Long-term results of the Hassab operation in portal hypertension: 10 year's follow-up

Seventy-three patients with portal hypertension who underwent Hassab operation before June 30, 1976 and were alive postoperatively were analysed. Among these patients, portal hypertension was caused by hepatic schistosomiasis in fifty-seven, and by portal cirrhosis in seventeen. According to Child's classification there were 14 in class A, 19 in class B, 30 in class C, and 10 were not classified. Thirty-two patients were subjected to therapeutic operation, forty-one to prophylactic operation. Seventy-one patients were followed-up (97.3%). The postoperative 5, 10 and 15 year cumulative survival rate were 85.5%, 75.8%, and 70.4% respectively. The survival rates in Child A, B patients were much higher than that in Child C patients (P less than 0.05). The postoperative bleeding rate was 11.3%, and the bleeding most often occurred in 1-9 year postoperatively. The esophageal varices disappeared in 64.3% of patients; ascites disappeared in 91.7% of patients; liver function improving or unchanging was seen in 93.6% of patients. There was no postoperative encephalopathy. Long term follow-up showed no difference in patient's survival rate between hepatic schistosomiasis and portal cirrhosis.     

In vitro antibacterial activity of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa seeds against multiple drug-resistant isolates of Shigella spp. and isolates of Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli

The antibacterial activity of the volatile oil of Nigella sativa seeds was studied against 37 isolates of Shigella dysenteriae 1, Shigella flexneri, Shigella sonnei and Shigella boydii and 10 strains of Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli. Most of the strains were clinically resistant to ampicillin, co-trimoxazole and tetracycline. All the strains tested showed promising sensitivity to the volatile oil. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the volatile oil for Shigella, Vibrio and Escherichia strains tested was between 50–400 μg/mL.     

Angiosarcoma of the femur following chronic osteomyelitis]

Available literature concerning neoplastic metaplasia of the bone undergoing chronic osteomyelitis has been cited. The treatment of 62 years old patient with lasting 47 years chronic osteomyelitis of the femur after shotgun wound was presented in details. The diagnosis of angiosarcoma following chronic osteomyelitis has been established histologically. The extremity has been amputated with good result--no metastasis or recurrence was found during follow-up.     

5名电离辐射事故患者外周血T细胞T细胞抗原受体、T细胞分化抗原决定簇－3效应的研究

文中报道了５名事故性急性骨髓型放射病患者照后２．５和３．５年外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞Ｔ细胞受体（ＴＣＲ）基因，ＴＣＲ、Ｔ细胞分化抗原决定簇－３（ＣＤ_３）表达与ＴＣＲ／ＣＤ_３复合物功能的辐射效应．发现５名患者于照后２．５年，２名（５．２Ｇｙ和２．４Ｇｙ，５５岁）于照后３．５年外周血Ｔ细胞应答抗ＣＤ３单抗刺激而增殖的能力尚未完全恢复；经同时用ＩＬ－２和抗ＣＤ_３单抗刺激，增殖能力比单用抗ＣＤ_３单抗刺激有所增强；后２名的外周血ＴＣＲ、ＣＤ_３阳性细胞百分率一直低于正常对照和其他患者；并见一患者出现ＤＮＡ重排杂交带型．本文并从ＴＣＲ／ＣＤ_３在介导Ｔ细胞抗原刺激反应中的作用，电离辐射对ＴＣＲ／ＣＤ_３复合物的影响，后果和意义等方面进行了讨论．     

Further evidence for differential regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH): increased FSH and decreased LH levels in a patient with familial pure gonadal dysgenesis.

There is experimental evidence that a portion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion is independent of hypothalamic influences. A 29 year old woman with familial pure gonadal dysgenesis developed myelodysplastic syndrome. Endocrine investigations showed discrepancy between serum FSH and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels. FSH levels remained elevated while LH levels decreased. The FSH to LH ratio was 10 (normal 2-2.5). The fall in LH is likely to be due to factor(s) involved directly and specifically in LH synthesis and release. Exogenous LH releasing hormone administration as well as hormonal replacement treatment increased LH levels. The FSH to LH ratio decreased to 7. This case supports the hypothesis of differential regulation of FSH and LH, and that FSH secretion is at least partly autonomous.     

Brain microvascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells produce granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and support colony formation of granulocyte-macrophage-like cells.

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a potent stimulator of macrophages and neutrophils and plays a role in inflammatory diseases. In this article, we report that mouse brain-derived microvascular smooth muscle cells (SM) and endothelial cells (En) in coculture with splenocytes support the colony proliferation of immature granulocyte-macrophage-like (GM) cells. Unstimulated SM and En cells release GM-CSF as shown by ELISA assay and SM expresses mRNA for GM-CSF by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Stimulation of SM and En by a nonspecific activator (lipopolysaccharide) results in upregulation of GM-CSF production. GM colonies cannot be grown on cultured astrocytes or on extracellular matrix alone prepared from smooth muscle or endothelium. However, colonies form on the extracellular matrix and on astrocytes, either in the presence of SM- or En-conditioned medium or after the addition of recombinant GM-CSF. The GM cells are positive for nonspecific esterase, peroxidase, and MAC-1 markers but are negative for FC gamma receptors and for Thy 1.2, CD8, CD4, MHC class II, and Asialo GM1 markers. These observations emphasize the possibility for active participation of brain microvasculature SM and En in acute inflammatory reactions of the central nervous system.     

Immunologic phenotype of lymphocytes in chronic B-cell lymphocytic leukemia. I. B- and T-lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia]

This article contains the review and the critical discussion of studies of T and B lymphocytes in chronic B-cell lymphocytic leukaemia. It is not explicitly known now, which stage of differentiation of lympho-haemopoietic cells undergoes malignant transformation in CLL-B. Basing on VDJ recombination activity it is supposed that some cases derive from the stem cell, others--from B lineage cells.     

Effect of neurotensin on contractile activity and [3H]acetylcholine release in cat terminal ileum during different postnatal periods.

The effect of neurotensin (NT) on the contractile activity of circular and longitudinal strips from the terminal ileum of 15-, 30-, 60-day-old and adult cats as well as on the resting and electrically-evoked release of [3H]acetylcholine (ACh) was studied. Radioactivity was measured by liquid scintillation spectrometry and the effect of NT was evaluated by the S2/S1 ratio. In the circular muscle strips NT (1-100 nM) inhibited spontaneous contractions in all age groups. In the longitudinal strips the effect of NT was concentration- and age-dependent. NT at a concentration of 1 nM had no effect on the spontaneous activity in 15-day-old cats, but in the other age groups in 70-80% of the cats it inhibited spontaneous contractions. The response to 10 and 100 nM NT was either biphasic (relaxation followed by contraction) or inhibitory: in 15-day-old cats the response was biphasic only and with increasing age the percentage of strips responding with inhibition of the contractions increased. Neither substances affecting adrenergic and cholinergic transmission nor TTX changed the inhibitory response to NT. The contractile component of the biphasic response was TTX-resistant in all age groups and was significantly decreased by scopolamine in 60-day-old and adult cats. NT increased both resting and electrically-evoked release of [3H]ACh which was not changed by TTX. In the presence of the peptide the S2/S1 ratio increased as NT-induced [3H]ACh release in the strips of adult cats was higher than that in young cats.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Chronology of cellular events leading to derangements in function of pancreatic islets in chronic renal failure.

In chronic renal failure (CRF), a multitude of metabolic derangements occur in the pancreatic islets, resulting in impaired glucose-induced insulin secretion. These abnormalities include a rise in the basal level of cytosolic calcium ([Ca2+]i) in the islet, a decrease in their basal and stimulated ATP and ATP/ADP ratio, a reduction in the Vmax of Ca2+ATPase and Na(+)-K+ATPase, and an impaired glucose-induced calcium signal. The sequence of events that lead to these derangements and to the impairment in insulin secretion during the evolution of CRF are not defined. The study presented here examined this issue by measuring the metabolic profile of pancreatic islets weekly during the evolution of CRF over a period of 6 wk. The results show that serum levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH) begin to rise during the first week of CRF. The Vmax of Ca2+ATPase and Na(+)-K+ATPase increased during weeks 1 to 3 of CRF but fell to low levels thereafter. At week 3 of CRF, the basal level of [Ca2+]i began to rise, whereas basal and the stimulated ATP content and ATP/ADP ratio started to fall. Glucose-induced calcium signal, delta[Ca2+]i/basal [Ca2+]i, and insulin secretion became abnormally low between weeks 3 and 6 of CRF. The data allow the following formulation: as serum levels of PTH begins to rise, calcium entry into islets is augmented; this in turn will stimulate the activity of Ca2+ATPase and the Na(+)-Ca2+ exchanger, and hence, calcium extrusion out of the islets is increased. As a result, [Ca2+] remains normal during the first 2 wk of CRF.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

海洛因依赖80例临床资料分析

本文对首次住院的８０例海洛因依赖者的临床资料进行分析。男性７２例，女性８例，无职业者４０％。个体户占３５％，工人占２４％，初中文化者占８５％。入院前滥用毒麻药品现象较严重。停止使用海洛因后均出现典型的戒断症状，精神依赖很强。使用丁丙诺啡替代递减疗法近期效果满意。住院期间偷吸毒品现象严重，复吸率极高。