Extended therapeutic window and functional recovery after intraarterial administration of neuregulin-1 after focal ischemic stroke.

We have previously shown that neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) protects neurons from ischemic brain injury if administered before focal stroke. Here, we examined the therapeutic window and functional recovery after NRG-1 treatment in rats subjected to 90 mins of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and 24 h of reperfusion. Neuregulin-1 (2.5 ng/kg bolus, 1.25 ng/kg/min infusion) reduced infarct volume by 89.2%+/-41.9% (mean+/-s.d.; n=8; P<0.01) if administered immediately after the onset of reperfusion. Neuroprotection was also evident if NRG-1 was administered 4 h (66.4%+/-52.6%; n=7; P<0.01) and 12 h (57.0%+/-20.8%; n=8; P<0.01) after reperfusion. Neuregulin-1 administration also resulted in a significant improvement of functional neurologic outcome compared with vehicle-treated animals (32.1%+/-5.7%; n=9; P<0.01). The neuroprotective effect of the single administration of NRG-1 was seen as long as 2 weeks after treatment. Neurons labeled with the neurodegeneration marker dye Fluoro-JadeB were observed after MCAO in the cortex, but the numbers were significantly reduced after NRG-1 treatment. These results indicate that NRG-1 is a potent neuroprotective compound with an extended therapeutic window that has practical therapeutic potential in treating individuals after ischemic brain injury.     

Genome-wide scan identified QTLs underlying femoral neck cross-sectional geometry that are novel studied risk factors of osteoporosis.

A genome-wide screen was conducted using a large white sample to identify QTLs for FNCS geometry. We found significant linkage of FNCS parameters to 20q12 and Xq25, plus significant epistatic interactions and sex-specific QTLs influencing FNCS geometry variation. INTRODUCTION: Bone geometry, a highly heritable trait, is a critical component of bone strength that significantly determines osteoporotic fracture risk. Specifically, femoral neck cross-sectional (FNCS) geometry is significantly associated with hip fracture risk as well as genetic factors. However, genetic research in this respect is still in its infancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To identify the underlying genomic regions influencing FNCS variables, we performed a remarkably large-scale whole genome linkage scan involving 3998 individuals from 434 pedigrees for four FNCS geometry parameters, namely buckling ratio (BR), cross-sectional area (CSA), cortical thickness (CT), and section modulus (Z). The major statistical approach adopted is the variance component method implemented in SOLAR. RESULTS: Significant linkage evidence (threshold LOD = 3.72 after correction for tests of multiple phenotypes) was found in the regions of 20q12 and Xq25 for CT (LOD = 4.28 and 3.90, respectively). We also identified eight suggestive linkage signals (threshold LOD = 2.31 after correction for multiple tests) for the respective geometry traits. The above findings were supported by principal component linkage analysis. Of them, 20q12 was of particular interest because it was linked to multiple FNCS geometry traits and significantly interacted with five other genomic loci to influence CSA variation. The effects of 20q12 on FNCS geometry were present in both male and female subgroups. Subgroup analysis also revealed the presence of sex-specific quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for FNCS traits in the regions such as 2p14, 3q26, 7q21 and 15q21. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings laid a foundation for further replication and fine-mapping studies as well as for positional and functional candidate gene studies, aiming at eventually finding the causal genetic variants and hidden mechanisms concerning FNCS geometry variation and the associated hip fractures.     

内脏高敏感与功能性胃肠病

功能性胃肠病(functional gastrointestinal disorders,FGIDs)是指一组以慢性或反复发作的消化道症状就诊,但无明确胃肠黏膜结构改变或生化异常可查的症候群。心理、社会因素可加重FGIDs患者症状,患者可同时伴有躯体症状[1]。其发病机制目前尚不明确,最初该类疾病被认为是胃肠神经官能症,大量的流行病学资料表明,尽管精神压力与患者症状发作有关,但主要还是决定于患者的就医行为。此后,FGIDs发病机制的研究又集中在胃肠动力改变方面,肠易激综合征患者(IBS)、功能性消化不良患者(FD)、非心源性胸痛患者(NCCP)均发现了各种胃肠动力异…     

Gunshot injury of the spinal cord

108 pigs were shot at the level of lumbar 1 to investigate the changes of spinal cord in relation to the speed of shooting and the trajectory through which the bullet passed. The cord lesions of the specimens could be divided, according to its severity, into 4 grades: (1) transection in 41; (2) complete destruction in 43; both lesion 1&2 resulted in permanent paraplegia; (3) incomplete destruction in 13, those resulted in incomplete paraplegia eventually recovered; (4) mild damage, that was concussion in 11, resumed perfectly. Through a transducer sealed into the spinal canal, the intracanal pressure was recorded: (1) Shooting through spinal canal with a pressure over 5 kg caused cord transection. (2) shooting through canal wall with a pressure of 2.5 to 5; 0 kg caused complete cord destruction. (3) shooting nearby the outer margin of vertebra with a pressure less than 1.0 kg caused mild cord damage. It was found that the speed of bullet, the trajectory with relation to cord and the grade of cord lesion are in agreement with each other. The mutual effects among them would make one think it reasonable to classify cord injury as follows: 1. Injury from bullet through spinal canal or vertebral body usually causes cord transaction; 2. Injury from bullet through canal wall at high speed would make a chance of complete destruction in 94%; at low speed, a chance of either complete or incomplete lesion in 50% each. 3. Injury nearby vertebra, high speed bullet would cause a chance of complete cord lesion in 86%; low speed one would make a chance of incomplete lesion in 1/3 and mild lesion in 2/3.     

Effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza on the left ventricular diastolic function in coronary artery stenosis

In 24 open-chest mongrel dogs, coronary artery critical stenosis were produced by a micrometer constriction on left circumflex coronary artery. It was reduction about 87% in lumen area. CBF, -Vce, -dp/dt max were decreased, T was increased (P less than 0.01). 15 minutes after stenosis, the Salvia miltiorrhiza injection was injected into left atrium. CBF, -dp/dt max, -Vce were increased and T was decreased after the injection of Salvia miltiorrhiza. Moreover, the change of CBF was the earliest. The results proved that the Salvia miltiorrhiza could improve the left ventricular diastolic function in coronary artery stenosis.     

APPLICATION OF ACUPOINT-INJECTION THERAPY TO PAIN SYNDROME: CLINICAL ANALYSIS OF 250 CASES

In this paper,250 cases of headache,shoulder pain,lumbago and leg pain weretreated with 20％Angelicae Sinensis mixed with Vitamine B_(12) point-injection therapy.The total effective rate was 95.2％and in which the cure rate was 53.6％.Authors have found a close correlation between the effectiveness and the duration of disease.     

51例早孕妇女绒毛超氧化物歧化酶测定结果分析

本文采用改良的邻革之酚自氧化法,对51例无遗传性疾病早孕妇女绒毛细胞进行了SOD活力测定。其比活力为426.2±48.4u/mg蛋白(x±SD),测定值范围为217.2～589.1u/mg蛋白,P95>915.0u/mg蛋白。