疗头面部、躯干和四肢急性皮肤擦伤共353例,其中采用湿润烧伤膏和暴露疗法治疗(新法组)185例,按传统疗法清创治疗(传统组)168例。结果:新法组7天内痊愈116例,占62．7％;14天内痊愈59例,占3713％;总有效率100％。传统组7天内痊愈82例,占48．8％;14天内痊愈58例,占34．5％;另外28例,占16．7％,发生不同程度的创面感染,痂下积脓,需作再次清创,碘伏湿敷或改用MEBO治疗,创面延期愈合,愈后瘢痕增生明显。结论:湿润烧伤膏和暴露疗法治疗皮肤擦伤与传统疗法比较,具有缩短创面愈合时间,愈后不留瘢痕等优点。     

短波紫外线照射对小儿肺炎及中性粒细胞吞噬功能和IL－2的影响

用短波紫外线照射患儿腰背部皮肤辅助治疗小儿肺炎，提示紫外线治疗组与对照组相比，显著缩短患儿发热。咳嗽及肺部湿罗音消失时间（Ｐ＜０．０１）。用化学发光法测定中性粒细胞吞噬功能，治疗组患儿血液内中性粗细胞吞噬功能显著提高（Ｐ＜０．０５）。同时测定治疗组患儿血中ＩＬ－２低于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），并对上述结果机理进行了探讨。     

血液流变学数据库的建立及其应用

This hemorheological data base was established with an Apple II computer. The covering technique was applied to deal with its lacks of memories. This data base had a mutual administration system and complete managing functions including inputting, inquiring, printing, transferring, revising functions and so on. More than twenty hemorheological parameters involving apparent viscosities of whole human blood, plasma viscosity, viscoelasticity and thixotropy indices, were saved in the way of paging mode. Meanwhile, this data base had a common mathematical statistics system in recently medical use. It included monovariable linear and nonlinear regressions, t-test, multiple linear regression, cluster analysis etc. Therefore, this data base can be conveniently utilized to analyze the hemorheological data comprehensively. Besides the establishment of normal hemorheological indices, this data base equipped a primary method of quantitative diagnosis through hemorheological indices, it gave a new method to diagnose some diseases and to observe their curing process.     

高压液相色谱纯化肾综合征出血热病毒血凝素及其性状分析

用吐温８０－乙醚（ＴＥ）法、蔗糖－丙酮（ＳＡ）法、丙酮－乙醚（ＡＥ）法分别从肾综合征出血热病毒（ＨＦＲＳＶ）感染的Ｖｅｒｏ－Ｅ６细胞培养和乳小白鼠脑组织中制备病毒血凝素（ＨＡＮ），定量对比证明其制备效果，结果无明显差异。粗制ＨＡＮ经高压液相色谱（ＥＰＬＣ）纯化，有４个洗脱峰，血凝活性物质存在于峰１。纯化ＨＡＮ在ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ中呈单一区带，分子量５６．６ＫＤ，ＨＡＮ相对含量７９．６％。纯化ＨＡＮ在蔗糖密度梯度液中有一条１．１５～１．１６ｇ／ｃｍ３的沉淀，粗制ＨＡＮ有３条沉淀。电镜观察纯化ＨＡＮ中为大小相等的球状颗粒。粗制ＨＡＮ的高密度沉淀中可见到病样颗粒。对几种常用消毒剂、氧化剂、去垢剂对ＨＡＮ的灭活作用做了实验对比观察。     

鲁格氏棒横突固定法的实验研究和临床应用

取10具新鲜成年雄性家猪的脊柱标本,分两组观察鲁格氏棒经椎管行椎板固定和鲁格氏棒经横突椎板固定时,受破坏性屈曲力的数据,结果显示鲁格氏棒经椎管固定组在达1048.6（±20）N时,所固定的椎板发生骨折,部分钢丝断裂;鲁格氏棒经横突固定组达2058（±20）N时,仅发生棒弯曲,未发现任何部位骨折或钢丝断裂。临床治疗33例不稳定胸腰椎骨折脱位患者,术后X线片示骨折脱位复位满意,两周后患者可离床活动,随访2～2.5年未发现任何并发症。