牛蒡甙元对老年大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的 探究牛蒡甙元对老年大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤模型的影响.方法 建立老年大鼠肾缺血再灌注损伤模型,采用随机数字表法将大鼠随机分为6组:假手术组(Sham组)、牛蒡甙元组(ACR组)、肾缺血再灌注模型组(RIRI组)、RIRI+ACR(10 mg/kg)组、RIRI+ACR(20 mg/kg)组和RIRI+ACR(50 m...     

低谷蛋白大米(W0868)对小鼠营养状况及肾功能的影响

目的 研究低谷蛋白大米(W0868)饮食对小鼠营养状况及肾功能的影响.方法 雄性6～8周龄C57/BL6雄性小鼠30只,采用随机数字表法分为常规饲料组、正常大米组和低谷蛋白大米组(n=30).常规饲料组给予常规鼠粮,普通大米组给予普通大米与常规饲料1:1混合的普通米饲料,低谷蛋白大米组给予低谷蛋白大米与常规饲料1:1混...     

A facile fluorescent sensor based on nitrogen-doped carbon dots derived from Listeria monocytogenes for highly selective and visual detection of iodide and pH

Sensitive and visual analysis of iodide (I⁻) and pH is significant in environmental and food applications. Herein, we present a facile fluorescent sensor for highly selective and visual detection of I⁻ and pH based on nitrogen-doped carbon dots derived from Listeria monocytogenes (NCDs-LM). The NCDs-LM-based fluorescent sensor showed a good linear relationship to I⁻ concentrations, and the detection limit was calculated as 20 nmol L⁻¹. The developed sensor was successfully applied to the detection of I⁻ in drinking water and milk samples. Meanwhile, the as-synthesized NCDs-LM sensor can be used to detect pH, achieving a wide linear pH range. Furthermore, fluorescent test papers based on NCDs-LM were designed for semi-quantitative detection of I⁻ and pH via the naked-eye colorimetric assay. The present work indicates that the NCDs-LM-based fluorescent sensor has high potential for use in environmental monitoring and food analysis.

Listeria monocytogenes-derived nitrogen-doped carbon dots served as a facile fluorescent sensor with excellent sensing performances for iodide with low detection limit of 20 nmol L⁻¹ and wide pH range from 1.81 to 11.82.     

慢性重型病毒性肝炎的终末期肝病模型预后分析

目的评估终末期肝病模型（Modelfor End-Stage Liver Disease，MELD）评分系统慢性重型病毒性肝炎患者短期（3个月）预后的预测能力及临床应用价值，并求出作为判断患者3个月内死亡与否的MELD最佳临界值。方法分析我院2003年～2005年收治的391例慢性重型病毒性肝炎患者的临床资料，应用MELD模型公式对每个患者进行评分，观察3月内的死亡率。结果236例在3个月内死亡，病死率为60．6％。MELD分值在小于30、30～40和大于40的患者的病死率分别为38．1％（86／226）、87．6％（106／121）和100％（44／44）。应用该模型预测患者3个月内死亡与否的最佳MELD临界值为28.c-statistic为0．837，敏感性为69．2％，特异性为86．4％。MELD分值与血清胆红素、肌酐、凝血酶原时间呈明显正相关，与预后情况呈显著负相关。结论MELD分值能够作为反映重型肝炎患者病情严重程度的指标，患者短期内（3个月）死亡危险性随MELD分值的增加而上升，MELD模型能较准确预测慢性重型病毒性肝炎患者短期的临床预后。     

microRNA介导的基因工程病毒减毒株研究进展

为了安全有效地进行基因治疗,需要把转染的基因限制在特定组织中表达。应用miRNA调节病毒基因表达是一个新方法。在miRNA介导的转基因表达系统中,可以将与miRNA互补的靶序列串联插入病毒基因3’非编码区域,导致在miRNA高表达细胞中抑制病毒的表达。我们总结了miRNA介导的病毒减毒株的应用。     

探讨TP与TAC方案对不同BRCA1表现型三阴性乳腺癌的临床疗效

本研究旨在探讨多西他赛联合卡铂(TP)与多西他赛联合多柔比星与环磷酰胺(TAC)两种新辅助化疗对可手术三阴性乳腺癌的临床疗效以及BRCA1基因表达差异的疗效对比并进行探讨,选取62例三阴性乳腺癌患者作为研究对象,采用回顾性分析的方法,把入选病例分为TP组与TAC组,其中TP组患者采取多西他赛联合卡铂进行治疗,TAC组患者接受多西他赛联合多柔比星与环磷酰胺进行治疗,对两组患者的临床疗效以及与BRCA1基因阴性表达患者的总生存期与无进展生存时间关系进行对比分析。结果表明TP组近期临床疗效显著好于TAC组,同时TP组毒副作用较轻且两组之间具有显著性差异(P＜0.05);BRCA1表达为阴性的患者接受TP化疗生存期以及生存质量显著提高,因此本研究认为多西他赛联合卡铂化疗对三阴性乳腺癌的临床疗效较好且无严重不良反应,同时BRCA1阴性的患者效果显著好于阳性患者,值得临床推广.     

A tumor hypoxic niche protects human colon cancer stem cells from chemotherapy

Purpose

Hypoxia has been found to play an important role in regulating the biological characteristics of cancer stem cells (cCSCs). In this study, we tested whether a tumor hypoxic niche serves to the chemotherapeutic resistance of colon cCSCs.

Methods

Each of 23 fresh samples of human colon adenocarcinoma was transplanted into nude mice. The tumor-bearing mice randomly and equally received (A) saline, (B) 5-fluorouracil (15 mg/kg), (C) oxaliplatin (10 mg/kg), and (D) oxaliplatin plus 5-fluorouracil when xenografts reached 250 mm³ (n = 10). After 2-week treatment, tumor cells were quantified by flow cytometry for expression of CD133 and the hypoxic proportion of CD133⁺ and CD133^? cells which were also sorted and detected for ki67 and pimonidazole via immunofluorescence.

Results

The hypoxic subpopulation of CD133⁺ and CD133^? cells was 66.5 and 26.4 %, respectively. Although there was no marked change for the hypoxic subpopulation of CD133⁺ cells after treatment, the hypoxic fraction of proliferative CD133⁺ cells was increased by 14.62, 16.45, and 20.46 % in groups B, C, and D, respectively. Furthermore, proliferative cells in CD133⁺ and CD133^? cells were reduced by 29.93 and 62.5 % in group C, and by 25.26 and 68.22 % in group D; in group B, however, the proliferative CD133⁺ cells were increased by 37.09 %; the CD133^? cells were unchanged.

Conclusions

Most CD133⁺ cCSCs are located in a hypoxic niche, where cCSCs are better at retaining proliferating property under chemotherapy. Oxaliplatin, rather than 5-FU, inhibits proliferation of cCSCs, which may be the mechanism underlying a better outcome by oxaliplatin in colon cancer patients.     

Hepatocyte growth factor exerts its anti-inflammatory action by disrupting nuclear factor-kappaB signaling

Renal inflammation, characterized by the influx of inflammatory cells, is believed to play a critical role in the initiation and progression of a wide range of chronic kidney diseases. Here, we show that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) inhibited renal inflammation and proinflammatory chemokine expression by disrupting nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB signaling. In vivo, HGF gene delivery inhibited interstitial infiltration of inflammatory T cells and macrophages, and suppressed expression of both RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in a mouse model of obstructive nephropathy. In vitro, HGF abolished RANTES induction in human kidney epithelial cells, which was dependent on NF-kappaB signaling. HGF did not significantly affect the phosphorylation or degradation of IkappaBalpha; it also did not influence the phosphorylation or nuclear translocation of p65 NF-kappaB. However, HGF prevented p65 NF-kappaB binding to its cognate cis-acting element in the RANTES promoter. HGF action was dependent on the activation of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathway, which led to the phosphorylation and inactivation of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3beta. Suppression of GSK-3beta activity mimicked HGF and abolished RANTES expression, whereas ectopic expression of GSK-3beta restored RANTES induction. HGF also induced renal GSK-3beta phosphorylation and inactivation after obstructive injury in vivo. These observations suggest that HGF is a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine that inhibits renal inflammation by disrupting NF-kappaB signaling and may be a promising therapeutic agent for progressive renal diseases.