钚促排药物的设计与合成

利用仿生化学的原理，本文设计并合成了两个儿茶酚胺类和两个羟基吡啶酮类八配位的螯合剂，初步动物试验表明，具有较强的钚促排能力。     

带血管蒂岛状筋膜瓣移植治疗晚期类风湿性髋关节炎

目的：阐明带血管蒂岛状筋膜瓣移植治疗晚期类风湿性髋关节炎的疗效。材料和方法：对４２例４８髋晚期类风湿性髋关节炎病人采用以旋股外侧血管降支为蒂的股前外侧筋膜瓣移植行患髋成形术。结果：术后随访４～１０．５年，平均４．５年，髋关节活动范围术前平均１６．５°，术后２２８．６°，按照Ｃｈａｒｎｌｅｙ和吴之康人工髋关节置换术后的疗效评定标准，优良２９髋、很好１３髋、好６髋，尚可、差、很差无。结论：患者年龄在１５～４０岁之间为合适的治疗年龄。与人工髋关节置换术相比，本方法对髋关节正常结构破坏小；一旦手术失败仍可选用其它治疗方法弥补；且并发症少、费用低、远期效果好。     

医学美学与美容医学的整体学科研究

回顾医学美学与美容医学形成独立的学科系统的十多年来的发展历程，认为这个新兴学科在“整体学科”方面还存在一些学术问题有待人们进一步探讨。并认为，所谓“整体学科研究”是遵循该学科发展的内在规律所进行的各项研究的总和，是该学科发展的灵魂。学者们的任务在于：通过“整体学科研究”寻求其学科内在规律，经一代代同道有志者坚持不懈的努力，达到学科完善的目的。     

Selection of Streptococcus pneumoniae Mutants Having Reduced Susceptibility to Moxifloxacin and Levofloxacin

With Streptococcus pneumoniae, moxifloxacin was 4- and 10-fold more effective than levofloxacin at restricting selection of resistant mutants and at killing resistant mutants, respectively. The selection frequency for first-step topoisomerase mutants was 1,000 times lower for moxifloxacin than for levofloxacin; this difference was lost when second-step mutants were selected.     

Genome-wide scan identified QTLs underlying femoral neck cross-sectional geometry that are novel studied risk factors of osteoporosis.

A genome-wide screen was conducted using a large white sample to identify QTLs for FNCS geometry. We found significant linkage of FNCS parameters to 20q12 and Xq25, plus significant epistatic interactions and sex-specific QTLs influencing FNCS geometry variation. INTRODUCTION: Bone geometry, a highly heritable trait, is a critical component of bone strength that significantly determines osteoporotic fracture risk. Specifically, femoral neck cross-sectional (FNCS) geometry is significantly associated with hip fracture risk as well as genetic factors. However, genetic research in this respect is still in its infancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To identify the underlying genomic regions influencing FNCS variables, we performed a remarkably large-scale whole genome linkage scan involving 3998 individuals from 434 pedigrees for four FNCS geometry parameters, namely buckling ratio (BR), cross-sectional area (CSA), cortical thickness (CT), and section modulus (Z). The major statistical approach adopted is the variance component method implemented in SOLAR. RESULTS: Significant linkage evidence (threshold LOD = 3.72 after correction for tests of multiple phenotypes) was found in the regions of 20q12 and Xq25 for CT (LOD = 4.28 and 3.90, respectively). We also identified eight suggestive linkage signals (threshold LOD = 2.31 after correction for multiple tests) for the respective geometry traits. The above findings were supported by principal component linkage analysis. Of them, 20q12 was of particular interest because it was linked to multiple FNCS geometry traits and significantly interacted with five other genomic loci to influence CSA variation. The effects of 20q12 on FNCS geometry were present in both male and female subgroups. Subgroup analysis also revealed the presence of sex-specific quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for FNCS traits in the regions such as 2p14, 3q26, 7q21 and 15q21. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings laid a foundation for further replication and fine-mapping studies as well as for positional and functional candidate gene studies, aiming at eventually finding the causal genetic variants and hidden mechanisms concerning FNCS geometry variation and the associated hip fractures.     

功能性消化不良的突出症状与临床特征及病理生理学机制的关系

背景与目的：功能性消化不良（FD）被认为是一类由不同病理生理原因导致的多种机能紊乱而促发的症状。Rome Ⅱ委员会建议将具有同种病理生理学及临床特征的FD患划分为感觉明显疼痛组和感觉不适组两个亚组。该研究旨在分析显疼痛或感觉不适与病理生理学机制间的关系，评价是否考虑到个体的显性症状将会产生更好的结果。方法：持续性FD患（n=720；489例女性；年龄41．3±0．6岁）填写消化不良调查问卷并确定出最令人烦恼的症状。分析此显症状在人口统计学、临床、病理生理学特点上的相互联系（研究592例患幽门螺杆菌感染、胃排空情况，对332例患行胃敏感性、顺应性试验）。结果：根据Rome Ⅱ标准，22％疼痛明显，78％不适感明显。疼痛明显的患超敏性的发生率较高（44％ vs 25％），且在这些病例中观察到的胃排空迟缓较少出现（16％ vs 26％），但是有较多的重叠。详细分析表明可能有8种消化不良症状其中之一较为突出。     

不经胸食管钝性剥离拔脱术的临床应用

应用不经胸食管钝性剥离拔脱术治疗26例咽下癌与高位食管癌,效果良好,术后5例发生开发症,其中颈部吻合口痿3例,暂时性咳呛1例,腹部切口局限裂开1例。手术死亡率7.6%(2/26)。介绍了手术方法,对不经胸施术、胃体缝缩、颈部食管胃Gambee氏吻合法应用进行了讨论。     

痧病的诊治体会

痧病在中医院校的教科书上并无专门的论述,而在春夏之季的农村则尤为常见。痧病有其临床表现特征,在治疗上也有许多简、便、验、廉且易行的方法。笔者在农村从事医疗工作多年,深感有必要对此加以研究或整理,使人们有一正确的认识。兹就痧病的诊疗谈谈个人的一点体会。1典型病例案1:刘某,男,24岁,学生,1997年7月25日初诊。因身重、肢体酸痛、胸闷1周而求诊。1周前因劳动时淋“毛毛雨”,感觉乏力,身重,全身肌肉酸痛,胸闷,饮食不振,纳谷乏味,微恶风寒,头胀痛,头重,颈项不适,大小便正常。前医诊为“风寒湿型感冒”,应用西药速效伤风胶囊及中药荆…     

Stimulation of tumor growthin vitro andin vivo by suramin on the VX2 model

Suramin is an antitrypanosomal compound with confirmed efficacy against several human malignancies. It is generally assumed that its mechanism of action includes the interaction with different growth factors, unlike most of the anticancer drugs. Its anticancer activity has not been testedin vivo against squamous cell carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy and toxicity of suraminin vivo andin vitro on the VX2 tumor model at therapeutic monitored plasma concentrations. We determined the pharmacokinetics of suramin in rabbits, and modelized its administration in order to obtain plasma concentrations between 150 and 300 μg/ml throughout the treatment course of 3 weeks. Under these conditions, antitumor effects of suramin were evaluatedin vivo by comparing liver tumor involvement in suramin-treated and control rabbits. Liver involvement was quantified by image analysis andin vitro effects were also determined at the same concentrations.In vivo, suramin promoted liver tumor growth significantly (p<0.05), compared to untreated controls.In vitro, suramin significantly stimulated tumor cell growth at concentrations above 200 μg/ml (p<0.01). Suramin may have stimulatory effects on tumor growth in squamous cell carcinoma at relevant plasma drug concentrations. Caution should be taken in further trials in patients with squamous cell carcinomas.