紫杉醇聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米粒对人卵巢癌细胞的毒性

目的:评价制备紫杉醇聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯纳米粒(PTX-PBCA-NPs)的原料的生物安全性以及PTX-PBCA-NPs的细胞毒性。方法:采用四噻唑蓝法(MTT法)和检测乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性的方法考察空白PBCA-NPs及其聚合的原料、PTX-PBCA-NPs对L-02人正常肝细胞、卵巢癌敏感株(A2780)和卵巢癌耐紫杉醇肿瘤细胞株(A2780/T)的细胞毒性。结果:制备的空白PBCA-NPs只有在大于608 ng·mL-1时,对于L-02细胞具有明显的毒性(P<0.05);在质量浓度304～608 ng·mL-1,空白PBCA-NPs对A2780和A2780/T细胞有明显毒性(P<0.05)。与同一浓度PTX溶液比较,PTX-PBCA-NPs对A2780和A2780/T细胞的毒性作用明显(P<0.05)。结论:空白PBCA-NPs有一定的生物安全性,PTX-PBCA-NPs在对卵巢癌肿瘤细胞有一定的杀伤能力。     

STEMI病人rt-PA溶栓后即刻介入治疗的安全性及效果

目的探讨急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)病人应用重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rt-PA)溶栓后即刻介入治疗的安全性及效果。方法急性STEMI病人98例,随机分为溶栓后即刻介入治疗组(A组)及溶栓后保守治疗组(B组)。应用rt-PA溶栓后,A组病人即刻行冠状动脉造影,必要时行支架置入术;B组病人则采用基本药物治疗。观察并记录两组住院期间死亡及出血等并发症的发生情况,术后1周心功能情况及出院后6个月不良事件发生情况。结果两组病人院内死亡及出血并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.29、0.16,P>0.05)。住院1周,A组左心室舒张末内径小于B组,左心室射血分数高于B组,血清B型利钠肽(BNP)水平低于B组,差异有统计学意义(t=5.00～5.94,P<0.05)。随访6个月,A组心脏性死亡及复合终点事件发生率低于B组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.11～5.03,P<0.05)。结论急性STEMI病人rt-PA溶栓后即刻介入治疗是安全的,且对病人的心功能及预后均有益。     

某省初中教师心理健康状况研究

[目的]了解初中教师的心理健康状况,为加强学校的心理健康工作,促进学生的心理健康提供参考.[方法]使用症状自评量表对183名初中教师进行调查,使用SPSS13.0对数据进行统计分析.[结果]心理健康较差的教师占调查教师总体的比例为21.86％,比较突出的心理健康问题主要有强迫、敌对、睡眠及饮食问题、人际关系敏感;省内初中教师心理健康状况比全国正常人的水平低,因子分有显著差异;初中教师的心理健康总体状况及各因子状况无性别、年龄的差异.[结论]省内初中教师的心理健康状况存在一定问题,有待改善.     

79株结核分支杆菌基因分型研究及耐药相关分析

目的通过多位点可变数目串联重复序列(MLVA)分型方法,结合流行病学资料,探讨绵阳地区结核分支杆菌的基因型特征,为本地结核病的防治研究提供科学依据。方法收集结核分支杆菌菌株和患者资料,采用国际上推荐的15个可变串联重复序列位点进行基因分型,应用BioNumerics(Version5.0)软件进行聚类分析,药物敏感性试验采用比例法,率的比较采用χ2检验。结果共对79株结核分支杆菌进行了基因检测,结果显示高度的基因多态性。QUB-11b、MIRU26、Mtub 21和MIRU 16分辨能力更高(HGI>0.7),位点MIRU 4、ETR-A和ETR-C显示分辨能力相对较低(HGI<0.4)。79株菌分为7个基因群,以Ⅲ群和Ⅴ群为主,Ⅲ群占46.8%,Ⅴ群占41.8%,其它群所含菌株较少。复治患者在Ⅲ群、Ⅴ群和其他群中所占比例分别为32.43%、21.21%和11.11%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Ⅴ群中菌株耐药率高达36.36%,明显高于Ⅲ群(10.81%)和其他群(11.11%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论初步证实绵阳地区结核分支杆菌具有明显的基因多态性,主要流行型为Ⅲ群和Ⅴ群,主要耐药型为Ⅴ群,应加强Ⅲ群和Ⅴ群菌株的流行监控,加强Ⅴ群菌株的耐药性监测。     

肉桂醛微乳的制备及其抑菌活性研究

目的 制备肉桂醛微乳并考察其溶解量、稳定性和抑菌活性。方法 采用相转化法初步筛选出可行的表面活性剂,再采用伪三元相图法选择最佳的表面活性剂并制样,用UV法测定肉桂醛最大溶解量。用透射电子显微镜观察其形态,纳米粒度分析仪测量其粒径及分布。在不同处理条件下观察变化以评价其稳定性。通过测定其对不同细菌及真菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）评价其抑菌活性。结果 制备出澄清透明的肉桂醛微乳,最佳表面活性剂是聚氧乙烯氢化蓖麻油-40（RH40）;肉桂醛的最大溶解量是（98.88±0.31）mg/mL;肉桂醛微乳的稳定性良好,在本实验的处理条件下均保持澄清透明;肉桂醛微乳对所选细菌的MIC集中在125 μg/mL,对所选真菌的MIC介于16～62 μg/mL。结论 制备的肉桂醛微乳具有较大的载药量、良好的稳定性和较好抑菌效果,达到预期目标。     

遗传变异与非酒精性脂肪肝病的研究进展

非酒精性脂肪肝病是遗传-环境-代谢相关性疾病,是西方国家最常见的慢性肝病,在我国是继病毒性肝炎后第二位常见肝病,常与肥胖、2型糖尿病、血脂紊乱、高血压等代谢综合征(meta-bolic syndrome,MS)症状并存,近年来其患病率逐年增加,已成为引起慢性肝病及血清氨基酸转移酶水平升高的主要原因之一。近几年非酒精性脂肪肝病与遗传基础的关系越来越受到关注。本文综述了脂肪酸代谢、胰岛素抵抗、氧化应激、细胞因子等与非酒精性脂肪肝病相关的遗传变异的研究进展。     

药物化疗及健康教育综合防治华支睾吸虫病的效果

目的统计分析佛山市顺德区2009-2010年人群华支睾吸虫感染率、危害程度和人群防治知识知晓率等,评价药物化疗及健康教育等综合防治措施的效果,为今后有效预防控制华支睾吸虫感染、减少其所带来的社会及经济负担提供依据和实践经验。方法根据历史资料,在感染率相近的两个镇各选择一个村作为观察组和对照组,两组均开展健康教育,但观察组除健康教育外还对感染人群进行群体性服药,观察组人群不服药。干预前后分别检查人群华支睾吸虫感染率,并对部分人群进行B超、肝功能及防治知识知晓率和行为规范率等的检查和调查。结果观察组与对照组人群防治知识知晓率及行为规范率均显著提高;观察组人群干预前后华支睾吸虫感染率由63.0%下降至32.2%(χ2=165.64,P<0.05);B超检查肝胆异常率由85.5%下降至62.8%(χ2=17.58,P<0.05);肝功能异常率由22.7%下降为12.0%(χ2=4.33,P<0.05),干预前后差异均有统计学意义;而对照组人群上述检测指标干预前后差异无统计学意义。结论健康教育可以提高人群防治知识和行为水平,若结合药物化疗等综合防治措施可真正降低人群华支睾吸虫感染率,减少华支睾吸虫对人体的危害,从而减少由此带来的社会和经济负担。     

评估体外循环过程中三种血液回收设备对红细胞功能的影响

目的评估三种血液回收设备在体外循环（CPB）回收清洗过程中对红细胞功能的影响。方法将30例CPB的成年患者随机分配3组：C组（CellSaver5^＋;Haemonetics,n=10）,M组（Autolog;Medtronic,n=10）和F组（CATS;FreseniusHe-moCa．re,n=10）。分别从回收罐及清洗后的输血袋中采血样。对其进行红细胞聚集指数（AI）,变形性指数（DI）,红细胞比容（Hct）并校正的全血黏度（HV）,2,3-二磷酸甘油酸（2,3-DPG）,Het,血红蛋白（Hb）,葡萄糖（Glu）,乳酸（Lac）,血尿素氮（BUN）,游离血红蛋白清除率（AFHB）的比较。结果经血液处理后,AI值在三组之间没有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。DI值c组和M组与F比较有相对较高的DI值（P〈0．05）。同时M组有最低的HV（P〈0．05）。△2,3-DPGc组较低,与M组和F组比较有极显著差异（P〈0．01）。Hct和HbF组〉C组〉M组。C组和M组具有较高AFHB,于F组相比均有显著统计学差异（P〈0．05）。结论三种血液回收设备具有相同的以离心为基础的工作原理,但基于其设计的不同,对处理过的红细胞功能的影响,以及对有害物质的清除效果在不同的设备之间却有明显的差异。     

Vitamin E (D-alpha-tocopheryl-co-poly(ethylene glycol) 1000 succinate) micelles-superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for enhanced thermotherapy and MRI

We synthesized vitamin E TPGS (d-α-Tocopheryl-co-poly(ethylene glycol) 1000 succinate) micelles for superparamagnetic iron oxides formulation for nanothermotherapy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which showed better thermal and magnetic properties, and in vitro cellular uptake and lower cytotoxicity as well as better in vivo therapeutic and imaging effects in comparison with the commercial Resovist and the Pluronic F127 micelles reported in the recent literature. The superparamagnetic iron oxides originally coated with oleic acid and oleylamine were formulated in the core of the TPGS micelles using a simple solvent-exchange method. The IOs-loaded TPGS showed greatest colloidal stability due to the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of vitamin E TPGS. Highly monodisperse and water soluble suspension was obtained which were stable in 0.9% normal saline for a period of 12 days. The micelles were characterized for their size and size distribution. Their morphology was examined through transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The enhanced thermal and superparamagnetic properties of the IOs-loaded TPGS micelles were assessed. Cellular uptake and cytotoxicity were investigated in vitro with MCF-7 cancer cells. Relaxivity study showed that the IOs-loaded TPGS micelles can have better effects for T2-weighted imaging using MRI. T2 mapped images of xenograft grown on SCID mice showed that the TPGS micelle formulation of IOs had ～1.7 times and ～1.05 times T2 decrease at the tumor site compared to Resovist and the F127 micelle formulation, respectively.     

Shared genetic contributions to anxiety disorders and pathological gambling in a male population

Background

Pathological gambling (PG) frequently co-occurs with anxiety disorders. However, the extent to which the co-occurrence is related to genetic or environmental factors across PG and anxiety disorders is not known.

Method

Data from the Vietnam Era Twin Registry (n = 7869, male twins) were examined in bivariate models to estimate genetic and shared and unique environmental contributions to PG and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and PG and panic disorder (PD).

Results

While both genetic and unique environmental factors contributed individually to PG, GAD, and PD, the best fitting model indicated that the relationship between PG and GAD was attributable predominantly to shared genetic contributions (r_A = 0.53). In contrast, substantial correlations were observed between both the genetic (r_A = 0.34) and unique environmental (r_E = 0.31) contributions to PG and PD.

Limitations

Results may be limited to middle aged males.

Conclusions

The existence of shared genetic contributions between PG and both GAD and PD suggests that specific genes, perhaps those involved in affect regulation or stress responsiveness, contribute to PG and anxiety disorders. Overlapping environmental contributions to the co-occurrence of PG and PD suggest that common life experiences (e.g., early life trauma) contribute to both PG and PD. Conversely, the data suggest that distinct environmental factors contribute to PG and GAD (e.g., early onset of gambling in PG). Future studies should examine the relationship between PG and anxiety disorders amongst other populations (women and adolescents) to identify specific genetic and environmental influences that account for the manifestation of these disorders and their co-occurrences.