双特异性抗体治疗肿瘤的可行性研究

肽图分析是验证rhIL-2的重要手段之一.rhIL-2具有133个氨基酸,在其一级结构的序列中有四个甲硫氨酸切点,可用化学裂解的方法将甲硫氨酸肽键打开,进行肽谱分析,以对其进行验证.为了有效地对甲硫氨酸进行裂解,我们用70%甲酸溶解CNBr~2,保持CNBr的高浓度小体积,使rhIL-2在1.5mlEppedorf管中,室温条件下有效地打开甲硫氨酸肽键.同时比较了CNBr浓度、裂解时间以及在不同浓度的梯度胶中作SDS-PAGE对实验结果的影响,确定了最佳的实验条件,获得了良好的实验结果.本文虽以rhIL-2为例,但对所有带甲硫氨酸的细胞因子均可用本方法进行肽图分析.     

钢基Cu-5%Al激光熔覆层颗粒组织分布的定量分析

熔覆层中的颗粒相分布不仅影响材料性能，同时也是研究熔覆过程各种反应机制的主要依据。本文利用图像分析技术，定量分析了Ｑ２３５钢表面Ｃｕ５％Ａｌ激光熔覆层的富铁相颗粒分布情况。发现熔覆过程中在熔池中存在熔体对流环，熔池中的对流带动颗粒运动，是决定熔覆层颗粒分布的主要因素。     

针刺取穴与骨折愈合疗效关系初探

目的:初步探讨针刺取穴与骨折愈合疗效的关系,为临床研究和应用提供参考,方法选用48只体重2.0～2.5 kg的雄性纯种大耳白家兔,手术造成新鲜桡骨骨折模型,用区组随机法分为局部和邻近取穴组(A组)、远道和辨证取穴组(B组)、局部和邻近取穴加远道和辨证取穴组(C组)、空白对照组(D组)共四组,术后第一天开始对治疗组分别做电针治疗,于术后7 d、14 d、28 d取材做血液生化学、生物力学、放射学、组织学的观测.比较各组间上述指标的差别.结果:血清碱性磷酸酶含量14 d时A组和C组明显高于B组和D组(P＜0.01),骨折标本抗弯强度在28 d时A组和C组明显高于B组和D组(P＜0.01),X线量化评分14 d和28d时A组和C组明显高于B组和D组(P＜0.05),在各个时段各个指标A组与C组、B组与D组比较均无显著差异(P>0.05).结论:局部和邻近取穴能明显促进骨折愈合,而且具有操作简便,易于推广等优点,远道和辨证取穴则效果不明显,与前者合用也没有明显增强前者的疗效.     

支气管动脉灌注化疗栓塞术治疗肺癌的护理

目的　探讨预防及减少肺癌患者行支气管动脉灌注化疗栓塞 (BAE)术后并发症的有效护理方法 ,提高其生活质量。方法　对 2 0 0 2年 2月～ 2 0 0 3年 8月 2 0例行BAE的原发性肺癌患者进行术后观察和护理。结论　术前充分合理的准备、术中对化疗药物充分混匀、控制注射速度、术后正确拨管、动态观察局部血运等能有效预防BAE所致胸痛、出血及脊髓损伤等并发症的发生。对局部化疗药物副反应引起恶心呕吐 ,脊髓抑制等现象 ,应严格执行无菌操作 ,采取保护性隔离措施 ,可增强患者机体抵抗力 ,提高生存质量。     

异环磷酰胺治疗晚期恶性肿瘤病人42例的护理体会

目的　总结采用联合异环磷酰胺化疗的晚期恶性肿瘤人护理对策。方法　对 4 2例晚期恶性肿瘤病人采用联合异环磷酰胺方案化疗 ,全程观察治疗过程所出现的护理问题 ,记录并总结其要点。结果　4 2例病人顺利度过化疗期 ,心理表现也正常。结论　护士熟悉药物的特性和毒性反应 ,及早预防、及时处理和加强毒性反应护理 ,才能保证化疗的顺利进行。     

Prenatal X-irradiation increases GFAP- and calbindin D28k-immunoreactivity in the medial subdivision of the nucleus of solitary tract in the rat

Glial fibrillary acidic protein- (GFAP) and calbindin D28k-immunoreactivity (IR) were investigated in the medial subdivision of the nucleus of the solitary tract (mNST) of prenatally X-irradiated rats. Pregnant rats were exposed to a single whole-body X-irradiation on day 11 or 16 of gestation at a dose of 1. 3 Gy. The offspring were killed at 7-14 days of age for the immunohistochemical observations. Rat pups showed strong GFAP-IR at the level rostral to the obex when receiving X-rays on day 11 of gestation, with hypertrophy of astrocyte cell bodies and cytoplasmic processes, but weak GFAP-IR when receiving X-rays on day 16 of gestation. Calbindin D28k-IR was stronger in the animals receiving X-rays on day 11 or 16 of gestation compared to that in the control animals. In the present study, the increase of GFAP- and calbindin D28k-IR cells in the mNST might indicate that adaptative mechanisms are taking place to preserve integrated nervous system function and possibly, to provide neuroprotection.     

内皮素受体拮抗剂治疗充血性心衰一项meta分析

目的初步评价内皮素拮抗剂治疗心衰的效果和安全性。方法借助循证医学检索途径和方法筛选出临床随机对照试验(RCTs),数据用Revman4.2软件进行分析。结果共入选13个临床随机对照试验(RCT)4137名患者,其中3个试验评价了心脏指数改善情况,5个试验评价死亡和心衰恶化,4个试验评价其它副作用。心脏指数改善的总效应为:WMD(加权均数差)0.47,95%可信区间(CI)[0.36,0.57](P<0.00001)。Tezosentan<50mg/h、50mg/h和100mg/h三组比较具有相似的效果及副作用,而副作用有随剂量增加的趋势。作为主要终点指标死亡率和心衰恶化两组相似(RR=1.00,95%CI[0.89,1.13](P=0.89),而其它副作用事件发生率则存在明显差异(RR=1.28,95%CI[1.13,1.44](P<0.0001)。结论内皮素拮抗剂可改善心衰患者的心脏指数,但长期效应尚未得到证实。治疗组患者副作用发生常见,并呈剂量依赖性。内皮素拮抗剂的长期效果还需要设计更完善、纳入例数更多的临床随机对照试验加以阐明。     

Protein kinase C iota protects neural cells against apoptosis induced by amyloid beta-peptide

Protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms are increasingly recognized as playing important roles in the regulation of neuronal plasticity and survival. Recent findings from studies of non-neuronal cells suggest that atypical isoforms of PKC can modulate apoptosis in various paradigms. Because increasing data support a role for neuronal apoptosis in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), we tested the hypothesis that PKCiota (PKCiota) can modify vulnerability of neural cells to apoptosis induced by amyloid beta-peptide (ABP), a cytotoxic peptide linked to neuronal degeneration in AD. Overexpression of PKCiota increased the resistance of PC12 cells to apoptosis induced by ABP. Associated with the increased resistance to apoptosis were improved mitochondrial function and reduced activity of caspases. In addition, ABP-induced increases in levels of oxidative stress and intracellular calcium levels were attenuated in cells overexpressing PKCiota. These findings suggest that PKCiota prevents apoptosis induced by ABP by interrupting the cell death process at a very early step, thereby allowing the cells to maintain ion homeostasis and mitochondrial function.     

Why the prevention strategies are in low priority？

It is a puzzle to many researchers that with so extensive resources, so advanced technology, and so urgent need the world over, so little has been done to alleviate the suffering of the people. Why is it so difficult to develop the prevention and health promotion strategies？ This paper tries to discuss the issue.     

The expression of TRPA1 mRNA in the rat brain

Objective： To investigate the distribution of TRPA1 （one kind of the TRP-like ion channel family） channel in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of rat. Methods： RT-PCR was used to amplify the fragment of TRPA1 in the DRG （dorsal root ganglion）, hippocampus and cerebral cortex of adult SD rat. In situ hybridization staining was used to show the distribution of TRPA1 mRNA in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of adult rat brain. Results： Both RT-PCR and in situ hybridization staining showed that TRPA1 mRNA was expressed in hippocampus and cerebral cortex of the adult rat brain. Conclusion： Our results suggest that there is expression of TRPA1 mRNA both in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of the adult rat brain.