过滤伞在颈动脉狭窄支架术中的应用价值

目的:探索过滤伞在颈动脉狭窄支架成形术中的有效性和安全性。材料和方法:20例颈动脉狭窄行支架成形术患者,均采用过滤伞保护装置,术后短期随访。大体观察回收的过滤伞,观察围手术期间死亡、脑栓塞情况以及脑缺血事件的发生。结果:全部过滤伞成功放置,支架成形术均成功实施,回收的20个过滤伞中18个发现组织碎片,无手术死亡,无症状性脑血栓栓塞,临床短期随访均无脑缺血事件发生。结论:过滤伞能有效防止脑血栓事件的发生,在颈动脉狭窄支架成形术中是安全和有效的。     

DR双能量减影骨组织像对胸部骨转移癌的诊断价值

恶性肿瘤患者发生骨转移的比例较高，文献报道，死于中晚期癌症的患者中，约有70％以上发生了骨转移，其中胸部骨(包括胸骨、肋骨、锁骨、肩胛骨和胸椎)是骨转移癌的最好发部位明确恶性肿瘤患者是否发生骨转移，对肿瘤的临床分期、治疗方案的选择、疗效的评价等均有重要的意义、胸部骨转移癌最基本、最简便的检查方法是X线摄影，然而。普通胸片对骨转移癌的检出率一直以来普遍较低。双能量减影(DES)胸部摄片是指应用密度不同的骨与软组织对能量不同的X线光子的吸收衰减方式不同的特点，     

泄浊解毒方对溃疡性结肠炎大鼠血清IL-1β、IL-10及结肠黏膜CD14的影响

目的:通过动物实验证实泄浊解毒方对溃疡性结肠炎(UC)大鼠治疗有效,并探讨其可能作用机制。方法:将40只实验大鼠随机分为空白对照组、模型对照组、柳氮磺吡啶组、中药高、低剂量组5组,除空白组外,其余4组均采用TNBS/乙醇联合造模法制造UC模型。分组灌胃治疗14 d后,分别检测大鼠血清IL-1β、IL-10、结肠黏膜CD14含量。结果:模型组较空白组IL-1β、CD14表达明显升高,IL-10表达明显下降,差异有显著性(P0.05);中药高、低剂量组、柳氮磺吡啶组较模型组IL-1β、CD14表达明显下降,IL-10表达明显升高,差异有显著性(P0.05);中药高剂量组较柳氮磺吡啶组、中药低剂量组IL-1β、CD14表达明显下降,IL-10表达明显升高,差异有显著性(P0.05)。结论:泄浊解毒方干预UC大鼠可降低血清IL-1β、升高血清IL-10、下调结肠黏膜CD14表达,这可能是其作用机制之一。     

基于UPLC-MS/MS-模式识别技术的丹灯通脑软胶囊中多种活性成分定量研究

目的建立同时测定丹灯通脑软胶囊中9种活性成分(丹参素、咖啡酸、迷迭香酸、丹酚酸B、丹酚酸A、丹参酮I、隐丹参酮、丹参酮IIA、熊果酸)量的UPLC-MS/MS分析方法,并采用模式识别技术综合评价其药物质量。方法采用UPLC-MS/MS分析检测,色谱柱为Acquity UPLC?BEH C18(50 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%甲酸水溶液,梯度洗脱,体积流量为0.2 m L/min,ESI正、负离子同时采集,除熊果酸为选择离子监测(SIR)外,其余8种成分均为多反应监测(MRM);多批次丹灯通脑软胶囊定量测定结果采用多元数据处理软件SIMCA 14.0进行模式识别分析,并评价其质量。结果在优化的色谱质谱条件下,丹参素、咖啡酸、迷迭香酸、丹酚酸B、丹酚酸A、丹参酮I、隐丹参酮、丹参酮IIA、熊果酸分别在100.0~1 000.0、1.0~10.0、8.0~80.0、120.0~1 200.0、15.0~150.0、40.0~400.0、10.0~100.0、10.0~100.0、1.2~12.0μg/m L线性关系良好(r≥0.999 6);加样回收率在98%~101%,RSD小于3%;10批丹灯通脑软胶囊中各成分的平均量分别为(4.854±0.314)、(0.063±0.005)、(0.764±0.070)、(12.937±0.648)、(1.954±0.178)、(3.623±0.221)、(0.720±0.062)、(1.437±0.116)、(0.073±0.007)mg/g;定量测定数据经SIMCA 14.0软件进行分析,分析结果表明10批丹灯通脑软胶囊质量偏差均在2 SD(标准偏差,standard deviation,SD)范围内。结论建立的UPLC-MS/MS定量分析方法简便、灵敏度高且准确性好,可用于丹灯通脑软胶囊中多种主要活性成分的快速测定;定量测定结果表明不同批次丹灯通脑软胶囊总体质量较为稳定,结果分析使用的多元数据模式识别方法可从整体上综合评价药物质量,为丹灯通脑软胶囊的质量控制研究提供新的科学依据和数据处理方法。     

青叶胆化学成分的UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS分析

目的运用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾四级杆飞行时间质谱(UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS)技术对中药青叶胆Swertia mileensis的主要化学成分进行定性分析。方法采用ACQUITY HSS T3色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm),用0.1%甲酸乙腈-0.1%甲酸水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,体积流量为0.4 m L/min,质谱使用ESI离子源,正负离子模式下采集数据,运用Masslynx4.1软件并结合Sci Finder数据库、獐牙菜属相关文献以及对照品信息进行数据分析。结果从青叶胆中鉴定出化学成分28个,包括7个环烯醚萜类、14个酮类、3个黄酮类、2个三萜类以及2个酚类。其中断马钱子苷半缩醛内酯、8-O-β-D-吡喃木糖(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-1,7-二羟基-3-甲氧基酮、3-氧去甲双酮苷和sweriyunnanlactone A为首次从该植物中发现。结论 UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS技术能够快速准确地鉴定青叶胆中的化学成分,为其质量控制和药效物质基础研究提供一种新的研究策略。     

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??OBJECTIVE To establish a new dissolution method of Ligustrazine Phosphate Pills, which provides reference for revising the quality standard. METHODS The dissolution media were hydrochloric acid solution(pH 1.2), acetate buffer solution(pH 4.5), phosphate buffer solution(pH 6.8) and water. The dissolution curves of six batches of Ligustrazine Phosphate Pills in the four kinds of dissolution media were compared to establish the dissolution method. Apparatus 2 was used for the new method of dissolution test,using 500 mL water as the dissolution medium,at the rate of 75 r??min^-1. The dissolution solution was taken at 20 min and analyzed by HPLC. The dissolution limit was set at 80%. RESULTS The dissolution curves of the six batches of samples were similar in the four kinds of dissolution media. The pills were dissolved completely within 15 min. CONCLUSION The determination method is highly reproducible, accurate and reliable, which can objectively reflect the dissolution of ligustrazine phosphate pills, and provides a basis for the reasonable unification and revision of the dissolution test of the current quality standard.     

Efficacy of Traditional Chinese Medicines in Preventing Oxaliplatin-induced Peripheral Neurotoxicity in Cancer Patients: A Network Meta-analysis

Objective Oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neurotoxicity(OIPN) is the main limitation for its continuation in cancer patients.Traditional Chinese medicines(TCMs) have been used to prevent OIPN in China and have been demonstrated to be effective.However,due to the lack of direct comparison among TCMs,it remains unclear that which TCM is the best for OIPN prevention.Consequently,the present study aimed to compare the relative efficacies of TCMs to find out the best TCM by applying a network meta-analysis.Methods Studies were identified by searching PubMed,EMbase,Cochrane Libraries,CNKI,WanFang,and WeiPu database from January 1990 to May2016.Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) that evaluated the efficacy of TCMs in preventing OIPN in cancer patients were included.Statistical analysis was performed with ADDIS 1.1 6.6.Results Twenty-five RCTs(1572 patients) involving five TCMs were included.The results of network meta-analyses showed that compared with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy alone,the combination with Huangqi Injection(HQI),Shenmai Injection(SMI),Shenfu Injection(SFI),Buyang Huanwu Decoction(BHD),and Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Decoction(HGWD) could decrease the overall OIPN incidence and the severe OIPN incidence in cancer patients.In addition,probability ranking results showed the order of efficacy in preventing overall OIPN incidence was HQI HGWD SFI =SMI BHD,while the order of efficacy in preventing severe OIPN incidence was HQI HGWD BHD SFI = SMI.Conclusion All five TCMs are effective neuroprotective agents against OIPN.Among these TCMs,HQI and HGWD were superior to others in clinical efficacy.Moreover,Astragalus membranaceus might be a more promising herb for the OIPN prevention.However,more direct head-to-head RCTs with high quality and large sample size are still needed to further confirm the conclusion.     

The quality assessment of clinical practice guidelines for intracranial aneurysms: a systematic appraisal

Neurosurgical Review - Intracranial aneurysms are common in adults. The relevant guidelines for patients with intracranial aneurysms aim to standardize the clinical practice and decision making for...